bundle msgpack 0.5.6 "as is" as borg._msgpack

src/borg/_msgpack/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+from msgpack._version import version
+from msgpack.exceptions import *
+
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+
+class ExtType(namedtuple('ExtType', 'code data')):
+    """ExtType represents ext type in msgpack."""
+    def __new__(cls, code, data):
+        if not isinstance(code, int):
+            raise TypeError("code must be int")
+        if not isinstance(data, bytes):
+            raise TypeError("data must be bytes")
+        if not 0 <= code <= 127:
+            raise ValueError("code must be 0~127")
+        return super(ExtType, cls).__new__(cls, code, data)
+
+
+import os
+if os.environ.get('MSGPACK_PUREPYTHON'):
+    from msgpack.fallback import Packer, unpackb, Unpacker
+else:
+    try:
+        from msgpack._packer import Packer
+        from msgpack._unpacker import unpackb, Unpacker
+    except ImportError:
+        from msgpack.fallback import Packer, unpackb, Unpacker
+
+
+def pack(o, stream, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Pack object `o` and write it to `stream`
+
+    See :class:`Packer` for options.
+    """
+    packer = Packer(**kwargs)
+    stream.write(packer.pack(o))
+
+
+def packb(o, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Pack object `o` and return packed bytes
+
+    See :class:`Packer` for options.
+    """
+    return Packer(**kwargs).pack(o)
+
+
+def unpack(stream, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Unpack an object from `stream`.
+
+    Raises `ExtraData` when `stream` contains extra bytes.
+    See :class:`Unpacker` for options.
+    """
+    data = stream.read()
+    return unpackb(data, **kwargs)
+
+
+# alias for compatibility to simplejson/marshal/pickle.
+load = unpack
+loads = unpackb
+
+dump = pack
+dumps = packb

src/borg/_msgpack/_packer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,9324 @@
+/* Generated by Cython 0.27.3 */
+
+#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
+#include "Python.h"
+#ifndef Py_PYTHON_H
+    #error Python headers needed to compile C extensions, please install development version of Python.
+#elif PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000 || (0x03000000 <= PY_VERSION_HEX && PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03030000)
+    #error Cython requires Python 2.6+ or Python 3.3+.
+#else
+#define CYTHON_ABI "0_27_3"
+#define CYTHON_FUTURE_DIVISION 0
+#include <stddef.h>
+#ifndef offsetof
+  #define offsetof(type, member) ( (size_t) & ((type*)0) -> member )
+#endif
+#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(MS_WINDOWS)
+  #ifndef __stdcall
+    #define __stdcall
+  #endif
+  #ifndef __cdecl
+    #define __cdecl
+  #endif
+  #ifndef __fastcall
+    #define __fastcall
+  #endif
+#endif
+#ifndef DL_IMPORT
+  #define DL_IMPORT(t) t
+#endif
+#ifndef DL_EXPORT
+  #define DL_EXPORT(t) t
+#endif
+#define __PYX_COMMA ,
+#ifndef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02070000
+    #define HAVE_LONG_LONG
+  #endif
+#endif
+#ifndef PY_LONG_LONG
+  #define PY_LONG_LONG LONG_LONG
+#endif
+#ifndef Py_HUGE_VAL
+  #define Py_HUGE_VAL HUGE_VAL
+#endif
+#ifdef PYPY_VERSION
+  #define CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY 1
+  #define CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYSTON 0
+  #define CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS
+  #define CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP
+  #define CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP 0
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03050000
+    #undef CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS
+    #define CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS 0
+  #elif !defined(CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS)
+    #define CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS 1
+  #endif
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_PYLIST_INTERNALS
+  #define CYTHON_USE_PYLIST_INTERNALS 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_INTERNALS
+  #define CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_INTERNALS 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_WRITER
+  #define CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_WRITER 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+  #define CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS 0
+  #undef CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+  #define CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS 1
+  #undef CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS
+  #define CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS 0
+  #undef CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS
+  #define CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS 0
+  #undef CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+  #define CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE 0
+  #undef CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+  #define CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL 0
+  #undef CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+  #define CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_TP_FINALIZE
+  #define CYTHON_USE_TP_FINALIZE 0
+#elif defined(PYSTON_VERSION)
+  #define CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY 0
+  #define CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYSTON 1
+  #define CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON 0
+  #ifndef CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS
+    #define CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS 1
+  #endif
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP
+  #define CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS
+  #define CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_PYLIST_INTERNALS
+  #define CYTHON_USE_PYLIST_INTERNALS 0
+  #ifndef CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_INTERNALS
+    #define CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_INTERNALS 1
+  #endif
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_WRITER
+  #define CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_WRITER 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+  #define CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS 0
+  #ifndef CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+    #define CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS 0
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS
+    #define CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS 1
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS
+    #define CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS 1
+  #endif
+  #undef CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+  #define CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE 0
+  #undef CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+  #define CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL 0
+  #undef CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+  #define CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT 0
+  #undef CYTHON_USE_TP_FINALIZE
+  #define CYTHON_USE_TP_FINALIZE 0
+#else
+  #define CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY 0
+  #define CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYSTON 0
+  #define CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON 1
+  #ifndef CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS
+    #define CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS 1
+  #endif
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02070000
+    #undef CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP
+    #define CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP 0
+  #elif !defined(CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP)
+    #define CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP 1
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    #undef CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS
+    #define CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS 0
+  #elif !defined(CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS)
+    #define CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS 1
+  #endif
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02070000
+    #undef CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+    #define CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS 0
+  #elif !defined(CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS)
+    #define CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS 1
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_USE_PYLIST_INTERNALS
+    #define CYTHON_USE_PYLIST_INTERNALS 1
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_INTERNALS
+    #define CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_INTERNALS 1
+  #endif
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030300F0
+    #undef CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_WRITER
+    #define CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_WRITER 0
+  #elif !defined(CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_WRITER)
+    #define CYTHON_USE_UNICODE_WRITER 1
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+    #define CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS 0
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS
+    #define CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS 1
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS
+    #define CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS 1
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+    #define CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE 1
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+    #define CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL 1
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+    #define CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT (0 && PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x03050000)
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_USE_TP_FINALIZE
+    #define CYTHON_USE_TP_FINALIZE (PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030400a1)
+  #endif
+#endif
+#if !defined(CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL)
+#define CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL  (CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL && PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030600B1)
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+  #include "longintrepr.h"
+  #undef SHIFT
+  #undef BASE
+  #undef MASK
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02070600 && !defined(Py_OptimizeFlag)
+  #define Py_OptimizeFlag 0
+#endif
+#define __PYX_BUILD_PY_SSIZE_T "n"
+#define CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "z"
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  #define __Pyx_BUILTIN_MODULE_NAME "__builtin__"
+  #define __Pyx_PyCode_New(a, k, l, s, f, code, c, n, v, fv, cell, fn, name, fline, lnos)\
+          PyCode_New(a+k, l, s, f, code, c, n, v, fv, cell, fn, name, fline, lnos)
+  #define __Pyx_DefaultClassType PyClass_Type
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_BUILTIN_MODULE_NAME "builtins"
+  #define __Pyx_PyCode_New(a, k, l, s, f, code, c, n, v, fv, cell, fn, name, fline, lnos)\
+          PyCode_New(a, k, l, s, f, code, c, n, v, fv, cell, fn, name, fline, lnos)
+  #define __Pyx_DefaultClassType PyType_Type
+#endif
+#ifndef Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES
+  #define Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES 0
+#endif
+#ifndef Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_INDEX
+  #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_INDEX 0
+#endif
+#ifndef Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER
+  #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER 0
+#endif
+#ifndef Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE
+  #define Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE 0
+#endif
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030700A0 || !defined(METH_FASTCALL)
+  #ifndef METH_FASTCALL
+     #define METH_FASTCALL 0x80
+  #endif
+  typedef PyObject *(*__Pyx_PyCFunctionFast) (PyObject *self, PyObject **args, Py_ssize_t nargs);
+  typedef PyObject *(*__Pyx_PyCFunctionFastWithKeywords) (PyObject *self, PyObject **args,
+                                                          Py_ssize_t nargs, PyObject *kwnames);
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyCFunctionFast _PyCFunctionFast
+  #define __Pyx_PyCFunctionFastWithKeywords _PyCFunctionFastWithKeywords
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL
+#define __Pyx_PyFastCFunction_Check(func)\
+    ((PyCFunction_Check(func) && (METH_FASTCALL == (PyCFunction_GET_FLAGS(func) & ~(METH_CLASS | METH_STATIC | METH_COEXIST | METH_KEYWORDS)))))
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyFastCFunction_Check(func) 0
+#endif
+#if !CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE || PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02070000
+  #define __Pyx_PyThreadState_Current PyThreadState_GET()
+#elif PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x03060000
+  #define __Pyx_PyThreadState_Current _PyThreadState_UncheckedGet()
+#elif PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x03000000
+  #define __Pyx_PyThreadState_Current PyThreadState_GET()
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyThreadState_Current _PyThreadState_Current
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON || defined(_PyDict_NewPresized)
+#define __Pyx_PyDict_NewPresized(n)  ((n <= 8) ? PyDict_New() : _PyDict_NewPresized(n))
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyDict_NewPresized(n)  PyDict_New()
+#endif
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3 || CYTHON_FUTURE_DIVISION
+  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_Divide(x,y)         PyNumber_TrueDivide(x,y)
+  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(x,y)  PyNumber_InPlaceTrueDivide(x,y)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_Divide(x,y)         PyNumber_Divide(x,y)
+  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(x,y)  PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(x,y)
+#endif
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX > 0x03030000 && defined(PyUnicode_KIND)
+  #define CYTHON_PEP393_ENABLED 1
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_READY(op)       (likely(PyUnicode_IS_READY(op)) ?\
+                                              0 : _PyUnicode_Ready((PyObject *)(op)))
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(u)   PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(u)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(u, i) PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(u, i)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_MAX_CHAR_VALUE(u)   PyUnicode_MAX_CHAR_VALUE(u)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_KIND(u)         PyUnicode_KIND(u)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_DATA(u)         PyUnicode_DATA(u)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_READ(k, d, i)   PyUnicode_READ(k, d, i)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_WRITE(k, d, i, ch)  PyUnicode_WRITE(k, d, i, ch)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_IS_TRUE(u)      (0 != (likely(PyUnicode_IS_READY(u)) ? PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(u) : PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(u)))
+#else
+  #define CYTHON_PEP393_ENABLED 0
+  #define PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND  1
+  #define PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND  2
+  #define PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND  4
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_READY(op)       (0)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(u)   PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(u)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_READ_CHAR(u, i) ((Py_UCS4)(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(u)[i]))
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_MAX_CHAR_VALUE(u)   ((sizeof(Py_UNICODE) == 2) ? 65535 : 1114111)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_KIND(u)         (sizeof(Py_UNICODE))
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_DATA(u)         ((void*)PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(u))
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_READ(k, d, i)   ((void)(k), (Py_UCS4)(((Py_UNICODE*)d)[i]))
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_WRITE(k, d, i, ch)  (((void)(k)), ((Py_UNICODE*)d)[i] = ch)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_IS_TRUE(u)      (0 != PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(u))
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_Concat(a, b)      PyNumber_Add(a, b)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_ConcatSafe(a, b)  PyNumber_Add(a, b)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_Concat(a, b)      PyUnicode_Concat(a, b)
+  #define __Pyx_PyUnicode_ConcatSafe(a, b)  ((unlikely((a) == Py_None) || unlikely((b) == Py_None)) ?\
+      PyNumber_Add(a, b) : __Pyx_PyUnicode_Concat(a, b))
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && !defined(PyUnicode_Contains)
+  #define PyUnicode_Contains(u, s)  PySequence_Contains(u, s)
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && !defined(PyByteArray_Check)
+  #define PyByteArray_Check(obj)  PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &PyByteArray_Type)
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && !defined(PyObject_Format)
+  #define PyObject_Format(obj, fmt)  PyObject_CallMethod(obj, "__format__", "O", fmt)
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && !defined(PyObject_Malloc)
+  #define PyObject_Malloc(s)   PyMem_Malloc(s)
+  #define PyObject_Free(p)     PyMem_Free(p)
+  #define PyObject_Realloc(p)  PyMem_Realloc(p)
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYSTON
+  #define __Pyx_PyCode_HasFreeVars(co)  PyCode_HasFreeVars(co)
+  #define __Pyx_PyFrame_SetLineNumber(frame, lineno) PyFrame_SetLineNumber(frame, lineno)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyCode_HasFreeVars(co)  (PyCode_GetNumFree(co) > 0)
+  #define __Pyx_PyFrame_SetLineNumber(frame, lineno)  (frame)->f_lineno = (lineno)
+#endif
+#define __Pyx_PyString_FormatSafe(a, b)   ((unlikely((a) == Py_None)) ? PyNumber_Remainder(a, b) : __Pyx_PyString_Format(a, b))
+#define __Pyx_PyUnicode_FormatSafe(a, b)  ((unlikely((a) == Py_None)) ? PyNumber_Remainder(a, b) : PyUnicode_Format(a, b))
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define __Pyx_PyString_Format(a, b)  PyUnicode_Format(a, b)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyString_Format(a, b)  PyString_Format(a, b)
+#endif
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3 && !defined(PyObject_ASCII)
+  #define PyObject_ASCII(o)            PyObject_Repr(o)
+#endif
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define PyBaseString_Type            PyUnicode_Type
+  #define PyStringObject               PyUnicodeObject
+  #define PyString_Type                PyUnicode_Type
+  #define PyString_Check               PyUnicode_Check
+  #define PyString_CheckExact          PyUnicode_CheckExact
+#endif
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define __Pyx_PyBaseString_Check(obj) PyUnicode_Check(obj)
+  #define __Pyx_PyBaseString_CheckExact(obj) PyUnicode_CheckExact(obj)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyBaseString_Check(obj) (PyString_Check(obj) || PyUnicode_Check(obj))
+  #define __Pyx_PyBaseString_CheckExact(obj) (PyString_CheckExact(obj) || PyUnicode_CheckExact(obj))
+#endif
+#ifndef PySet_CheckExact
+  #define PySet_CheckExact(obj)        (Py_TYPE(obj) == &PySet_Type)
+#endif
+#define __Pyx_PyException_Check(obj) __Pyx_TypeCheck(obj, PyExc_Exception)
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define PyIntObject                  PyLongObject
+  #define PyInt_Type                   PyLong_Type
+  #define PyInt_Check(op)              PyLong_Check(op)
+  #define PyInt_CheckExact(op)         PyLong_CheckExact(op)
+  #define PyInt_FromString             PyLong_FromString
+  #define PyInt_FromUnicode            PyLong_FromUnicode
+  #define PyInt_FromLong               PyLong_FromLong
+  #define PyInt_FromSize_t             PyLong_FromSize_t
+  #define PyInt_FromSsize_t            PyLong_FromSsize_t
+  #define PyInt_AsLong                 PyLong_AsLong
+  #define PyInt_AS_LONG                PyLong_AS_LONG
+  #define PyInt_AsSsize_t              PyLong_AsSsize_t
+  #define PyInt_AsUnsignedLongMask     PyLong_AsUnsignedLongMask
+  #define PyInt_AsUnsignedLongLongMask PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLongMask
+  #define PyNumber_Int                 PyNumber_Long
+#endif
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define PyBoolObject                 PyLongObject
+#endif
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3 && CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  #ifndef PyUnicode_InternFromString
+    #define PyUnicode_InternFromString(s) PyUnicode_FromString(s)
+  #endif
+#endif
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030200A4
+  typedef long Py_hash_t;
+  #define __Pyx_PyInt_FromHash_t PyInt_FromLong
+  #define __Pyx_PyInt_AsHash_t   PyInt_AsLong
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyInt_FromHash_t PyInt_FromSsize_t
+  #define __Pyx_PyInt_AsHash_t   PyInt_AsSsize_t
+#endif
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  #define __Pyx_PyMethod_New(func, self, klass) ((self) ? PyMethod_New(func, self) : PyInstanceMethod_New(func))
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyMethod_New(func, self, klass) PyMethod_New(func, self, klass)
+#endif
+#ifndef __has_attribute
+  #define __has_attribute(x) 0
+#endif
+#ifndef __has_cpp_attribute
+  #define __has_cpp_attribute(x) 0
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_USE_ASYNC_SLOTS
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030500B1
+    #define __Pyx_PyAsyncMethodsStruct PyAsyncMethods
+    #define __Pyx_PyType_AsAsync(obj) (Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_as_async)
+  #else
+    #define __Pyx_PyType_AsAsync(obj) ((__Pyx_PyAsyncMethodsStruct*) (Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_reserved))
+  #endif
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyType_AsAsync(obj) NULL
+#endif
+#ifndef __Pyx_PyAsyncMethodsStruct
+    typedef struct {
+        unaryfunc am_await;
+        unaryfunc am_aiter;
+        unaryfunc am_anext;
+    } __Pyx_PyAsyncMethodsStruct;
+#endif
+#ifndef CYTHON_RESTRICT
+  #if defined(__GNUC__)
+    #define CYTHON_RESTRICT __restrict__
+  #elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400
+    #define CYTHON_RESTRICT __restrict
+  #elif defined (__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L
+    #define CYTHON_RESTRICT restrict
+  #else
+    #define CYTHON_RESTRICT
+  #endif
+#endif
+#ifndef CYTHON_UNUSED
+# if defined(__GNUC__)
+#   if !(defined(__cplusplus)) || (__GNUC__ > 3 || (__GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 4))
+#     define CYTHON_UNUSED __attribute__ ((__unused__))
+#   else
+#     define CYTHON_UNUSED
+#   endif
+# elif defined(__ICC) || (defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && !defined(_MSC_VER))
+#   define CYTHON_UNUSED __attribute__ ((__unused__))
+# else
+#   define CYTHON_UNUSED
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef CYTHON_MAYBE_UNUSED_VAR
+#  if defined(__cplusplus)
+     template<class T> void CYTHON_MAYBE_UNUSED_VAR( const T& ) { }
+#  else
+#    define CYTHON_MAYBE_UNUSED_VAR(x) (void)(x)
+#  endif
+#endif
+#ifndef CYTHON_NCP_UNUSED
+# if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+#  define CYTHON_NCP_UNUSED
+# else
+#  define CYTHON_NCP_UNUSED CYTHON_UNUSED
+# endif
+#endif
+#define __Pyx_void_to_None(void_result) ((void)(void_result), Py_INCREF(Py_None), Py_None)
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+    #ifndef _MSC_STDINT_H_
+        #if _MSC_VER < 1300
+           typedef unsigned char     uint8_t;
+           typedef unsigned int      uint32_t;
+        #else
+           typedef unsigned __int8   uint8_t;
+           typedef unsigned __int32  uint32_t;
+        #endif
+    #endif
+#else
+   #include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+#ifndef CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH
+  #if defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201103L
+    #if __has_cpp_attribute(fallthrough)
+      #define CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH [[fallthrough]]
+    #elif __has_cpp_attribute(clang::fallthrough)
+      #define CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH [[clang::fallthrough]]
+    #elif __has_cpp_attribute(gnu::fallthrough)
+      #define CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH [[gnu::fallthrough]]
+    #endif
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH
+    #if __has_attribute(fallthrough)
+      #define CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH __attribute__((fallthrough))
+    #else
+      #define CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH
+    #endif
+  #endif
+  #if defined(__clang__ ) && defined(__apple_build_version__)
+    #if __apple_build_version__ < 7000000
+      #undef  CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH
+      #define CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH
+    #endif
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __cplusplus
+  #error "Cython files generated with the C++ option must be compiled with a C++ compiler."
+#endif
+#ifndef CYTHON_INLINE
+  #if defined(__clang__)
+    #define CYTHON_INLINE __inline__ __attribute__ ((__unused__))
+  #else
+    #define CYTHON_INLINE inline
+  #endif
+#endif
+template<typename T>
+void __Pyx_call_destructor(T& x) {
+    x.~T();
+}
+template<typename T>
+class __Pyx_FakeReference {
+  public:
+    __Pyx_FakeReference() : ptr(NULL) { }
+    __Pyx_FakeReference(const T& ref) : ptr(const_cast<T*>(&ref)) { }
+    T *operator->() { return ptr; }
+    T *operator&() { return ptr; }
+    operator T&() { return *ptr; }
+    template<typename U> bool operator ==(U other) { return *ptr == other; }
+    template<typename U> bool operator !=(U other) { return *ptr != other; }
+  private:
+    T *ptr;
+};
+
+#if defined(WIN32) || defined(MS_WINDOWS)
+  #define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
+#endif
+#include <math.h>
+#ifdef NAN
+#define __PYX_NAN() ((float) NAN)
+#else
+static CYTHON_INLINE float __PYX_NAN() {
+  float value;
+  memset(&value, 0xFF, sizeof(value));
+  return value;
+}
+#endif
+#if defined(__CYGWIN__) && defined(_LDBL_EQ_DBL)
+#define __Pyx_truncl trunc
+#else
+#define __Pyx_truncl truncl
+#endif
+
+
+#define __PYX_ERR(f_index, lineno, Ln_error) \
+{ \
+  __pyx_filename = __pyx_f[f_index]; __pyx_lineno = lineno; __pyx_clineno = __LINE__; goto Ln_error; \
+}
+
+#ifndef __PYX_EXTERN_C
+  #ifdef __cplusplus
+    #define __PYX_EXTERN_C extern "C"
+  #else
+    #define __PYX_EXTERN_C extern
+  #endif
+#endif
+
+#define __PYX_HAVE__msgpack___packer
+#define __PYX_HAVE_API__msgpack___packer
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "pythread.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+#ifdef _OPENMP
+#include <omp.h>
+#endif /* _OPENMP */
+
+#if defined(PYREX_WITHOUT_ASSERTIONS) && !defined(CYTHON_WITHOUT_ASSERTIONS)
+#define CYTHON_WITHOUT_ASSERTIONS
+#endif
+
+typedef struct {PyObject **p; const char *s; const Py_ssize_t n; const char* encoding;
+                const char is_unicode; const char is_str; const char intern; } __Pyx_StringTabEntry;
+
+#define __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_ASCII 1
+#define __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_DEFAULT 0
+#define __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING "ascii"
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_FromString __Pyx_PyBytes_FromString
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_FromStringAndSize __Pyx_PyBytes_FromStringAndSize
+#define __Pyx_uchar_cast(c) ((unsigned char)c)
+#define __Pyx_long_cast(x) ((long)x)
+#define __Pyx_fits_Py_ssize_t(v, type, is_signed)  (\
+    (sizeof(type) < sizeof(Py_ssize_t))  ||\
+    (sizeof(type) > sizeof(Py_ssize_t) &&\
+          likely(v < (type)PY_SSIZE_T_MAX ||\
+                 v == (type)PY_SSIZE_T_MAX)  &&\
+          (!is_signed || likely(v > (type)PY_SSIZE_T_MIN ||\
+                                v == (type)PY_SSIZE_T_MIN)))  ||\
+    (sizeof(type) == sizeof(Py_ssize_t) &&\
+          (is_signed || likely(v < (type)PY_SSIZE_T_MAX ||\
+                               v == (type)PY_SSIZE_T_MAX)))  )
+#if defined (__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201103L
+    #include <cstdlib>
+    #define __Pyx_sst_abs(value) std::abs(value)
+#elif SIZEOF_INT >= SIZEOF_SIZE_T
+    #define __Pyx_sst_abs(value) abs(value)
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG >= SIZEOF_SIZE_T
+    #define __Pyx_sst_abs(value) labs(value)
+#elif defined (_MSC_VER)
+    #define __Pyx_sst_abs(value) ((Py_ssize_t)_abs64(value))
+#elif defined (__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L
+    #define __Pyx_sst_abs(value) llabs(value)
+#elif defined (__GNUC__)
+    #define __Pyx_sst_abs(value) __builtin_llabs(value)
+#else
+    #define __Pyx_sst_abs(value) ((value<0) ? -value : value)
+#endif
+static CYTHON_INLINE const char* __Pyx_PyObject_AsString(PyObject*);
+static CYTHON_INLINE const char* __Pyx_PyObject_AsStringAndSize(PyObject*, Py_ssize_t* length);
+#define __Pyx_PyByteArray_FromString(s) PyByteArray_FromStringAndSize((const char*)s, strlen((const char*)s))
+#define __Pyx_PyByteArray_FromStringAndSize(s, l) PyByteArray_FromStringAndSize((const char*)s, l)
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_FromString        PyBytes_FromString
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_FromStringAndSize PyBytes_FromStringAndSize
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromString(const char*);
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    #define __Pyx_PyStr_FromString        __Pyx_PyBytes_FromString
+    #define __Pyx_PyStr_FromStringAndSize __Pyx_PyBytes_FromStringAndSize
+#else
+    #define __Pyx_PyStr_FromString        __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromString
+    #define __Pyx_PyStr_FromStringAndSize __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize
+#endif
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_AsWritableString(s)     ((char*) PyBytes_AS_STRING(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_AsWritableSString(s)    ((signed char*) PyBytes_AS_STRING(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_AsWritableUString(s)    ((unsigned char*) PyBytes_AS_STRING(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_AsString(s)     ((const char*) PyBytes_AS_STRING(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_AsSString(s)    ((const signed char*) PyBytes_AS_STRING(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_AsUString(s)    ((const unsigned char*) PyBytes_AS_STRING(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_AsWritableString(s)    ((char*) __Pyx_PyObject_AsString(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_AsWritableSString(s)    ((signed char*) __Pyx_PyObject_AsString(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_AsWritableUString(s)    ((unsigned char*) __Pyx_PyObject_AsString(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_AsSString(s)    ((const signed char*) __Pyx_PyObject_AsString(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_AsUString(s)    ((const unsigned char*) __Pyx_PyObject_AsString(s))
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_FromCString(s)  __Pyx_PyObject_FromString((const char*)s)
+#define __Pyx_PyBytes_FromCString(s)   __Pyx_PyBytes_FromString((const char*)s)
+#define __Pyx_PyByteArray_FromCString(s)   __Pyx_PyByteArray_FromString((const char*)s)
+#define __Pyx_PyStr_FromCString(s)     __Pyx_PyStr_FromString((const char*)s)
+#define __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromCString(s) __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromString((const char*)s)
+static CYTHON_INLINE size_t __Pyx_Py_UNICODE_strlen(const Py_UNICODE *u) {
+    const Py_UNICODE *u_end = u;
+    while (*u_end++) ;
+    return (size_t)(u_end - u - 1);
+}
+#define __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromUnicode(u)       PyUnicode_FromUnicode(u, __Pyx_Py_UNICODE_strlen(u))
+#define __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromUnicodeAndLength PyUnicode_FromUnicode
+#define __Pyx_PyUnicode_AsUnicode            PyUnicode_AsUnicode
+#define __Pyx_NewRef(obj) (Py_INCREF(obj), obj)
+#define __Pyx_Owned_Py_None(b) __Pyx_NewRef(Py_None)
+#define __Pyx_PyBool_FromLong(b) ((b) ? __Pyx_NewRef(Py_True) : __Pyx_NewRef(Py_False))
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject*);
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(PyObject* x);
+#define __Pyx_PySequence_Tuple(obj)\
+    (likely(PyTuple_CheckExact(obj)) ? __Pyx_NewRef(obj) : PySequence_Tuple(obj))
+static CYTHON_INLINE Py_ssize_t __Pyx_PyIndex_AsSsize_t(PyObject*);
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject * __Pyx_PyInt_FromSize_t(size_t);
+#if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS
+#define __pyx_PyFloat_AsDouble(x) (PyFloat_CheckExact(x) ? PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(x) : PyFloat_AsDouble(x))
+#else
+#define __pyx_PyFloat_AsDouble(x) PyFloat_AsDouble(x)
+#endif
+#define __pyx_PyFloat_AsFloat(x) ((float) __pyx_PyFloat_AsDouble(x))
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+#define __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x) (PyLong_CheckExact(x) ? __Pyx_NewRef(x) : PyNumber_Long(x))
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x) (PyInt_CheckExact(x) ? __Pyx_NewRef(x) : PyNumber_Int(x))
+#endif
+#define __Pyx_PyNumber_Float(x) (PyFloat_CheckExact(x) ? __Pyx_NewRef(x) : PyNumber_Float(x))
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3 && __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_ASCII
+static int __Pyx_sys_getdefaultencoding_not_ascii;
+static int __Pyx_init_sys_getdefaultencoding_params(void) {
+    PyObject* sys;
+    PyObject* default_encoding = NULL;
+    PyObject* ascii_chars_u = NULL;
+    PyObject* ascii_chars_b = NULL;
+    const char* default_encoding_c;
+    sys = PyImport_ImportModule("sys");
+    if (!sys) goto bad;
+    default_encoding = PyObject_CallMethod(sys, (char*) "getdefaultencoding", NULL);
+    Py_DECREF(sys);
+    if (!default_encoding) goto bad;
+    default_encoding_c = PyBytes_AsString(default_encoding);
+    if (!default_encoding_c) goto bad;
+    if (strcmp(default_encoding_c, "ascii") == 0) {
+        __Pyx_sys_getdefaultencoding_not_ascii = 0;
+    } else {
+        char ascii_chars[128];
+        int c;
+        for (c = 0; c < 128; c++) {
+            ascii_chars[c] = c;
+        }
+        __Pyx_sys_getdefaultencoding_not_ascii = 1;
+        ascii_chars_u = PyUnicode_DecodeASCII(ascii_chars, 128, NULL);
+        if (!ascii_chars_u) goto bad;
+        ascii_chars_b = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(ascii_chars_u, default_encoding_c, NULL);
+        if (!ascii_chars_b || !PyBytes_Check(ascii_chars_b) || memcmp(ascii_chars, PyBytes_AS_STRING(ascii_chars_b), 128) != 0) {
+            PyErr_Format(
+                PyExc_ValueError,
+                "This module compiled with c_string_encoding=ascii, but default encoding '%.200s' is not a superset of ascii.",
+                default_encoding_c);
+            goto bad;
+        }
+        Py_DECREF(ascii_chars_u);
+        Py_DECREF(ascii_chars_b);
+    }
+    Py_DECREF(default_encoding);
+    return 0;
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(default_encoding);
+    Py_XDECREF(ascii_chars_u);
+    Py_XDECREF(ascii_chars_b);
+    return -1;
+}
+#endif
+#if __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_DEFAULT && PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+#define __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(c_str, size) PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(c_str, size, NULL)
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(c_str, size) PyUnicode_Decode(c_str, size, __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING, NULL)
+#if __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_DEFAULT
+static char* __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING;
+static int __Pyx_init_sys_getdefaultencoding_params(void) {
+    PyObject* sys;
+    PyObject* default_encoding = NULL;
+    char* default_encoding_c;
+    sys = PyImport_ImportModule("sys");
+    if (!sys) goto bad;
+    default_encoding = PyObject_CallMethod(sys, (char*) (const char*) "getdefaultencoding", NULL);
+    Py_DECREF(sys);
+    if (!default_encoding) goto bad;
+    default_encoding_c = PyBytes_AsString(default_encoding);
+    if (!default_encoding_c) goto bad;
+    __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING = (char*) malloc(strlen(default_encoding_c));
+    if (!__PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING) goto bad;
+    strcpy(__PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING, default_encoding_c);
+    Py_DECREF(default_encoding);
+    return 0;
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(default_encoding);
+    return -1;
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+
+
+/* Test for GCC > 2.95 */
+#if defined(__GNUC__)     && (__GNUC__ > 2 || (__GNUC__ == 2 && (__GNUC_MINOR__ > 95)))
+  #define likely(x)   __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1)
+  #define unlikely(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0)
+#else /* !__GNUC__ or GCC < 2.95 */
+  #define likely(x)   (x)
+  #define unlikely(x) (x)
+#endif /* __GNUC__ */
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_pretend_to_initialize(void* ptr) { (void)ptr; }
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_m = NULL;
+static PyObject *__pyx_d;
+static PyObject *__pyx_b;
+static PyObject *__pyx_cython_runtime;
+static PyObject *__pyx_empty_tuple;
+static PyObject *__pyx_empty_bytes;
+static PyObject *__pyx_empty_unicode;
+static int __pyx_lineno;
+static int __pyx_clineno = 0;
+static const char * __pyx_cfilenm= __FILE__;
+static const char *__pyx_filename;
+
+
+static const char *__pyx_f[] = {
+  "msgpack/_packer.pyx",
+  "stringsource",
+  "type.pxd",
+  "bool.pxd",
+  "complex.pxd",
+};
+
+/*--- Type declarations ---*/
+struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer;
+struct __pyx_opt_args_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack;
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":150
+ *         self.pk.buf = NULL
+ * 
+ *     cdef int _pack(self, object o, int nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT) except -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef long long llval
+ *         cdef unsigned long long ullval
+ */
+struct __pyx_opt_args_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack {
+  int __pyx_n;
+  int nest_limit;
+};
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":56
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef class Packer(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     """
+ *     MessagePack Packer
+ */
+struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer {
+  PyObject_HEAD
+  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_vtab;
+  struct msgpack_packer pk;
+  PyObject *_default;
+  PyObject *_bencoding;
+  PyObject *_berrors;
+  char const *encoding;
+  char const *unicode_errors;
+  int strict_types;
+  PyBoolObject *use_float;
+  int autoreset;
+};
+
+
+
+struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer {
+  int (*_pack)(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *, PyObject *, struct __pyx_opt_args_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack *__pyx_optional_args);
+  PyObject *(*pack)(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch);
+};
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_vtabptr_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer;
+
+/* --- Runtime support code (head) --- */
+/* Refnanny.proto */
+#ifndef CYTHON_REFNANNY
+  #define CYTHON_REFNANNY 0
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_REFNANNY
+  typedef struct {
+    void (*INCREF)(void*, PyObject*, int);
+    void (*DECREF)(void*, PyObject*, int);
+    void (*GOTREF)(void*, PyObject*, int);
+    void (*GIVEREF)(void*, PyObject*, int);
+    void* (*SetupContext)(const char*, int, const char*);
+    void (*FinishContext)(void**);
+  } __Pyx_RefNannyAPIStruct;
+  static __Pyx_RefNannyAPIStruct *__Pyx_RefNanny = NULL;
+  static __Pyx_RefNannyAPIStruct *__Pyx_RefNannyImportAPI(const char *modname);
+  #define __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations void *__pyx_refnanny = NULL;
+#ifdef WITH_THREAD
+  #define __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext(name, acquire_gil)\
+          if (acquire_gil) {\
+              PyGILState_STATE __pyx_gilstate_save = PyGILState_Ensure();\
+              __pyx_refnanny = __Pyx_RefNanny->SetupContext((name), __LINE__, __FILE__);\
+              PyGILState_Release(__pyx_gilstate_save);\
+          } else {\
+              __pyx_refnanny = __Pyx_RefNanny->SetupContext((name), __LINE__, __FILE__);\
+          }
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext(name, acquire_gil)\
+          __pyx_refnanny = __Pyx_RefNanny->SetupContext((name), __LINE__, __FILE__)
+#endif
+  #define __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext()\
+          __Pyx_RefNanny->FinishContext(&__pyx_refnanny)
+  #define __Pyx_INCREF(r)  __Pyx_RefNanny->INCREF(__pyx_refnanny, (PyObject *)(r), __LINE__)
+  #define __Pyx_DECREF(r)  __Pyx_RefNanny->DECREF(__pyx_refnanny, (PyObject *)(r), __LINE__)
+  #define __Pyx_GOTREF(r)  __Pyx_RefNanny->GOTREF(__pyx_refnanny, (PyObject *)(r), __LINE__)
+  #define __Pyx_GIVEREF(r) __Pyx_RefNanny->GIVEREF(__pyx_refnanny, (PyObject *)(r), __LINE__)
+  #define __Pyx_XINCREF(r)  do { if((r) != NULL) {__Pyx_INCREF(r); }} while(0)
+  #define __Pyx_XDECREF(r)  do { if((r) != NULL) {__Pyx_DECREF(r); }} while(0)
+  #define __Pyx_XGOTREF(r)  do { if((r) != NULL) {__Pyx_GOTREF(r); }} while(0)
+  #define __Pyx_XGIVEREF(r) do { if((r) != NULL) {__Pyx_GIVEREF(r);}} while(0)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  #define __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext(name, acquire_gil)
+  #define __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext()
+  #define __Pyx_INCREF(r) Py_INCREF(r)
+  #define __Pyx_DECREF(r) Py_DECREF(r)
+  #define __Pyx_GOTREF(r)
+  #define __Pyx_GIVEREF(r)
+  #define __Pyx_XINCREF(r) Py_XINCREF(r)
+  #define __Pyx_XDECREF(r) Py_XDECREF(r)
+  #define __Pyx_XGOTREF(r)
+  #define __Pyx_XGIVEREF(r)
+#endif
+#define __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(r, v) do {\
+        PyObject *tmp = (PyObject *) r;\
+        r = v; __Pyx_XDECREF(tmp);\
+    } while (0)
+#define __Pyx_DECREF_SET(r, v) do {\
+        PyObject *tmp = (PyObject *) r;\
+        r = v; __Pyx_DECREF(tmp);\
+    } while (0)
+#define __Pyx_CLEAR(r)    do { PyObject* tmp = ((PyObject*)(r)); r = NULL; __Pyx_DECREF(tmp);} while(0)
+#define __Pyx_XCLEAR(r)   do { if((r) != NULL) {PyObject* tmp = ((PyObject*)(r)); r = NULL; __Pyx_DECREF(tmp);}} while(0)
+
+/* PyObjectGetAttrStr.proto */
+#if CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(PyObject* obj, PyObject* attr_name) {
+    PyTypeObject* tp = Py_TYPE(obj);
+    if (likely(tp->tp_getattro))
+        return tp->tp_getattro(obj, attr_name);
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    if (likely(tp->tp_getattr))
+        return tp->tp_getattr(obj, PyString_AS_STRING(attr_name));
+#endif
+    return PyObject_GetAttr(obj, attr_name);
+}
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(o,n) PyObject_GetAttr(o,n)
+#endif
+
+/* GetBuiltinName.proto */
+static PyObject *__Pyx_GetBuiltinName(PyObject *name);
+
+/* RaiseArgTupleInvalid.proto */
+static void __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid(const char* func_name, int exact,
+    Py_ssize_t num_min, Py_ssize_t num_max, Py_ssize_t num_found);
+
+/* KeywordStringCheck.proto */
+static int __Pyx_CheckKeywordStrings(PyObject *kwdict, const char* function_name, int kw_allowed);
+
+/* PyObjectCall.proto */
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_Call(PyObject *func, PyObject *arg, PyObject *kw);
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_Call(func, arg, kw) PyObject_Call(func, arg, kw)
+#endif
+
+/* PyThreadStateGet.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+#define __Pyx_PyThreadState_declare  PyThreadState *__pyx_tstate;
+#define __Pyx_PyThreadState_assign  __pyx_tstate = __Pyx_PyThreadState_Current;
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_Occurred()  __pyx_tstate->curexc_type
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyThreadState_declare
+#define __Pyx_PyThreadState_assign
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_Occurred()  PyErr_Occurred()
+#endif
+
+/* PyErrFetchRestore.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_Clear() __Pyx_ErrRestore(NULL, NULL, NULL)
+#define __Pyx_ErrRestoreWithState(type, value, tb)  __Pyx_ErrRestoreInState(PyThreadState_GET(), type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ErrFetchWithState(type, value, tb)    __Pyx_ErrFetchInState(PyThreadState_GET(), type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ErrRestore(type, value, tb)  __Pyx_ErrRestoreInState(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ErrFetch(type, value, tb)    __Pyx_ErrFetchInState(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ErrRestoreInState(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb);
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ErrFetchInState(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_SetNone(exc) (Py_INCREF(exc), __Pyx_ErrRestore((exc), NULL, NULL))
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_SetNone(exc) PyErr_SetNone(exc)
+#endif
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_Clear() PyErr_Clear()
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_SetNone(exc) PyErr_SetNone(exc)
+#define __Pyx_ErrRestoreWithState(type, value, tb)  PyErr_Restore(type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ErrFetchWithState(type, value, tb)  PyErr_Fetch(type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ErrRestoreInState(tstate, type, value, tb)  PyErr_Restore(type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ErrFetchInState(tstate, type, value, tb)  PyErr_Fetch(type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ErrRestore(type, value, tb)  PyErr_Restore(type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ErrFetch(type, value, tb)  PyErr_Fetch(type, value, tb)
+#endif
+
+/* RaiseException.proto */
+static void __Pyx_Raise(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb, PyObject *cause);
+
+/* RaiseDoubleKeywords.proto */
+static void __Pyx_RaiseDoubleKeywordsError(const char* func_name, PyObject* kw_name);
+
+/* ParseKeywords.proto */
+static int __Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(PyObject *kwds, PyObject **argnames[],\
+    PyObject *kwds2, PyObject *values[], Py_ssize_t num_pos_args,\
+    const char* function_name);
+
+/* ExtTypeTest.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_TypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type);
+
+/* GetModuleGlobalName.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(PyObject *name);
+
+/* SaveResetException.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+#define __Pyx_ExceptionSave(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__ExceptionSave(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionSave(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
+#define __Pyx_ExceptionReset(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__ExceptionReset(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionReset(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb);
+#else
+#define __Pyx_ExceptionSave(type, value, tb)   PyErr_GetExcInfo(type, value, tb)
+#define __Pyx_ExceptionReset(type, value, tb)  PyErr_SetExcInfo(type, value, tb)
+#endif
+
+/* PyErrExceptionMatches.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(err) __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesInState(__pyx_tstate, err)
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesInState(PyThreadState* tstate, PyObject* err);
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(err)  PyErr_ExceptionMatches(err)
+#endif
+
+/* GetException.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+#define __Pyx_GetException(type, value, tb)  __Pyx__GetException(__pyx_tstate, type, value, tb)
+static int __Pyx__GetException(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
+#else
+static int __Pyx_GetException(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb);
+#endif
+
+/* PyCFunctionFastCall.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_PyCFunction_FastCall(PyObject *func, PyObject **args, Py_ssize_t nargs);
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyCFunction_FastCall(func, args, nargs)  (assert(0), NULL)
+#endif
+
+/* PyFunctionFastCall.proto */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+#define __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCall(func, args, nargs)\
+    __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCallDict((func), (args), (nargs), NULL)
+#if 1 || PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030600B1
+static PyObject *__Pyx_PyFunction_FastCallDict(PyObject *func, PyObject **args, int nargs, PyObject *kwargs);
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCallDict(func, args, nargs, kwargs) _PyFunction_FastCallDict(func, args, nargs, kwargs)
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* PyObjectCallMethO.proto */
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_CallMethO(PyObject *func, PyObject *arg);
+#endif
+
+/* PyObjectCallOneArg.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(PyObject *func, PyObject *arg);
+
+/* IterFinish.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_IterFinish(void);
+
+/* PyObjectCallNoArg.proto */
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_CallNoArg(PyObject *func);
+#else
+#define __Pyx_PyObject_CallNoArg(func) __Pyx_PyObject_Call(func, __pyx_empty_tuple, NULL)
+#endif
+
+/* PyObjectCallMethod0.proto */
+static PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_CallMethod0(PyObject* obj, PyObject* method_name);
+
+/* RaiseNeedMoreValuesToUnpack.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(Py_ssize_t index);
+
+/* RaiseTooManyValuesToUnpack.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(Py_ssize_t expected);
+
+/* UnpackItemEndCheck.proto */
+static int __Pyx_IternextUnpackEndCheck(PyObject *retval, Py_ssize_t expected);
+
+/* RaiseNoneIterError.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseNoneNotIterableError(void);
+
+/* UnpackTupleError.proto */
+static void __Pyx_UnpackTupleError(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t index);
+
+/* UnpackTuple2.proto */
+#define __Pyx_unpack_tuple2(tuple, value1, value2, is_tuple, has_known_size, decref_tuple)\
+    (likely(is_tuple || PyTuple_Check(tuple)) ?\
+        (likely(has_known_size || PyTuple_GET_SIZE(tuple) == 2) ?\
+            __Pyx_unpack_tuple2_exact(tuple, value1, value2, decref_tuple) :\
+            (__Pyx_UnpackTupleError(tuple, 2), -1)) :\
+        __Pyx_unpack_tuple2_generic(tuple, value1, value2, has_known_size, decref_tuple))
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_unpack_tuple2_exact(
+    PyObject* tuple, PyObject** value1, PyObject** value2, int decref_tuple);
+static int __Pyx_unpack_tuple2_generic(
+    PyObject* tuple, PyObject** value1, PyObject** value2, int has_known_size, int decref_tuple);
+
+/* dict_iter.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_dict_iterator(PyObject* dict, int is_dict, PyObject* method_name,
+                                                   Py_ssize_t* p_orig_length, int* p_is_dict);
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_dict_iter_next(PyObject* dict_or_iter, Py_ssize_t orig_length, Py_ssize_t* ppos,
+                                              PyObject** pkey, PyObject** pvalue, PyObject** pitem, int is_dict);
+
+/* SetVTable.proto */
+static int __Pyx_SetVtable(PyObject *dict, void *vtable);
+
+/* SetupReduce.proto */
+static int __Pyx_setup_reduce(PyObject* type_obj);
+
+/* Import.proto */
+static PyObject *__Pyx_Import(PyObject *name, PyObject *from_list, int level);
+
+/* ImportFrom.proto */
+static PyObject* __Pyx_ImportFrom(PyObject* module, PyObject* name);
+
+/* CLineInTraceback.proto */
+#ifdef CYTHON_CLINE_IN_TRACEBACK
+#define __Pyx_CLineForTraceback(tstate, c_line)  (((CYTHON_CLINE_IN_TRACEBACK)) ? c_line : 0)
+#else
+static int __Pyx_CLineForTraceback(PyThreadState *tstate, int c_line);
+#endif
+
+/* CodeObjectCache.proto */
+typedef struct {
+    PyCodeObject* code_object;
+    int code_line;
+} __Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry;
+struct __Pyx_CodeObjectCache {
+    int count;
+    int max_count;
+    __Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry* entries;
+};
+static struct __Pyx_CodeObjectCache __pyx_code_cache = {0,0,NULL};
+static int __pyx_bisect_code_objects(__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry* entries, int count, int code_line);
+static PyCodeObject *__pyx_find_code_object(int code_line);
+static void __pyx_insert_code_object(int code_line, PyCodeObject* code_object);
+
+/* AddTraceback.proto */
+static void __Pyx_AddTraceback(const char *funcname, int c_line,
+                               int py_line, const char *filename);
+
+/* CIntToPy.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyInt_From_int(int value);
+
+/* CIntFromPy.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_As_PY_LONG_LONG(PyObject *);
+
+/* CIntFromPy.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_As_unsigned_PY_LONG_LONG(PyObject *);
+
+/* CIntFromPy.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE long __Pyx_PyInt_As_long(PyObject *);
+
+/* CIntFromPy.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE char __Pyx_PyInt_As_char(PyObject *);
+
+/* CIntToPy.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyInt_From_long(long value);
+
+/* CIntFromPy.proto */
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyInt_As_int(PyObject *);
+
+/* FastTypeChecks.proto */
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+#define __Pyx_TypeCheck(obj, type) __Pyx_IsSubtype(Py_TYPE(obj), (PyTypeObject *)type)
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_IsSubtype(PyTypeObject *a, PyTypeObject *b);
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(PyObject *err, PyObject *type);
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches2(PyObject *err, PyObject *type1, PyObject *type2);
+#else
+#define __Pyx_TypeCheck(obj, type) PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, (PyTypeObject *)type)
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(err, type) PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(err, type)
+#define __Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches2(err, type1, type2) (PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(err, type1) || PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(err, type2))
+#endif
+
+/* CheckBinaryVersion.proto */
+static int __Pyx_check_binary_version(void);
+
+/* PyIdentifierFromString.proto */
+#if !defined(__Pyx_PyIdentifier_FromString)
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  #define __Pyx_PyIdentifier_FromString(s) PyString_FromString(s)
+#else
+  #define __Pyx_PyIdentifier_FromString(s) PyUnicode_FromString(s)
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* ModuleImport.proto */
+static PyObject *__Pyx_ImportModule(const char *name);
+
+/* TypeImport.proto */
+static PyTypeObject *__Pyx_ImportType(const char *module_name, const char *class_name, size_t size, int strict);
+
+/* InitStrings.proto */
+static int __Pyx_InitStrings(__Pyx_StringTabEntry *t);
+
+static int __pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_o, struct __pyx_opt_args_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack *__pyx_optional_args); /* proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_pack(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_obj, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /* proto*/
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.version' */
+
+/* Module declarations from '__builtin__' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.type' */
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_7cpython_4type_type = 0;
+
+/* Module declarations from 'libc.string' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'libc.stdio' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.object' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.ref' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.exc' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.module' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.mem' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.tuple' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.list' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.sequence' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.mapping' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.iterator' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.number' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.int' */
+
+/* Module declarations from '__builtin__' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.bool' */
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_7cpython_4bool_bool = 0;
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.long' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.float' */
+
+/* Module declarations from '__builtin__' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.complex' */
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_7cpython_7complex_complex = 0;
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.string' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.unicode' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.dict' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.instance' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.function' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.method' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.weakref' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.getargs' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.pythread' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.pystate' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.cobject' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.oldbuffer' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.set' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.buffer' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.bytes' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython.pycapsule' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'cpython' */
+
+/* Module declarations from 'msgpack._packer' */
+static PyTypeObject *__pyx_ptype_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer = 0;
+static int __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT;
+static PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT;
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_PyBytesLike_Check(PyObject *); /*proto*/
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_PyBytesLike_CheckExact(PyObject *); /*proto*/
+#define __Pyx_MODULE_NAME "msgpack._packer"
+extern int __pyx_module_is_main_msgpack___packer;
+int __pyx_module_is_main_msgpack___packer = 0;
+
+/* Implementation of 'msgpack._packer' */
+static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_MemoryError;
+static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_PendingDeprecationWarning;
+static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_TypeError;
+static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_OverflowError;
+static PyObject *__pyx_builtin_RuntimeError;
+static const char __pyx_k_code[] = "code";
+static const char __pyx_k_data[] = "data";
+static const char __pyx_k_main[] = "__main__";
+static const char __pyx_k_name[] = "__name__";
+static const char __pyx_k_pack[] = "pack";
+static const char __pyx_k_test[] = "__test__";
+static const char __pyx_k_items[] = "items";
+static const char __pyx_k_import[] = "__import__";
+static const char __pyx_k_reduce[] = "__reduce__";
+static const char __pyx_k_ExtType[] = "ExtType";
+static const char __pyx_k_default[] = "default";
+static const char __pyx_k_msgpack[] = "msgpack";
+static const char __pyx_k_encoding[] = "encoding";
+static const char __pyx_k_getstate[] = "__getstate__";
+static const char __pyx_k_setstate[] = "__setstate__";
+static const char __pyx_k_typecode[] = "typecode";
+static const char __pyx_k_TypeError[] = "TypeError";
+static const char __pyx_k_autoreset[] = "autoreset";
+static const char __pyx_k_iteritems[] = "iteritems";
+static const char __pyx_k_reduce_ex[] = "__reduce_ex__";
+static const char __pyx_k_pyx_vtable[] = "__pyx_vtable__";
+static const char __pyx_k_MemoryError[] = "MemoryError";
+static const char __pyx_k_RuntimeError[] = "RuntimeError";
+static const char __pyx_k_strict_types[] = "strict_types";
+static const char __pyx_k_use_bin_type[] = "use_bin_type";
+static const char __pyx_k_OverflowError[] = "OverflowError";
+static const char __pyx_k_reduce_cython[] = "__reduce_cython__";
+static const char __pyx_k_PackValueError[] = "PackValueError";
+static const char __pyx_k_internal_error[] = "internal error";
+static const char __pyx_k_s_is_too_large[] = "%s is too large";
+static const char __pyx_k_unicode_errors[] = "unicode_errors";
+static const char __pyx_k_setstate_cython[] = "__setstate_cython__";
+static const char __pyx_k_use_single_float[] = "use_single_float";
+static const char __pyx_k_PackOverflowError[] = "PackOverflowError";
+static const char __pyx_k_can_t_serialize_r[] = "can't serialize %r";
+static const char __pyx_k_dict_is_too_large[] = "dict is too large";
+static const char __pyx_k_list_is_too_large[] = "list is too large";
+static const char __pyx_k_cline_in_traceback[] = "cline_in_traceback";
+static const char __pyx_k_msgpack_exceptions[] = "msgpack.exceptions";
+static const char __pyx_k_EXT_data_is_too_large[] = "EXT data is too large";
+static const char __pyx_k_memoryview_is_too_large[] = "memoryview is too large";
+static const char __pyx_k_recursion_limit_exceeded[] = "recursion limit exceeded.";
+static const char __pyx_k_PendingDeprecationWarning[] = "PendingDeprecationWarning";
+static const char __pyx_k_Integer_value_out_of_range[] = "Integer value out of range";
+static const char __pyx_k_default_must_be_a_callable[] = "default must be a callable.";
+static const char __pyx_k_unicode_string_is_too_large[] = "unicode string is too large";
+static const char __pyx_k_Unable_to_allocate_internal_buff[] = "Unable to allocate internal buffer.";
+static const char __pyx_k_could_not_get_buffer_for_memoryv[] = "could not get buffer for memoryview";
+static const char __pyx_k_no_default___reduce___due_to_non[] = "no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__";
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_EXT_data_is_too_large;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_ExtType;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_Integer_value_out_of_range;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_MemoryError;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_OverflowError;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_PackOverflowError;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_PackValueError;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_PendingDeprecationWarning;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_RuntimeError;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_TypeError;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_Unable_to_allocate_internal_buff;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_autoreset;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_can_t_serialize_r;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_cline_in_traceback;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_code;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_could_not_get_buffer_for_memoryv;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_data;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_default;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_default_must_be_a_callable;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_dict_is_too_large;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_encoding;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_getstate;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_import;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_internal_error;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_items;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_iteritems;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_list_is_too_large;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_main;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_memoryview_is_too_large;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_msgpack;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_msgpack_exceptions;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_name;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_no_default___reduce___due_to_non;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_pack;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_pyx_vtable;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_recursion_limit_exceeded;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_reduce;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_reduce_cython;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_reduce_ex;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_s_is_too_large;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_setstate;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_setstate_cython;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_strict_types;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_test;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_typecode;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_unicode_errors;
+static PyObject *__pyx_kp_s_unicode_string_is_too_large;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_use_bin_type;
+static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_use_single_float;
+static int __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer___cinit__(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
+static int __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_2__init__(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_default, PyObject *__pyx_v_encoding, PyObject *__pyx_v_unicode_errors, int __pyx_v_use_single_float, int __pyx_v_autoreset, int __pyx_v_use_bin_type, int __pyx_v_strict_types); /* proto */
+static void __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_4__dealloc__(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_6pack(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_obj); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_8pack_ext_type(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_typecode, PyObject *__pyx_v_data); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_10pack_array_header(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_v_size); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_12pack_map_header(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_v_size); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_14pack_map_pairs(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_pairs); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_16reset(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_18bytes(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_20__reduce_cython__(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_22__setstate_cython__(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v___pyx_state); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer(PyTypeObject *t, PyObject *a, PyObject *k); /*proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_int_0;
+static int __pyx_k__3;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple_;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__2;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__4;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__5;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__6;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__7;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__8;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__9;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__10;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__11;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__12;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__13;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__14;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__15;
+static PyObject *__pyx_tuple__16;
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":48
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef inline int PyBytesLike_Check(object o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     return PyBytes_Check(o) or PyByteArray_Check(o)
+ * 
+ */
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_PyBytesLike_Check(PyObject *__pyx_v_o) {
+  int __pyx_r;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  int __pyx_t_1;
+  int __pyx_t_2;
+  int __pyx_t_3;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("PyBytesLike_Check", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":49
+ * 
+ * cdef inline int PyBytesLike_Check(object o):
+ *     return PyBytes_Check(o) or PyByteArray_Check(o)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_t_2 = PyBytes_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+  if (!__pyx_t_2) {
+  } else {
+    __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_t_2;
+    goto __pyx_L3_bool_binop_done;
+  }
+  __pyx_t_3 = PyByteArray_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_t_3;
+  __pyx_L3_bool_binop_done:;
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_t_1;
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":48
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef inline int PyBytesLike_Check(object o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     return PyBytes_Check(o) or PyByteArray_Check(o)
+ * 
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":52
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef inline int PyBytesLike_CheckExact(object o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     return PyBytes_CheckExact(o) or PyByteArray_CheckExact(o)
+ * 
+ */
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_PyBytesLike_CheckExact(PyObject *__pyx_v_o) {
+  int __pyx_r;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  int __pyx_t_1;
+  int __pyx_t_2;
+  int __pyx_t_3;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("PyBytesLike_CheckExact", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":53
+ * 
+ * cdef inline int PyBytesLike_CheckExact(object o):
+ *     return PyBytes_CheckExact(o) or PyByteArray_CheckExact(o)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_t_2 = PyBytes_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o);
+  if (!__pyx_t_2) {
+  } else {
+    __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_t_2;
+    goto __pyx_L3_bool_binop_done;
+  }
+  __pyx_t_3 = PyByteArray_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o);
+  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_t_3;
+  __pyx_L3_bool_binop_done:;
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_t_1;
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":52
+ * 
+ * 
+ * cdef inline int PyBytesLike_CheckExact(object o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     return PyBytes_CheckExact(o) or PyByteArray_CheckExact(o)
+ * 
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":109
+ *     cdef bint autoreset
+ * 
+ *     def __cinit__(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef int buf_size = 1024*1024
+ *         self.pk.buf = <char*> PyMem_Malloc(buf_size)
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static int __pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_1__cinit__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds); /*proto*/
+static int __pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_1__cinit__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds) {
+  int __pyx_r;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__cinit__ (wrapper)", 0);
+  if (unlikely(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args) > 0)) {
+    __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid("__cinit__", 1, 0, 0, PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args)); return -1;}
+  if (unlikely(__pyx_kwds) && unlikely(PyDict_Size(__pyx_kwds) > 0) && unlikely(!__Pyx_CheckKeywordStrings(__pyx_kwds, "__cinit__", 0))) return -1;
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer___cinit__(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static int __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer___cinit__(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self) {
+  int __pyx_v_buf_size;
+  int __pyx_r;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  int __pyx_t_1;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_2 = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__cinit__", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":110
+ * 
+ *     def __cinit__(self):
+ *         cdef int buf_size = 1024*1024             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self.pk.buf = <char*> PyMem_Malloc(buf_size)
+ *         if self.pk.buf == NULL:
+ */
+  __pyx_v_buf_size = 0x100000;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":111
+ *     def __cinit__(self):
+ *         cdef int buf_size = 1024*1024
+ *         self.pk.buf = <char*> PyMem_Malloc(buf_size)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if self.pk.buf == NULL:
+ *             raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate internal buffer.")
+ */
+  __pyx_v_self->pk.buf = ((char *)PyMem_Malloc(__pyx_v_buf_size));
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":112
+ *         cdef int buf_size = 1024*1024
+ *         self.pk.buf = <char*> PyMem_Malloc(buf_size)
+ *         if self.pk.buf == NULL:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate internal buffer.")
+ *         self.pk.buf_size = buf_size
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = ((__pyx_v_self->pk.buf == NULL) != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":113
+ *         self.pk.buf = <char*> PyMem_Malloc(buf_size)
+ *         if self.pk.buf == NULL:
+ *             raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate internal buffer.")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self.pk.buf_size = buf_size
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+    __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_builtin_MemoryError, __pyx_tuple_, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 113, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+    __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_2, 0, 0, 0);
+    __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+    __PYX_ERR(0, 113, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":112
+ *         cdef int buf_size = 1024*1024
+ *         self.pk.buf = <char*> PyMem_Malloc(buf_size)
+ *         if self.pk.buf == NULL:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate internal buffer.")
+ *         self.pk.buf_size = buf_size
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":114
+ *         if self.pk.buf == NULL:
+ *             raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate internal buffer.")
+ *         self.pk.buf_size = buf_size             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_v_self->pk.buf_size = __pyx_v_buf_size;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":115
+ *             raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate internal buffer.")
+ *         self.pk.buf_size = buf_size
+ *         self.pk.length = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     def __init__(self, default=None, encoding=None, unicode_errors=None,
+ */
+  __pyx_v_self->pk.length = 0;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":109
+ *     cdef bint autoreset
+ * 
+ *     def __cinit__(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef int buf_size = 1024*1024
+ *         self.pk.buf = <char*> PyMem_Malloc(buf_size)
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_r = 0;
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.__cinit__", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = -1;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":117
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ * 
+ *     def __init__(self, default=None, encoding=None, unicode_errors=None,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                  bint use_single_float=False, bint autoreset=True, bint use_bin_type=False,
+ *                  bint strict_types=False):
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static int __pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_3__init__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds); /*proto*/
+static int __pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_3__init__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_default = 0;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_encoding = 0;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_unicode_errors = 0;
+  int __pyx_v_use_single_float;
+  int __pyx_v_autoreset;
+  int __pyx_v_use_bin_type;
+  int __pyx_v_strict_types;
+  int __pyx_r;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__init__ (wrapper)", 0);
+  {
+    static PyObject **__pyx_pyargnames[] = {&__pyx_n_s_default,&__pyx_n_s_encoding,&__pyx_n_s_unicode_errors,&__pyx_n_s_use_single_float,&__pyx_n_s_autoreset,&__pyx_n_s_use_bin_type,&__pyx_n_s_strict_types,0};
+    PyObject* values[7] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0};
+    values[0] = ((PyObject *)Py_None);
+    values[1] = ((PyObject *)Py_None);
+    values[2] = ((PyObject *)Py_None);
+    if (unlikely(__pyx_kwds)) {
+      Py_ssize_t kw_args;
+      const Py_ssize_t pos_args = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args);
+      switch (pos_args) {
+        case  7: values[6] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 6);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  6: values[5] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 5);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  5: values[4] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 4);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  4: values[3] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 3);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  3: values[2] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 2);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  2: values[1] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 1);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  1: values[0] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 0);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  0: break;
+        default: goto __pyx_L5_argtuple_error;
+      }
+      kw_args = PyDict_Size(__pyx_kwds);
+      switch (pos_args) {
+        case  0:
+        if (kw_args > 0) {
+          PyObject* value = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_default);
+          if (value) { values[0] = value; kw_args--; }
+        }
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  1:
+        if (kw_args > 0) {
+          PyObject* value = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_encoding);
+          if (value) { values[1] = value; kw_args--; }
+        }
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  2:
+        if (kw_args > 0) {
+          PyObject* value = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_unicode_errors);
+          if (value) { values[2] = value; kw_args--; }
+        }
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  3:
+        if (kw_args > 0) {
+          PyObject* value = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_use_single_float);
+          if (value) { values[3] = value; kw_args--; }
+        }
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  4:
+        if (kw_args > 0) {
+          PyObject* value = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_autoreset);
+          if (value) { values[4] = value; kw_args--; }
+        }
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  5:
+        if (kw_args > 0) {
+          PyObject* value = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_use_bin_type);
+          if (value) { values[5] = value; kw_args--; }
+        }
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  6:
+        if (kw_args > 0) {
+          PyObject* value = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_strict_types);
+          if (value) { values[6] = value; kw_args--; }
+        }
+      }
+      if (unlikely(kw_args > 0)) {
+        if (unlikely(__Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_pyargnames, 0, values, pos_args, "__init__") < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 117, __pyx_L3_error)
+      }
+    } else {
+      switch (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args)) {
+        case  7: values[6] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 6);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  6: values[5] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 5);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  5: values[4] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 4);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  4: values[3] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 3);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  3: values[2] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 2);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  2: values[1] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 1);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  1: values[0] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 0);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  0: break;
+        default: goto __pyx_L5_argtuple_error;
+      }
+    }
+    __pyx_v_default = values[0];
+    __pyx_v_encoding = values[1];
+    __pyx_v_unicode_errors = values[2];
+    if (values[3]) {
+      __pyx_v_use_single_float = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(values[3]); if (unlikely((__pyx_v_use_single_float == (int)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 118, __pyx_L3_error)
+    } else {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":118
+ * 
+ *     def __init__(self, default=None, encoding=None, unicode_errors=None,
+ *                  bint use_single_float=False, bint autoreset=True, bint use_bin_type=False,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                  bint strict_types=False):
+ *         if encoding is not None:
+ */
+      __pyx_v_use_single_float = ((int)0);
+    }
+    if (values[4]) {
+      __pyx_v_autoreset = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(values[4]); if (unlikely((__pyx_v_autoreset == (int)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 118, __pyx_L3_error)
+    } else {
+      __pyx_v_autoreset = ((int)1);
+    }
+    if (values[5]) {
+      __pyx_v_use_bin_type = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(values[5]); if (unlikely((__pyx_v_use_bin_type == (int)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 118, __pyx_L3_error)
+    } else {
+      __pyx_v_use_bin_type = ((int)0);
+    }
+    if (values[6]) {
+      __pyx_v_strict_types = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(values[6]); if (unlikely((__pyx_v_strict_types == (int)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 119, __pyx_L3_error)
+    } else {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":119
+ *     def __init__(self, default=None, encoding=None, unicode_errors=None,
+ *                  bint use_single_float=False, bint autoreset=True, bint use_bin_type=False,
+ *                  bint strict_types=False):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if encoding is not None:
+ *             PyErr_WarnEx(PendingDeprecationWarning, "encoding is deprecated.", 1)
+ */
+      __pyx_v_strict_types = ((int)0);
+    }
+  }
+  goto __pyx_L4_argument_unpacking_done;
+  __pyx_L5_argtuple_error:;
+  __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid("__init__", 0, 0, 7, PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args)); __PYX_ERR(0, 117, __pyx_L3_error)
+  __pyx_L3_error:;
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.__init__", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return -1;
+  __pyx_L4_argument_unpacking_done:;
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_2__init__(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self), __pyx_v_default, __pyx_v_encoding, __pyx_v_unicode_errors, __pyx_v_use_single_float, __pyx_v_autoreset, __pyx_v_use_bin_type, __pyx_v_strict_types);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":117
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ * 
+ *     def __init__(self, default=None, encoding=None, unicode_errors=None,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                  bint use_single_float=False, bint autoreset=True, bint use_bin_type=False,
+ *                  bint strict_types=False):
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static int __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_2__init__(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_default, PyObject *__pyx_v_encoding, PyObject *__pyx_v_unicode_errors, int __pyx_v_use_single_float, int __pyx_v_autoreset, int __pyx_v_use_bin_type, int __pyx_v_strict_types) {
+  int __pyx_r;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  int __pyx_t_1;
+  int __pyx_t_2;
+  int __pyx_t_3;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_4 = NULL;
+  char const *__pyx_t_5;
+  char const *__pyx_t_6;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__init__", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":120
+ *                  bint use_single_float=False, bint autoreset=True, bint use_bin_type=False,
+ *                  bint strict_types=False):
+ *         if encoding is not None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             PyErr_WarnEx(PendingDeprecationWarning, "encoding is deprecated.", 1)
+ *         self.use_float = use_single_float
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_v_encoding != Py_None);
+  __pyx_t_2 = (__pyx_t_1 != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_2) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":121
+ *                  bint strict_types=False):
+ *         if encoding is not None:
+ *             PyErr_WarnEx(PendingDeprecationWarning, "encoding is deprecated.", 1)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self.use_float = use_single_float
+ *         self.strict_types = strict_types
+ */
+    __pyx_t_3 = PyErr_WarnEx(__pyx_builtin_PendingDeprecationWarning, ((char *)"encoding is deprecated."), 1); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_3 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 121, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":120
+ *                  bint use_single_float=False, bint autoreset=True, bint use_bin_type=False,
+ *                  bint strict_types=False):
+ *         if encoding is not None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             PyErr_WarnEx(PendingDeprecationWarning, "encoding is deprecated.", 1)
+ *         self.use_float = use_single_float
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":122
+ *         if encoding is not None:
+ *             PyErr_WarnEx(PendingDeprecationWarning, "encoding is deprecated.", 1)
+ *         self.use_float = use_single_float             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self.strict_types = strict_types
+ *         self.autoreset = autoreset
+ */
+  __pyx_t_4 = __Pyx_PyBool_FromLong(__pyx_v_use_single_float); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 122, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_4);
+  if (!(likely(__Pyx_TypeTest(__pyx_t_4, __pyx_ptype_7cpython_4bool_bool)))) __PYX_ERR(0, 122, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_t_4);
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_v_self->use_float);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(((PyObject *)__pyx_v_self->use_float));
+  __pyx_v_self->use_float = ((PyBoolObject *)__pyx_t_4);
+  __pyx_t_4 = 0;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":123
+ *             PyErr_WarnEx(PendingDeprecationWarning, "encoding is deprecated.", 1)
+ *         self.use_float = use_single_float
+ *         self.strict_types = strict_types             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self.autoreset = autoreset
+ *         self.pk.use_bin_type = use_bin_type
+ */
+  __pyx_v_self->strict_types = __pyx_v_strict_types;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":124
+ *         self.use_float = use_single_float
+ *         self.strict_types = strict_types
+ *         self.autoreset = autoreset             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self.pk.use_bin_type = use_bin_type
+ *         if default is not None:
+ */
+  __pyx_v_self->autoreset = __pyx_v_autoreset;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":125
+ *         self.strict_types = strict_types
+ *         self.autoreset = autoreset
+ *         self.pk.use_bin_type = use_bin_type             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if default is not None:
+ *             if not PyCallable_Check(default):
+ */
+  __pyx_v_self->pk.use_bin_type = __pyx_v_use_bin_type;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":126
+ *         self.autoreset = autoreset
+ *         self.pk.use_bin_type = use_bin_type
+ *         if default is not None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             if not PyCallable_Check(default):
+ *                 raise TypeError("default must be a callable.")
+ */
+  __pyx_t_2 = (__pyx_v_default != Py_None);
+  __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_t_2 != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":127
+ *         self.pk.use_bin_type = use_bin_type
+ *         if default is not None:
+ *             if not PyCallable_Check(default):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 raise TypeError("default must be a callable.")
+ *         self._default = default
+ */
+    __pyx_t_1 = ((!(PyCallable_Check(__pyx_v_default) != 0)) != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":128
+ *         if default is not None:
+ *             if not PyCallable_Check(default):
+ *                 raise TypeError("default must be a callable.")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self._default = default
+ * 
+ */
+      __pyx_t_4 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_builtin_TypeError, __pyx_tuple__2, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 128, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_4);
+      __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_4, 0, 0, 0);
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_4); __pyx_t_4 = 0;
+      __PYX_ERR(0, 128, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":127
+ *         self.pk.use_bin_type = use_bin_type
+ *         if default is not None:
+ *             if not PyCallable_Check(default):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 raise TypeError("default must be a callable.")
+ *         self._default = default
+ */
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":126
+ *         self.autoreset = autoreset
+ *         self.pk.use_bin_type = use_bin_type
+ *         if default is not None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             if not PyCallable_Check(default):
+ *                 raise TypeError("default must be a callable.")
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":129
+ *             if not PyCallable_Check(default):
+ *                 raise TypeError("default must be a callable.")
+ *         self._default = default             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *         self._bencoding = encoding
+ */
+  __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_default);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_v_default);
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_v_self->_default);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_v_self->_default);
+  __pyx_v_self->_default = __pyx_v_default;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":131
+ *         self._default = default
+ * 
+ *         self._bencoding = encoding             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if encoding is None:
+ *             if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3:
+ */
+  __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_encoding);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_v_encoding);
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_v_self->_bencoding);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_v_self->_bencoding);
+  __pyx_v_self->_bencoding = __pyx_v_encoding;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":132
+ * 
+ *         self._bencoding = encoding
+ *         if encoding is None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3:
+ *                 self.encoding = 'utf-8'
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_v_encoding == Py_None);
+  __pyx_t_2 = (__pyx_t_1 != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_2) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":133
+ *         self._bencoding = encoding
+ *         if encoding is None:
+ *             if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 self.encoding = 'utf-8'
+ *             else:
+ */
+    __pyx_t_2 = ((PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3) != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_2) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":134
+ *         if encoding is None:
+ *             if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3:
+ *                 self.encoding = 'utf-8'             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             else:
+ *                 self.encoding = NULL
+ */
+      __pyx_v_self->encoding = ((char const *)"utf-8");
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":133
+ *         self._bencoding = encoding
+ *         if encoding is None:
+ *             if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 self.encoding = 'utf-8'
+ *             else:
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L7;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":136
+ *                 self.encoding = 'utf-8'
+ *             else:
+ *                 self.encoding = NULL             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         else:
+ *             self.encoding = self._bencoding
+ */
+    /*else*/ {
+      __pyx_v_self->encoding = NULL;
+    }
+    __pyx_L7:;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":132
+ * 
+ *         self._bencoding = encoding
+ *         if encoding is None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3:
+ *                 self.encoding = 'utf-8'
+ */
+    goto __pyx_L6;
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":138
+ *                 self.encoding = NULL
+ *         else:
+ *             self.encoding = self._bencoding             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *         self._berrors = unicode_errors
+ */
+  /*else*/ {
+    __pyx_t_5 = __Pyx_PyObject_AsString(__pyx_v_self->_bencoding); if (unlikely((!__pyx_t_5) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 138, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_v_self->encoding = __pyx_t_5;
+  }
+  __pyx_L6:;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":140
+ *             self.encoding = self._bencoding
+ * 
+ *         self._berrors = unicode_errors             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if unicode_errors is None:
+ *             self.unicode_errors = NULL
+ */
+  __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_unicode_errors);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_v_unicode_errors);
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_v_self->_berrors);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_v_self->_berrors);
+  __pyx_v_self->_berrors = __pyx_v_unicode_errors;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":141
+ * 
+ *         self._berrors = unicode_errors
+ *         if unicode_errors is None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             self.unicode_errors = NULL
+ *         else:
+ */
+  __pyx_t_2 = (__pyx_v_unicode_errors == Py_None);
+  __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_t_2 != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":142
+ *         self._berrors = unicode_errors
+ *         if unicode_errors is None:
+ *             self.unicode_errors = NULL             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         else:
+ *             self.unicode_errors = self._berrors
+ */
+    __pyx_v_self->unicode_errors = NULL;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":141
+ * 
+ *         self._berrors = unicode_errors
+ *         if unicode_errors is None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             self.unicode_errors = NULL
+ *         else:
+ */
+    goto __pyx_L8;
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":144
+ *             self.unicode_errors = NULL
+ *         else:
+ *             self.unicode_errors = self._berrors             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     def __dealloc__(self):
+ */
+  /*else*/ {
+    __pyx_t_6 = __Pyx_PyObject_AsString(__pyx_v_self->_berrors); if (unlikely((!__pyx_t_6) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 144, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_v_self->unicode_errors = __pyx_t_6;
+  }
+  __pyx_L8:;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":117
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ * 
+ *     def __init__(self, default=None, encoding=None, unicode_errors=None,             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                  bint use_single_float=False, bint autoreset=True, bint use_bin_type=False,
+ *                  bint strict_types=False):
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_r = 0;
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_4);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.__init__", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = -1;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":146
+ *             self.unicode_errors = self._berrors
+ * 
+ *     def __dealloc__(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         PyMem_Free(self.pk.buf)
+ *         self.pk.buf = NULL
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static void __pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_5__dealloc__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self); /*proto*/
+static void __pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_5__dealloc__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self) {
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__dealloc__ (wrapper)", 0);
+  __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_4__dealloc__(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+}
+
+static void __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_4__dealloc__(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self) {
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__dealloc__", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":147
+ * 
+ *     def __dealloc__(self):
+ *         PyMem_Free(self.pk.buf)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self.pk.buf = NULL
+ * 
+ */
+  PyMem_Free(__pyx_v_self->pk.buf);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":148
+ *     def __dealloc__(self):
+ *         PyMem_Free(self.pk.buf)
+ *         self.pk.buf = NULL             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     cdef int _pack(self, object o, int nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT) except -1:
+ */
+  __pyx_v_self->pk.buf = NULL;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":146
+ *             self.unicode_errors = self._berrors
+ * 
+ *     def __dealloc__(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         PyMem_Free(self.pk.buf)
+ *         self.pk.buf = NULL
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":150
+ *         self.pk.buf = NULL
+ * 
+ *     cdef int _pack(self, object o, int nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT) except -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef long long llval
+ *         cdef unsigned long long ullval
+ */
+
+static int __pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_o, struct __pyx_opt_args_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack *__pyx_optional_args) {
+  int __pyx_v_nest_limit = __pyx_k__3;
+  PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_v_llval;
+  unsigned PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_v_ullval;
+  long __pyx_v_longval;
+  float __pyx_v_fval;
+  double __pyx_v_dval;
+  char *__pyx_v_rawval;
+  int __pyx_v_ret;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_d = 0;
+  Py_ssize_t __pyx_v_L;
+  int __pyx_v_default_used;
+  int __pyx_v_strict_types;
+  Py_buffer __pyx_v_view;
+  CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v_oe = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_k = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_v = NULL;
+  int __pyx_r;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  int __pyx_t_1;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_2 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_3 = NULL;
+  int __pyx_t_4;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_5 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_6 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_7 = NULL;
+  unsigned PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_t_8;
+  PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_t_9;
+  int __pyx_t_10;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_11 = NULL;
+  int __pyx_t_12;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_13 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_14 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_15 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_16 = NULL;
+  long __pyx_t_17;
+  float __pyx_t_18;
+  double __pyx_t_19;
+  Py_ssize_t __pyx_t_20;
+  char *__pyx_t_21;
+  Py_ssize_t __pyx_t_22;
+  int __pyx_t_23;
+  struct __pyx_opt_args_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack __pyx_t_24;
+  PyObject *(*__pyx_t_25)(PyObject *);
+  PyObject *(*__pyx_t_26)(PyObject *);
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("_pack", 0);
+  if (__pyx_optional_args) {
+    if (__pyx_optional_args->__pyx_n > 0) {
+      __pyx_v_nest_limit = __pyx_optional_args->nest_limit;
+    }
+  }
+  __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_o);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":160
+ *         cdef dict d
+ *         cdef Py_ssize_t L
+ *         cdef int default_used = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef bint strict_types = self.strict_types
+ *         cdef Py_buffer view
+ */
+  __pyx_v_default_used = 0;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":161
+ *         cdef Py_ssize_t L
+ *         cdef int default_used = 0
+ *         cdef bint strict_types = self.strict_types             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef Py_buffer view
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_v_self->strict_types;
+  __pyx_v_strict_types = __pyx_t_1;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":164
+ *         cdef Py_buffer view
+ * 
+ *         if nest_limit < 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise PackValueError("recursion limit exceeded.")
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = ((__pyx_v_nest_limit < 0) != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":165
+ * 
+ *         if nest_limit < 0:
+ *             raise PackValueError("recursion limit exceeded.")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *         while True:
+ */
+    __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 165, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+    __pyx_t_3 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_tuple__4, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 165, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+    __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+    __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_3, 0, 0, 0);
+    __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+    __PYX_ERR(0, 165, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":164
+ *         cdef Py_buffer view
+ * 
+ *         if nest_limit < 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise PackValueError("recursion limit exceeded.")
+ * 
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":167
+ *             raise PackValueError("recursion limit exceeded.")
+ * 
+ *         while True:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             if o is None:
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_nil(&self.pk)
+ */
+  while (1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":168
+ * 
+ *         while True:
+ *             if o is None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_nil(&self.pk)
+ *             elif PyBool_Check(o) if strict_types else isinstance(o, bool):
+ */
+    __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_v_o == Py_None);
+    __pyx_t_4 = (__pyx_t_1 != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":169
+ *         while True:
+ *             if o is None:
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_nil(&self.pk)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyBool_Check(o) if strict_types else isinstance(o, bool):
+ *                 if o:
+ */
+      __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_nil((&__pyx_v_self->pk));
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":168
+ * 
+ *         while True:
+ *             if o is None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_nil(&self.pk)
+ *             elif PyBool_Check(o) if strict_types else isinstance(o, bool):
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":170
+ *             if o is None:
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_nil(&self.pk)
+ *             elif PyBool_Check(o) if strict_types else isinstance(o, bool):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if o:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_true(&self.pk)
+ */
+    if ((__pyx_v_strict_types != 0)) {
+      __pyx_t_4 = PyBool_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_TypeCheck(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_ptype_7cpython_4bool_bool); 
+      __pyx_t_4 = __pyx_t_1;
+    }
+    __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_t_4 != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":171
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_nil(&self.pk)
+ *             elif PyBool_Check(o) if strict_types else isinstance(o, bool):
+ *                 if o:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_true(&self.pk)
+ *                 else:
+ */
+      __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_1 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 171, __pyx_L1_error)
+      if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":172
+ *             elif PyBool_Check(o) if strict_types else isinstance(o, bool):
+ *                 if o:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_true(&self.pk)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 else:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_false(&self.pk)
+ */
+        __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_true((&__pyx_v_self->pk));
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":171
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_nil(&self.pk)
+ *             elif PyBool_Check(o) if strict_types else isinstance(o, bool):
+ *                 if o:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_true(&self.pk)
+ *                 else:
+ */
+        goto __pyx_L7;
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":174
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_true(&self.pk)
+ *                 else:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_false(&self.pk)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyLong_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyLong_Check(o):
+ *                 # PyInt_Check(long) is True for Python 3.
+ */
+      /*else*/ {
+        __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_false((&__pyx_v_self->pk));
+      }
+      __pyx_L7:;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":170
+ *             if o is None:
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_nil(&self.pk)
+ *             elif PyBool_Check(o) if strict_types else isinstance(o, bool):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if o:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_true(&self.pk)
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":175
+ *                 else:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_false(&self.pk)
+ *             elif PyLong_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyLong_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 # PyInt_Check(long) is True for Python 3.
+ *                 # So we should test long before int.
+ */
+    if ((__pyx_v_strict_types != 0)) {
+      __pyx_t_1 = PyLong_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o);
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_1 = PyLong_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+    }
+    __pyx_t_4 = (__pyx_t_1 != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":178
+ *                 # PyInt_Check(long) is True for Python 3.
+ *                 # So we should test long before int.
+ *                 try:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     if o > 0:
+ *                         ullval = o
+ */
+      {
+        __Pyx_PyThreadState_declare
+        __Pyx_PyThreadState_assign
+        __Pyx_ExceptionSave(&__pyx_t_5, &__pyx_t_6, &__pyx_t_7);
+        __Pyx_XGOTREF(__pyx_t_5);
+        __Pyx_XGOTREF(__pyx_t_6);
+        __Pyx_XGOTREF(__pyx_t_7);
+        /*try:*/ {
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":179
+ *                 # So we should test long before int.
+ *                 try:
+ *                     if o > 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ullval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_unsigned_long_long(&self.pk, ullval)
+ */
+          __pyx_t_3 = PyObject_RichCompare(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_int_0, Py_GT); __Pyx_XGOTREF(__pyx_t_3); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 179, __pyx_L8_error)
+          __pyx_t_4 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_t_3); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_4 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 179, __pyx_L8_error)
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+          if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+            /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":180
+ *                 try:
+ *                     if o > 0:
+ *                         ullval = o             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_unsigned_long_long(&self.pk, ullval)
+ *                     else:
+ */
+            __pyx_t_8 = __Pyx_PyInt_As_unsigned_PY_LONG_LONG(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely((__pyx_t_8 == (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 180, __pyx_L8_error)
+            __pyx_v_ullval = __pyx_t_8;
+
+            /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":181
+ *                     if o > 0:
+ *                         ullval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_unsigned_long_long(&self.pk, ullval)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     else:
+ *                         llval = o
+ */
+            __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_unsigned_long_long((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_ullval);
+
+            /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":179
+ *                 # So we should test long before int.
+ *                 try:
+ *                     if o > 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ullval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_unsigned_long_long(&self.pk, ullval)
+ */
+            goto __pyx_L16;
+          }
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":183
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_unsigned_long_long(&self.pk, ullval)
+ *                     else:
+ *                         llval = o             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_long_long(&self.pk, llval)
+ *                 except OverflowError as oe:
+ */
+          /*else*/ {
+            __pyx_t_9 = __Pyx_PyInt_As_PY_LONG_LONG(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely((__pyx_t_9 == (PY_LONG_LONG)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 183, __pyx_L8_error)
+            __pyx_v_llval = __pyx_t_9;
+
+            /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":184
+ *                     else:
+ *                         llval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_long_long(&self.pk, llval)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 except OverflowError as oe:
+ *                     if not default_used and self._default is not None:
+ */
+            __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_long_long((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_llval);
+          }
+          __pyx_L16:;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":178
+ *                 # PyInt_Check(long) is True for Python 3.
+ *                 # So we should test long before int.
+ *                 try:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     if o > 0:
+ *                         ullval = o
+ */
+        }
+        __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_5); __pyx_t_5 = 0;
+        __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_6); __pyx_t_6 = 0;
+        __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_7); __pyx_t_7 = 0;
+        goto __pyx_L15_try_end;
+        __pyx_L8_error:;
+        __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+        __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":185
+ *                         llval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_long_long(&self.pk, llval)
+ *                 except OverflowError as oe:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     if not default_used and self._default is not None:
+ *                         o = self._default(o)
+ */
+        __pyx_t_10 = __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatches(__pyx_builtin_OverflowError);
+        if (__pyx_t_10) {
+          __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer._pack", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+          if (__Pyx_GetException(&__pyx_t_3, &__pyx_t_2, &__pyx_t_11) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 185, __pyx_L10_except_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+          __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_2);
+          __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(__pyx_v_oe, __pyx_t_2);
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":186
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_long_long(&self.pk, llval)
+ *                 except OverflowError as oe:
+ *                     if not default_used and self._default is not None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         o = self._default(o)
+ *                         default_used = True
+ */
+          __pyx_t_1 = ((!(__pyx_v_default_used != 0)) != 0);
+          if (__pyx_t_1) {
+          } else {
+            __pyx_t_4 = __pyx_t_1;
+            goto __pyx_L20_bool_binop_done;
+          }
+          __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_v_self->_default != Py_None);
+          __pyx_t_12 = (__pyx_t_1 != 0);
+          __pyx_t_4 = __pyx_t_12;
+          __pyx_L20_bool_binop_done:;
+          if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+            /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":187
+ *                 except OverflowError as oe:
+ *                     if not default_used and self._default is not None:
+ *                         o = self._default(o)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         default_used = True
+ *                         continue
+ */
+            __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_self->_default);
+            __pyx_t_14 = __pyx_v_self->_default; __pyx_t_15 = NULL;
+            if (CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS && likely(PyMethod_Check(__pyx_t_14))) {
+              __pyx_t_15 = PyMethod_GET_SELF(__pyx_t_14);
+              if (likely(__pyx_t_15)) {
+                PyObject* function = PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION(__pyx_t_14);
+                __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_15);
+                __Pyx_INCREF(function);
+                __Pyx_DECREF_SET(__pyx_t_14, function);
+              }
+            }
+            if (!__pyx_t_15) {
+              __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(__pyx_t_14, __pyx_v_o); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 187, __pyx_L10_except_error)
+              __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+            } else {
+              #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+              if (PyFunction_Check(__pyx_t_14)) {
+                PyObject *__pyx_temp[2] = {__pyx_t_15, __pyx_v_o};
+                __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCall(__pyx_t_14, __pyx_temp+1-1, 1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 187, __pyx_L10_except_error)
+                __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_15); __pyx_t_15 = 0;
+                __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+              } else
+              #endif
+              #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL
+              if (__Pyx_PyFastCFunction_Check(__pyx_t_14)) {
+                PyObject *__pyx_temp[2] = {__pyx_t_15, __pyx_v_o};
+                __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyCFunction_FastCall(__pyx_t_14, __pyx_temp+1-1, 1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 187, __pyx_L10_except_error)
+                __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_15); __pyx_t_15 = 0;
+                __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+              } else
+              #endif
+              {
+                __pyx_t_16 = PyTuple_New(1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_16)) __PYX_ERR(0, 187, __pyx_L10_except_error)
+                __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_16);
+                __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_t_15); PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_16, 0, __pyx_t_15); __pyx_t_15 = NULL;
+                __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_o);
+                __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_v_o);
+                PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_16, 0+1, __pyx_v_o);
+                __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_14, __pyx_t_16, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 187, __pyx_L10_except_error)
+                __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+                __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_16); __pyx_t_16 = 0;
+              }
+            }
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_14); __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+            __Pyx_DECREF_SET(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_t_13);
+            __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+
+            /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":188
+ *                     if not default_used and self._default is not None:
+ *                         o = self._default(o)
+ *                         default_used = True             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         continue
+ *                     else:
+ */
+            __pyx_v_default_used = 1;
+
+            /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":189
+ *                         o = self._default(o)
+ *                         default_used = True
+ *                         continue             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     else:
+ *                         raise PackOverflowError("Integer value out of range")
+ */
+            goto __pyx_L18_except_continue;
+
+            /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":186
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_long_long(&self.pk, llval)
+ *                 except OverflowError as oe:
+ *                     if not default_used and self._default is not None:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         o = self._default(o)
+ *                         default_used = True
+ */
+          }
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":191
+ *                         continue
+ *                     else:
+ *                         raise PackOverflowError("Integer value out of range")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyInt_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyInt_Check(o):
+ *                 longval = o
+ */
+          /*else*/ {
+            __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackOverflowError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 191, __pyx_L10_except_error)
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+            __pyx_t_14 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_13, __pyx_tuple__5, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_14)) __PYX_ERR(0, 191, __pyx_L10_except_error)
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_14);
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+            __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_14, 0, 0, 0);
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_14); __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+            __PYX_ERR(0, 191, __pyx_L10_except_error)
+          }
+          __pyx_L18_except_continue:;
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_11); __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+          goto __pyx_L14_try_continue;
+        }
+        goto __pyx_L10_except_error;
+        __pyx_L10_except_error:;
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":178
+ *                 # PyInt_Check(long) is True for Python 3.
+ *                 # So we should test long before int.
+ *                 try:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     if o > 0:
+ *                         ullval = o
+ */
+        __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_5);
+        __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_6);
+        __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_7);
+        __Pyx_ExceptionReset(__pyx_t_5, __pyx_t_6, __pyx_t_7);
+        goto __pyx_L1_error;
+        __pyx_L14_try_continue:;
+        __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_5);
+        __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_6);
+        __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_7);
+        __Pyx_ExceptionReset(__pyx_t_5, __pyx_t_6, __pyx_t_7);
+        goto __pyx_L4_continue;
+        __pyx_L15_try_end:;
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":175
+ *                 else:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_false(&self.pk)
+ *             elif PyLong_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyLong_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 # PyInt_Check(long) is True for Python 3.
+ *                 # So we should test long before int.
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":192
+ *                     else:
+ *                         raise PackOverflowError("Integer value out of range")
+ *             elif PyInt_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyInt_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 longval = o
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_long(&self.pk, longval)
+ */
+    if ((__pyx_v_strict_types != 0)) {
+      __pyx_t_4 = PyInt_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o);
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_4 = PyInt_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+    }
+    __pyx_t_12 = (__pyx_t_4 != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":193
+ *                         raise PackOverflowError("Integer value out of range")
+ *             elif PyInt_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyInt_Check(o):
+ *                 longval = o             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_long(&self.pk, longval)
+ *             elif PyFloat_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyFloat_Check(o):
+ */
+      __pyx_t_17 = __Pyx_PyInt_As_long(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely((__pyx_t_17 == (long)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 193, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_v_longval = __pyx_t_17;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":194
+ *             elif PyInt_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyInt_Check(o):
+ *                 longval = o
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_long(&self.pk, longval)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyFloat_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyFloat_Check(o):
+ *                 if self.use_float:
+ */
+      __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_long((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_longval);
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":192
+ *                     else:
+ *                         raise PackOverflowError("Integer value out of range")
+ *             elif PyInt_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyInt_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 longval = o
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_long(&self.pk, longval)
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":195
+ *                 longval = o
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_long(&self.pk, longval)
+ *             elif PyFloat_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyFloat_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if self.use_float:
+ *                    fval = o
+ */
+    if ((__pyx_v_strict_types != 0)) {
+      __pyx_t_12 = PyFloat_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o);
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_12 = PyFloat_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+    }
+    __pyx_t_4 = (__pyx_t_12 != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":196
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_long(&self.pk, longval)
+ *             elif PyFloat_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyFloat_Check(o):
+ *                 if self.use_float:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                    fval = o
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_float(&self.pk, fval)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_4 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(((PyObject *)__pyx_v_self->use_float)); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_4 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 196, __pyx_L1_error)
+      if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":197
+ *             elif PyFloat_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyFloat_Check(o):
+ *                 if self.use_float:
+ *                    fval = o             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_float(&self.pk, fval)
+ *                 else:
+ */
+        __pyx_t_18 = __pyx_PyFloat_AsFloat(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely((__pyx_t_18 == (float)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 197, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __pyx_v_fval = __pyx_t_18;
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":198
+ *                 if self.use_float:
+ *                    fval = o
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_float(&self.pk, fval)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 else:
+ *                    dval = o
+ */
+        __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_float((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_fval);
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":196
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_long(&self.pk, longval)
+ *             elif PyFloat_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyFloat_Check(o):
+ *                 if self.use_float:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                    fval = o
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_float(&self.pk, fval)
+ */
+        goto __pyx_L22;
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":200
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_float(&self.pk, fval)
+ *                 else:
+ *                    dval = o             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_double(&self.pk, dval)
+ *             elif PyBytesLike_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyBytesLike_Check(o):
+ */
+      /*else*/ {
+        __pyx_t_19 = __pyx_PyFloat_AsDouble(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely((__pyx_t_19 == (double)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 200, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __pyx_v_dval = __pyx_t_19;
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":201
+ *                 else:
+ *                    dval = o
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_double(&self.pk, dval)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyBytesLike_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyBytesLike_Check(o):
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ */
+        __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_double((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_dval);
+      }
+      __pyx_L22:;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":195
+ *                 longval = o
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_long(&self.pk, longval)
+ *             elif PyFloat_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyFloat_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if self.use_float:
+ *                    fval = o
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":202
+ *                    dval = o
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_double(&self.pk, dval)
+ *             elif PyBytesLike_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyBytesLike_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+    if ((__pyx_v_strict_types != 0)) {
+      __pyx_t_10 = __pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_PyBytesLike_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o);
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_10 = __pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_PyBytesLike_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+    }
+    __pyx_t_4 = (__pyx_t_10 != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":203
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_double(&self.pk, dval)
+ *             elif PyBytesLike_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyBytesLike_Check(o):
+ *                 L = len(o)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("%s is too large" % type(o).__name__)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_20 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_20 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 203, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_v_L = __pyx_t_20;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":204
+ *             elif PyBytesLike_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyBytesLike_Check(o):
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("%s is too large" % type(o).__name__)
+ *                 rawval = o
+ */
+      __pyx_t_4 = ((__pyx_v_L > __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":205
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("%s is too large" % type(o).__name__)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 rawval = o
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __pyx_t_3 = PyTuple_New(1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+        __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_o);
+        __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_v_o);
+        PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_3, 0, __pyx_v_o);
+        __pyx_t_14 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_7cpython_4type_type), __pyx_t_3, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_14)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_14);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_3 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_t_14, __pyx_n_s_name); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_14); __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_14 = __Pyx_PyString_Format(__pyx_kp_s_s_is_too_large, __pyx_t_3); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_14)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_14);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_3 = NULL;
+        if (CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS && unlikely(PyMethod_Check(__pyx_t_2))) {
+          __pyx_t_3 = PyMethod_GET_SELF(__pyx_t_2);
+          if (likely(__pyx_t_3)) {
+            PyObject* function = PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION(__pyx_t_2);
+            __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_3);
+            __Pyx_INCREF(function);
+            __Pyx_DECREF_SET(__pyx_t_2, function);
+          }
+        }
+        if (!__pyx_t_3) {
+          __pyx_t_11 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_14); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_14); __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+        } else {
+          #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+          if (PyFunction_Check(__pyx_t_2)) {
+            PyObject *__pyx_temp[2] = {__pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_14};
+            __pyx_t_11 = __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCall(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_temp+1-1, 1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+            __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_14); __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+          } else
+          #endif
+          #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL
+          if (__Pyx_PyFastCFunction_Check(__pyx_t_2)) {
+            PyObject *__pyx_temp[2] = {__pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_14};
+            __pyx_t_11 = __Pyx_PyCFunction_FastCall(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_temp+1-1, 1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+            __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_14); __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+          } else
+          #endif
+          {
+            __pyx_t_13 = PyTuple_New(1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+            __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_t_3); PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_13, 0, __pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = NULL;
+            __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_t_14);
+            PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_13, 0+1, __pyx_t_14);
+            __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+            __pyx_t_11 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_13, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+          }
+        }
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+        __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_11, 0, 0, 0);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_11); __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __PYX_ERR(0, 205, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":204
+ *             elif PyBytesLike_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyBytesLike_Check(o):
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("%s is too large" % type(o).__name__)
+ *                 rawval = o
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":206
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("%s is too large" % type(o).__name__)
+ *                 rawval = o             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ */
+      __pyx_t_21 = __Pyx_PyObject_AsWritableString(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely((!__pyx_t_21) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 206, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_v_rawval = __pyx_t_21;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":207
+ *                     raise PackValueError("%s is too large" % type(o).__name__)
+ *                 rawval = o
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ */
+      __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_bin((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_L);
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":208
+ *                 rawval = o
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyUnicode_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyUnicode_Check(o):
+ */
+      __pyx_t_4 = ((__pyx_v_ret == 0) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":209
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyUnicode_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyUnicode_Check(o):
+ *                 if self.encoding == NULL and self.unicode_errors == NULL:
+ */
+        __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_rawval, __pyx_v_L);
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":208
+ *                 rawval = o
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyUnicode_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyUnicode_Check(o):
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":202
+ *                    dval = o
+ *                    ret = msgpack_pack_double(&self.pk, dval)
+ *             elif PyBytesLike_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyBytesLike_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":210
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyUnicode_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyUnicode_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if self.encoding == NULL and self.unicode_errors == NULL:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);
+ */
+    if ((__pyx_v_strict_types != 0)) {
+      __pyx_t_4 = PyUnicode_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o);
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_4 = PyUnicode_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+    }
+    __pyx_t_12 = (__pyx_t_4 != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":211
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyUnicode_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyUnicode_Check(o):
+ *                 if self.encoding == NULL and self.unicode_errors == NULL:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);
+ *                     if ret == -2:
+ */
+      __pyx_t_4 = ((__pyx_v_self->encoding == NULL) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_4) {
+      } else {
+        __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_4;
+        goto __pyx_L26_bool_binop_done;
+      }
+      __pyx_t_4 = ((__pyx_v_self->unicode_errors == NULL) != 0);
+      __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_4;
+      __pyx_L26_bool_binop_done:;
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":212
+ *             elif PyUnicode_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyUnicode_Check(o):
+ *                 if self.encoding == NULL and self.unicode_errors == NULL:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     if ret == -2:
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ */
+        __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_unicode((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_o, __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT);
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":213
+ *                 if self.encoding == NULL and self.unicode_errors == NULL:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);
+ *                     if ret == -2:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ *                 else:
+ */
+        __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret == -2L) != 0);
+        if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":214
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);
+ *                     if ret == -2:
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 else:
+ *                     o = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(o, self.encoding, self.unicode_errors)
+ */
+          __pyx_t_11 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 214, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+          __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_11, __pyx_tuple__6, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 214, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_11); __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+          __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_2, 0, 0, 0);
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 214, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":213
+ *                 if self.encoding == NULL and self.unicode_errors == NULL:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);
+ *                     if ret == -2:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ *                 else:
+ */
+        }
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":211
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyUnicode_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyUnicode_Check(o):
+ *                 if self.encoding == NULL and self.unicode_errors == NULL:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);
+ *                     if ret == -2:
+ */
+        goto __pyx_L25;
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":216
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ *                 else:
+ *                     o = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(o, self.encoding, self.unicode_errors)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     L = len(o)
+ *                     if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+      /*else*/ {
+        __pyx_t_2 = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_v_self->encoding, __pyx_v_self->unicode_errors); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 216, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __Pyx_DECREF_SET(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_t_2);
+        __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":217
+ *                 else:
+ *                     o = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(o, self.encoding, self.unicode_errors)
+ *                     L = len(o)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ */
+        __pyx_t_20 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_20 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 217, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __pyx_v_L = __pyx_t_20;
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":218
+ *                     o = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(o, self.encoding, self.unicode_errors)
+ *                     L = len(o)
+ *                     if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+        __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_L > __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT) != 0);
+        if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":219
+ *                     L = len(o)
+ *                     if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw(&self.pk, L)
+ *                     if ret == 0:
+ */
+          __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 219, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+          __pyx_t_11 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_tuple__7, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 219, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+          __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_11, 0, 0, 0);
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_11); __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 219, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":218
+ *                     o = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(o, self.encoding, self.unicode_errors)
+ *                     L = len(o)
+ *                     if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+        }
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":220
+ *                     if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw(&self.pk, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     if ret == 0:
+ *                         rawval = o
+ */
+        __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_raw((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_L);
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":221
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw(&self.pk, L)
+ *                     if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         rawval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ */
+        __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret == 0) != 0);
+        if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":222
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw(&self.pk, L)
+ *                     if ret == 0:
+ *                         rawval = o             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyDict_CheckExact(o):
+ */
+          __pyx_t_21 = __Pyx_PyObject_AsWritableString(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely((!__pyx_t_21) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 222, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __pyx_v_rawval = __pyx_t_21;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":223
+ *                     if ret == 0:
+ *                         rawval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyDict_CheckExact(o):
+ *                 d = <dict>o
+ */
+          __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_rawval, __pyx_v_L);
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":221
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw(&self.pk, L)
+ *                     if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         rawval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ */
+        }
+      }
+      __pyx_L25:;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":210
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyUnicode_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyUnicode_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if self.encoding == NULL and self.unicode_errors == NULL:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":224
+ *                         rawval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyDict_CheckExact(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 d = <dict>o
+ *                 L = len(d)
+ */
+    __pyx_t_12 = (PyDict_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o) != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":225
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyDict_CheckExact(o):
+ *                 d = <dict>o             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = len(d)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+      __pyx_t_11 = __pyx_v_o;
+      __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_11);
+      __pyx_v_d = ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_11);
+      __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":226
+ *             elif PyDict_CheckExact(o):
+ *                 d = <dict>o
+ *                 L = len(d)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ */
+      if (unlikely(__pyx_v_d == Py_None)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "object of type 'NoneType' has no len()");
+        __PYX_ERR(0, 226, __pyx_L1_error)
+      }
+      __pyx_t_20 = PyDict_Size(__pyx_v_d); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_20 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 226, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_v_L = __pyx_t_20;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":227
+ *                 d = <dict>o
+ *                 L = len(d)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_L > __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":228
+ *                 L = len(d)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ */
+        __pyx_t_11 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 228, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_11, __pyx_tuple__8, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 228, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_11); __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_2, 0, 0, 0);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+        __PYX_ERR(0, 228, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":227
+ *                 d = <dict>o
+ *                 L = len(d)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":229
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for k, v in d.iteritems():
+ */
+      __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_map((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_L);
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":230
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     for k, v in d.iteritems():
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret == 0) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":231
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for k, v in d.iteritems():             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ */
+        __pyx_t_20 = 0;
+        if (unlikely(__pyx_v_d == Py_None)) {
+          PyErr_Format(PyExc_AttributeError, "'NoneType' object has no attribute '%.30s'", "iteritems");
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 231, __pyx_L1_error)
+        }
+        __pyx_t_11 = __Pyx_dict_iterator(__pyx_v_d, 1, __pyx_n_s_iteritems, (&__pyx_t_22), (&__pyx_t_10)); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 231, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+        __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_t_11;
+        __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        while (1) {
+          __pyx_t_23 = __Pyx_dict_iter_next(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_22, &__pyx_t_20, &__pyx_t_11, &__pyx_t_13, NULL, __pyx_t_10);
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_23 == 0)) break;
+          if (unlikely(__pyx_t_23 == -1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 231, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+          __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(__pyx_v_k, __pyx_t_11);
+          __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+          __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(__pyx_v_v, __pyx_t_13);
+          __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":232
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for k, v in d.iteritems():
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ */
+          __pyx_t_24.__pyx_n = 1;
+          __pyx_t_24.nest_limit = (__pyx_v_nest_limit - 1);
+          __pyx_t_23 = ((struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx_vtab)->_pack(__pyx_v_self, __pyx_v_k, &__pyx_t_24); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_23 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 232, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __pyx_v_ret = __pyx_t_23;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":233
+ *                     for k, v in d.iteritems():
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ */
+          __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret != 0) != 0);
+          if (__pyx_t_12) {
+            goto __pyx_L34_break;
+          }
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":234
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif not strict_types and PyDict_Check(o):
+ */
+          __pyx_t_24.__pyx_n = 1;
+          __pyx_t_24.nest_limit = (__pyx_v_nest_limit - 1);
+          __pyx_t_23 = ((struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx_vtab)->_pack(__pyx_v_self, __pyx_v_v, &__pyx_t_24); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_23 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 234, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __pyx_v_ret = __pyx_t_23;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":235
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif not strict_types and PyDict_Check(o):
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ */
+          __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret != 0) != 0);
+          if (__pyx_t_12) {
+            goto __pyx_L34_break;
+          }
+        }
+        __pyx_L34_break:;
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":230
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     for k, v in d.iteritems():
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":224
+ *                         rawval = o
+ *                         ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyDict_CheckExact(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 d = <dict>o
+ *                 L = len(d)
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":236
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif not strict_types and PyDict_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+    __pyx_t_4 = ((!(__pyx_v_strict_types != 0)) != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_4) {
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_4;
+      goto __pyx_L37_bool_binop_done;
+    }
+    __pyx_t_4 = (PyDict_Check(__pyx_v_o) != 0);
+    __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_4;
+    __pyx_L37_bool_binop_done:;
+    if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":237
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif not strict_types and PyDict_Check(o):
+ *                 L = len(o)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ */
+      __pyx_t_22 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_22 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 237, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_v_L = __pyx_t_22;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":238
+ *             elif not strict_types and PyDict_Check(o):
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_L > __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":239
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ */
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 239, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_tuple__9, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 239, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+        __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_13, 0, 0, 0);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        __PYX_ERR(0, 239, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":238
+ *             elif not strict_types and PyDict_Check(o):
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":240
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for k, v in o.items():
+ */
+      __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_map((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_L);
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":241
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     for k, v in o.items():
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret == 0) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":242
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for k, v in o.items():             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ */
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_n_s_items); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __pyx_t_11 = NULL;
+        if (CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS && likely(PyMethod_Check(__pyx_t_2))) {
+          __pyx_t_11 = PyMethod_GET_SELF(__pyx_t_2);
+          if (likely(__pyx_t_11)) {
+            PyObject* function = PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION(__pyx_t_2);
+            __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_11);
+            __Pyx_INCREF(function);
+            __Pyx_DECREF_SET(__pyx_t_2, function);
+          }
+        }
+        if (__pyx_t_11) {
+          __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_11); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_11); __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        } else {
+          __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallNoArg(__pyx_t_2); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+        }
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+        if (likely(PyList_CheckExact(__pyx_t_13)) || PyTuple_CheckExact(__pyx_t_13)) {
+          __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_t_13; __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_22 = 0;
+          __pyx_t_25 = NULL;
+        } else {
+          __pyx_t_22 = -1; __pyx_t_2 = PyObject_GetIter(__pyx_t_13); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+          __pyx_t_25 = Py_TYPE(__pyx_t_2)->tp_iternext; if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_25)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+        }
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        for (;;) {
+          if (likely(!__pyx_t_25)) {
+            if (likely(PyList_CheckExact(__pyx_t_2))) {
+              if (__pyx_t_22 >= PyList_GET_SIZE(__pyx_t_2)) break;
+              #if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS && !CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+              __pyx_t_13 = PyList_GET_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_22); __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_22++; if (unlikely(0 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+              #else
+              __pyx_t_13 = PySequence_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_22); __pyx_t_22++; if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+              __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+              #endif
+            } else {
+              if (__pyx_t_22 >= PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_t_2)) break;
+              #if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS && !CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+              __pyx_t_13 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_22); __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_22++; if (unlikely(0 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+              #else
+              __pyx_t_13 = PySequence_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_22); __pyx_t_22++; if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+              __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+              #endif
+            }
+          } else {
+            __pyx_t_13 = __pyx_t_25(__pyx_t_2);
+            if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) {
+              PyObject* exc_type = PyErr_Occurred();
+              if (exc_type) {
+                if (likely(__Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc_type, PyExc_StopIteration))) PyErr_Clear();
+                else __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+              }
+              break;
+            }
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+          }
+          if ((likely(PyTuple_CheckExact(__pyx_t_13))) || (PyList_CheckExact(__pyx_t_13))) {
+            PyObject* sequence = __pyx_t_13;
+            #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+            Py_ssize_t size = Py_SIZE(sequence);
+            #else
+            Py_ssize_t size = PySequence_Size(sequence);
+            #endif
+            if (unlikely(size != 2)) {
+              if (size > 2) __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(2);
+              else if (size >= 0) __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(size);
+              __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+            }
+            #if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS && !CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+            if (likely(PyTuple_CheckExact(sequence))) {
+              __pyx_t_11 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(sequence, 0); 
+              __pyx_t_14 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(sequence, 1); 
+            } else {
+              __pyx_t_11 = PyList_GET_ITEM(sequence, 0); 
+              __pyx_t_14 = PyList_GET_ITEM(sequence, 1); 
+            }
+            __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_11);
+            __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_14);
+            #else
+            __pyx_t_11 = PySequence_ITEM(sequence, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+            __pyx_t_14 = PySequence_ITEM(sequence, 1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_14)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_14);
+            #endif
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+          } else {
+            Py_ssize_t index = -1;
+            __pyx_t_3 = PyObject_GetIter(__pyx_t_13); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+            __pyx_t_26 = Py_TYPE(__pyx_t_3)->tp_iternext;
+            index = 0; __pyx_t_11 = __pyx_t_26(__pyx_t_3); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) goto __pyx_L43_unpacking_failed;
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+            index = 1; __pyx_t_14 = __pyx_t_26(__pyx_t_3); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_14)) goto __pyx_L43_unpacking_failed;
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_14);
+            if (__Pyx_IternextUnpackEndCheck(__pyx_t_26(__pyx_t_3), 2) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+            __pyx_t_26 = NULL;
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+            goto __pyx_L44_unpacking_done;
+            __pyx_L43_unpacking_failed:;
+            __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+            __pyx_t_26 = NULL;
+            if (__Pyx_IterFinish() == 0) __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(index);
+            __PYX_ERR(0, 242, __pyx_L1_error)
+            __pyx_L44_unpacking_done:;
+          }
+          __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(__pyx_v_k, __pyx_t_11);
+          __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+          __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(__pyx_v_v, __pyx_t_14);
+          __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":243
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for k, v in o.items():
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ */
+          __pyx_t_24.__pyx_n = 1;
+          __pyx_t_24.nest_limit = (__pyx_v_nest_limit - 1);
+          __pyx_t_10 = ((struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx_vtab)->_pack(__pyx_v_self, __pyx_v_k, &__pyx_t_24); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 243, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __pyx_v_ret = __pyx_t_10;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":244
+ *                     for k, v in o.items():
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ */
+          __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret != 0) != 0);
+          if (__pyx_t_12) {
+            goto __pyx_L42_break;
+          }
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":245
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif type(o) is ExtType if strict_types else isinstance(o, ExtType):
+ */
+          __pyx_t_24.__pyx_n = 1;
+          __pyx_t_24.nest_limit = (__pyx_v_nest_limit - 1);
+          __pyx_t_10 = ((struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx_vtab)->_pack(__pyx_v_self, __pyx_v_v, &__pyx_t_24); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 245, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __pyx_v_ret = __pyx_t_10;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":246
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif type(o) is ExtType if strict_types else isinstance(o, ExtType):
+ *                 # This should be before Tuple because ExtType is namedtuple.
+ */
+          __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret != 0) != 0);
+          if (__pyx_t_12) {
+            goto __pyx_L42_break;
+          }
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":242
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for k, v in o.items():             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ */
+        }
+        __pyx_L42_break:;
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":241
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     for k, v in o.items():
+ *                         ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":236
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif not strict_types and PyDict_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":247
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif type(o) is ExtType if strict_types else isinstance(o, ExtType):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 # This should be before Tuple because ExtType is namedtuple.
+ *                 longval = o.code
+ */
+    if ((__pyx_v_strict_types != 0)) {
+      __pyx_t_2 = PyTuple_New(1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 247, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_o);
+      __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_v_o);
+      PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, 0, __pyx_v_o);
+      __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(((PyObject *)__pyx_ptype_7cpython_4type_type), __pyx_t_2, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 247, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+      __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_ExtType); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 247, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __pyx_t_4 = (__pyx_t_13 == __pyx_t_2);
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+      __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_4;
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_ExtType); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 247, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __pyx_t_4 = PyObject_IsInstance(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_t_2); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_4 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 247, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+      __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_4;
+    }
+    __pyx_t_4 = (__pyx_t_12 != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":249
+ *             elif type(o) is ExtType if strict_types else isinstance(o, ExtType):
+ *                 # This should be before Tuple because ExtType is namedtuple.
+ *                 longval = o.code             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 rawval = o.data
+ *                 L = len(o.data)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_n_s_code); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 249, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __pyx_t_17 = __Pyx_PyInt_As_long(__pyx_t_2); if (unlikely((__pyx_t_17 == (long)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 249, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+      __pyx_v_longval = __pyx_t_17;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":250
+ *                 # This should be before Tuple because ExtType is namedtuple.
+ *                 longval = o.code
+ *                 rawval = o.data             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = len(o.data)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+      __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_n_s_data); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 250, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __pyx_t_21 = __Pyx_PyObject_AsWritableString(__pyx_t_2); if (unlikely((!__pyx_t_21) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 250, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_v_rawval = __pyx_t_21;
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":251
+ *                 longval = o.code
+ *                 rawval = o.data
+ *                 L = len(o.data)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("EXT data is too large")
+ */
+      __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_n_s_data); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 251, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __pyx_t_22 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_t_2); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_22 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 251, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+      __pyx_v_L = __pyx_t_22;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":252
+ *                 rawval = o.data
+ *                 L = len(o.data)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("EXT data is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, longval, L)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_4 = ((__pyx_v_L > __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_4) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":253
+ *                 L = len(o.data)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("EXT data is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, longval, L)
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ */
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 253, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_tuple__10, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 253, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+        __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_13, 0, 0, 0);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        __PYX_ERR(0, 253, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":252
+ *                 rawval = o.data
+ *                 L = len(o.data)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("EXT data is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, longval, L)
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":254
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("EXT data is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, longval, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyList_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else (PyTuple_Check(o) or PyList_Check(o)):
+ */
+      __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_ext((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_longval, __pyx_v_L);
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":255
+ *                     raise PackValueError("EXT data is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, longval, L)
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyList_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else (PyTuple_Check(o) or PyList_Check(o)):
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ */
+      __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_rawval, __pyx_v_L);
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":247
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif type(o) is ExtType if strict_types else isinstance(o, ExtType):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 # This should be before Tuple because ExtType is namedtuple.
+ *                 longval = o.code
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":256
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, longval, L)
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyList_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else (PyTuple_Check(o) or PyList_Check(o)):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+    if ((__pyx_v_strict_types != 0)) {
+      __pyx_t_4 = PyList_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o);
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_1 = PyTuple_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+      if (!__pyx_t_1) {
+      } else {
+        __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_1;
+        goto __pyx_L48_bool_binop_done;
+      }
+      __pyx_t_1 = PyList_Check(__pyx_v_o);
+      __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_1;
+      __pyx_L48_bool_binop_done:;
+      __pyx_t_4 = __pyx_t_12;
+    }
+    __pyx_t_12 = (__pyx_t_4 != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":257
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyList_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else (PyTuple_Check(o) or PyList_Check(o)):
+ *                 L = len(o)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("list is too large")
+ */
+      __pyx_t_22 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_22 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 257, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_v_L = __pyx_t_22;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":258
+ *             elif PyList_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else (PyTuple_Check(o) or PyList_Check(o)):
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("list is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_L > __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":259
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("list is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ */
+        __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 259, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_13, __pyx_tuple__11, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 259, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_2, 0, 0, 0);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+        __PYX_ERR(0, 259, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":258
+ *             elif PyList_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else (PyTuple_Check(o) or PyList_Check(o)):
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("list is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":260
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("list is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for v in o:
+ */
+      __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_array((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_L);
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":261
+ *                     raise PackValueError("list is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     for v in o:
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret == 0) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":262
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for v in o:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ */
+        if (likely(PyList_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o)) || PyTuple_CheckExact(__pyx_v_o)) {
+          __pyx_t_2 = __pyx_v_o; __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_22 = 0;
+          __pyx_t_25 = NULL;
+        } else {
+          __pyx_t_22 = -1; __pyx_t_2 = PyObject_GetIter(__pyx_v_o); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 262, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+          __pyx_t_25 = Py_TYPE(__pyx_t_2)->tp_iternext; if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_25)) __PYX_ERR(0, 262, __pyx_L1_error)
+        }
+        for (;;) {
+          if (likely(!__pyx_t_25)) {
+            if (likely(PyList_CheckExact(__pyx_t_2))) {
+              if (__pyx_t_22 >= PyList_GET_SIZE(__pyx_t_2)) break;
+              #if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS && !CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+              __pyx_t_13 = PyList_GET_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_22); __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_22++; if (unlikely(0 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 262, __pyx_L1_error)
+              #else
+              __pyx_t_13 = PySequence_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_22); __pyx_t_22++; if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 262, __pyx_L1_error)
+              __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+              #endif
+            } else {
+              if (__pyx_t_22 >= PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_t_2)) break;
+              #if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS && !CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+              __pyx_t_13 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_22); __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_22++; if (unlikely(0 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 262, __pyx_L1_error)
+              #else
+              __pyx_t_13 = PySequence_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_22); __pyx_t_22++; if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 262, __pyx_L1_error)
+              __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+              #endif
+            }
+          } else {
+            __pyx_t_13 = __pyx_t_25(__pyx_t_2);
+            if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) {
+              PyObject* exc_type = PyErr_Occurred();
+              if (exc_type) {
+                if (likely(__Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc_type, PyExc_StopIteration))) PyErr_Clear();
+                else __PYX_ERR(0, 262, __pyx_L1_error)
+              }
+              break;
+            }
+            __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+          }
+          __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(__pyx_v_v, __pyx_t_13);
+          __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":263
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for v in o:
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif PyMemoryView_Check(o):
+ */
+          __pyx_t_24.__pyx_n = 1;
+          __pyx_t_24.nest_limit = (__pyx_v_nest_limit - 1);
+          __pyx_t_10 = ((struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx_vtab)->_pack(__pyx_v_self, __pyx_v_v, &__pyx_t_24); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 263, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __pyx_v_ret = __pyx_t_10;
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":264
+ *                     for v in o:
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyMemoryView_Check(o):
+ *                 if PyObject_GetBuffer(o, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0:
+ */
+          __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret != 0) != 0);
+          if (__pyx_t_12) {
+            goto __pyx_L53_break;
+          }
+
+          /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":262
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     for v in o:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ */
+        }
+        __pyx_L53_break:;
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":261
+ *                     raise PackValueError("list is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     for v in o:
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":256
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, longval, L)
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ *             elif PyList_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else (PyTuple_Check(o) or PyList_Check(o)):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":265
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif PyMemoryView_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if PyObject_GetBuffer(o, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")
+ */
+    __pyx_t_12 = (PyMemoryView_Check(__pyx_v_o) != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":266
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif PyMemoryView_Check(o):
+ *                 if PyObject_GetBuffer(o, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")
+ *                 L = view.len
+ */
+      __pyx_t_10 = PyObject_GetBuffer(__pyx_v_o, (&__pyx_v_view), PyBUF_SIMPLE); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 266, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_t_10 != 0) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":267
+ *             elif PyMemoryView_Check(o):
+ *                 if PyObject_GetBuffer(o, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = view.len
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 267, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_tuple__12, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 267, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+        __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_13, 0, 0, 0);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        __PYX_ERR(0, 267, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":266
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif PyMemoryView_Check(o):
+ *                 if PyObject_GetBuffer(o, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")
+ *                 L = view.len
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":268
+ *                 if PyObject_GetBuffer(o, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")
+ *                 L = view.len             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ */
+      __pyx_t_22 = __pyx_v_view.len;
+      __pyx_v_L = __pyx_t_22;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":269
+ *                     raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")
+ *                 L = view.len
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ *                     raise PackValueError("memoryview is too large")
+ */
+      __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_L > __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":270
+ *                 L = view.len
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     PyBuffer_Release(&view);             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     raise PackValueError("memoryview is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ */
+        PyBuffer_Release((&__pyx_v_view));
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":271
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ *                     raise PackValueError("memoryview is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ */
+        __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 271, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_13, __pyx_tuple__13, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 271, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+        __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_2, 0, 0, 0);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+        __PYX_ERR(0, 271, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":269
+ *                     raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")
+ *                 L = view.len
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ *                     raise PackValueError("memoryview is too large")
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":272
+ *                     PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ *                     raise PackValueError("memoryview is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, <char*>view.buf, L)
+ */
+      __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_bin((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_L);
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":273
+ *                     raise PackValueError("memoryview is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, <char*>view.buf, L)
+ *                 PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ */
+      __pyx_t_12 = ((__pyx_v_ret == 0) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":274
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, <char*>view.buf, L)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ *             elif not default_used and self._default:
+ */
+        __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body((&__pyx_v_self->pk), ((char *)__pyx_v_view.buf), __pyx_v_L);
+
+        /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":273
+ *                     raise PackValueError("memoryview is too large")
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, <char*>view.buf, L)
+ *                 PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ */
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":275
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, <char*>view.buf, L)
+ *                 PyBuffer_Release(&view);             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif not default_used and self._default:
+ *                 o = self._default(o)
+ */
+      PyBuffer_Release((&__pyx_v_view));
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":265
+ *                         ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+ *                         if ret != 0: break
+ *             elif PyMemoryView_Check(o):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if PyObject_GetBuffer(o, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L6;
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":276
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, <char*>view.buf, L)
+ *                 PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ *             elif not default_used and self._default:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 o = self._default(o)
+ *                 default_used = 1
+ */
+    __pyx_t_4 = ((!(__pyx_v_default_used != 0)) != 0);
+    if (__pyx_t_4) {
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_4;
+      goto __pyx_L58_bool_binop_done;
+    }
+    __pyx_t_4 = __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(__pyx_v_self->_default); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_4 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 276, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __pyx_t_12 = __pyx_t_4;
+    __pyx_L58_bool_binop_done:;
+    if (__pyx_t_12) {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":277
+ *                 PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ *             elif not default_used and self._default:
+ *                 o = self._default(o)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 default_used = 1
+ *                 continue
+ */
+      __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_self->_default);
+      __pyx_t_13 = __pyx_v_self->_default; __pyx_t_14 = NULL;
+      if (CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS && likely(PyMethod_Check(__pyx_t_13))) {
+        __pyx_t_14 = PyMethod_GET_SELF(__pyx_t_13);
+        if (likely(__pyx_t_14)) {
+          PyObject* function = PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION(__pyx_t_13);
+          __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_14);
+          __Pyx_INCREF(function);
+          __Pyx_DECREF_SET(__pyx_t_13, function);
+        }
+      }
+      if (!__pyx_t_14) {
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(__pyx_t_13, __pyx_v_o); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 277, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      } else {
+        #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+        if (PyFunction_Check(__pyx_t_13)) {
+          PyObject *__pyx_temp[2] = {__pyx_t_14, __pyx_v_o};
+          __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCall(__pyx_t_13, __pyx_temp+1-1, 1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 277, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_14); __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        } else
+        #endif
+        #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL
+        if (__Pyx_PyFastCFunction_Check(__pyx_t_13)) {
+          PyObject *__pyx_temp[2] = {__pyx_t_14, __pyx_v_o};
+          __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyCFunction_FastCall(__pyx_t_13, __pyx_temp+1-1, 1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 277, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_14); __pyx_t_14 = 0;
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        } else
+        #endif
+        {
+          __pyx_t_11 = PyTuple_New(1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 277, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_11);
+          __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_t_14); PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_11, 0, __pyx_t_14); __pyx_t_14 = NULL;
+          __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_o);
+          __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_v_o);
+          PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_11, 0+1, __pyx_v_o);
+          __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_13, __pyx_t_11, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 277, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_11); __pyx_t_11 = 0;
+        }
+      }
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+      __Pyx_DECREF_SET(__pyx_v_o, __pyx_t_2);
+      __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":278
+ *             elif not default_used and self._default:
+ *                 o = self._default(o)
+ *                 default_used = 1             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 continue
+ *             else:
+ */
+      __pyx_v_default_used = 1;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":279
+ *                 o = self._default(o)
+ *                 default_used = 1
+ *                 continue             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             else:
+ *                 raise TypeError("can't serialize %r" % (o,))
+ */
+      goto __pyx_L4_continue;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":276
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, <char*>view.buf, L)
+ *                 PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ *             elif not default_used and self._default:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 o = self._default(o)
+ *                 default_used = 1
+ */
+    }
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":281
+ *                 continue
+ *             else:
+ *                 raise TypeError("can't serialize %r" % (o,))             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             return ret
+ * 
+ */
+    /*else*/ {
+      __pyx_t_2 = PyTuple_New(1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 281, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_o);
+      __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_v_o);
+      PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, 0, __pyx_v_o);
+      __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyString_Format(__pyx_kp_s_can_t_serialize_r, __pyx_t_2); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 281, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+      __pyx_t_2 = PyTuple_New(1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 281, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_t_13);
+      PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, 0, __pyx_t_13);
+      __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+      __pyx_t_13 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_builtin_TypeError, __pyx_t_2, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 281, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_13);
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+      __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_13, 0, 0, 0);
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_13); __pyx_t_13 = 0;
+      __PYX_ERR(0, 281, __pyx_L1_error)
+    }
+    __pyx_L6:;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":282
+ *             else:
+ *                 raise TypeError("can't serialize %r" % (o,))
+ *             return ret             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     cpdef pack(self, object obj):
+ */
+    __pyx_r = __pyx_v_ret;
+    goto __pyx_L0;
+    __pyx_L4_continue:;
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":150
+ *         self.pk.buf = NULL
+ * 
+ *     cdef int _pack(self, object o, int nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT) except -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef long long llval
+ *         cdef unsigned long long ullval
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_r = 0;
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_3);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_11);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_13);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_14);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_15);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_16);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer._pack", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = -1;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_d);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_oe);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_k);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_v);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_o);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":284
+ *             return ret
+ * 
+ *     cpdef pack(self, object obj):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef int ret
+ *         try:
+ */
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_7pack(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_obj); /*proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_pack(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_obj, int __pyx_skip_dispatch) {
+  int __pyx_v_ret;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_buf = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_1 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_2 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_3 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_4 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_5 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_6 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_7 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_8 = NULL;
+  int __pyx_t_9;
+  struct __pyx_opt_args_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack __pyx_t_10;
+  int __pyx_t_11;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack", 0);
+  /* Check if called by wrapper */
+  if (unlikely(__pyx_skip_dispatch)) ;
+  /* Check if overridden in Python */
+  else if (unlikely(Py_TYPE(((PyObject *)__pyx_v_self))->tp_dictoffset != 0)) {
+    __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(((PyObject *)__pyx_v_self), __pyx_n_s_pack); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 284, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+    if (!PyCFunction_Check(__pyx_t_1) || (PyCFunction_GET_FUNCTION(__pyx_t_1) != (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_7pack)) {
+      __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_r);
+      __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_1);
+      __pyx_t_3 = __pyx_t_1; __pyx_t_4 = NULL;
+      if (CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS && unlikely(PyMethod_Check(__pyx_t_3))) {
+        __pyx_t_4 = PyMethod_GET_SELF(__pyx_t_3);
+        if (likely(__pyx_t_4)) {
+          PyObject* function = PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION(__pyx_t_3);
+          __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_4);
+          __Pyx_INCREF(function);
+          __Pyx_DECREF_SET(__pyx_t_3, function);
+        }
+      }
+      if (!__pyx_t_4) {
+        __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(__pyx_t_3, __pyx_v_obj); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 284, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      } else {
+        #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+        if (PyFunction_Check(__pyx_t_3)) {
+          PyObject *__pyx_temp[2] = {__pyx_t_4, __pyx_v_obj};
+          __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCall(__pyx_t_3, __pyx_temp+1-1, 1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 284, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_4); __pyx_t_4 = 0;
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        } else
+        #endif
+        #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL
+        if (__Pyx_PyFastCFunction_Check(__pyx_t_3)) {
+          PyObject *__pyx_temp[2] = {__pyx_t_4, __pyx_v_obj};
+          __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyCFunction_FastCall(__pyx_t_3, __pyx_temp+1-1, 1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 284, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_4); __pyx_t_4 = 0;
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+        } else
+        #endif
+        {
+          __pyx_t_5 = PyTuple_New(1+1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(0, 284, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_5);
+          __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_t_4); PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_5, 0, __pyx_t_4); __pyx_t_4 = NULL;
+          __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_obj);
+          __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_v_obj);
+          PyTuple_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_5, 0+1, __pyx_v_obj);
+          __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_5, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 284, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+          __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_5); __pyx_t_5 = 0;
+        }
+      }
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+      __pyx_r = __pyx_t_2;
+      __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+      __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+      goto __pyx_L0;
+    }
+    __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":286
+ *     cpdef pack(self, object obj):
+ *         cdef int ret
+ *         try:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             ret = self._pack(obj, DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT)
+ *         except:
+ */
+  {
+    __Pyx_PyThreadState_declare
+    __Pyx_PyThreadState_assign
+    __Pyx_ExceptionSave(&__pyx_t_6, &__pyx_t_7, &__pyx_t_8);
+    __Pyx_XGOTREF(__pyx_t_6);
+    __Pyx_XGOTREF(__pyx_t_7);
+    __Pyx_XGOTREF(__pyx_t_8);
+    /*try:*/ {
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":287
+ *         cdef int ret
+ *         try:
+ *             ret = self._pack(obj, DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         except:
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+      __pyx_t_10.__pyx_n = 1;
+      __pyx_t_10.nest_limit = __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT;
+      __pyx_t_9 = ((struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx_vtab)->_pack(__pyx_v_self, __pyx_v_obj, &__pyx_t_10); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_9 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 287, __pyx_L3_error)
+      __pyx_v_ret = __pyx_t_9;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":286
+ *     cpdef pack(self, object obj):
+ *         cdef int ret
+ *         try:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             ret = self._pack(obj, DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT)
+ *         except:
+ */
+    }
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_6); __pyx_t_6 = 0;
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_7); __pyx_t_7 = 0;
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_8); __pyx_t_8 = 0;
+    goto __pyx_L8_try_end;
+    __pyx_L3_error:;
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_4); __pyx_t_4 = 0;
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_5); __pyx_t_5 = 0;
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":288
+ *         try:
+ *             ret = self._pack(obj, DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT)
+ *         except:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             raise
+ */
+    /*except:*/ {
+      __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+      if (__Pyx_GetException(&__pyx_t_1, &__pyx_t_2, &__pyx_t_3) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 288, __pyx_L5_except_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":289
+ *             ret = self._pack(obj, DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT)
+ *         except:
+ *             self.pk.length = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise
+ *         if ret:  # should not happen.
+ */
+      __pyx_v_self->pk.length = 0;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":290
+ *         except:
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             raise             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if ret:  # should not happen.
+ *             raise RuntimeError("internal error")
+ */
+      __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_t_1);
+      __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_t_2);
+      __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_3);
+      __Pyx_ErrRestoreWithState(__pyx_t_1, __pyx_t_2, __pyx_t_3);
+      __pyx_t_1 = 0; __pyx_t_2 = 0; __pyx_t_3 = 0; 
+      __PYX_ERR(0, 290, __pyx_L5_except_error)
+    }
+    __pyx_L5_except_error:;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":286
+ *     cpdef pack(self, object obj):
+ *         cdef int ret
+ *         try:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             ret = self._pack(obj, DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT)
+ *         except:
+ */
+    __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_6);
+    __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_7);
+    __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_t_8);
+    __Pyx_ExceptionReset(__pyx_t_6, __pyx_t_7, __pyx_t_8);
+    goto __pyx_L1_error;
+    __pyx_L8_try_end:;
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":291
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             raise
+ *         if ret:  # should not happen.             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise RuntimeError("internal error")
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ */
+  __pyx_t_11 = (__pyx_v_ret != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_11) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":292
+ *             raise
+ *         if ret:  # should not happen.
+ *             raise RuntimeError("internal error")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ */
+    __pyx_t_3 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_builtin_RuntimeError, __pyx_tuple__14, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 292, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+    __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_3, 0, 0, 0);
+    __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+    __PYX_ERR(0, 292, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":291
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             raise
+ *         if ret:  # should not happen.             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise RuntimeError("internal error")
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":293
+ *         if ret:  # should not happen.
+ *             raise RuntimeError("internal error")
+ *         if self.autoreset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+  __pyx_t_11 = (__pyx_v_self->autoreset != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_11) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":294
+ *             raise RuntimeError("internal error")
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             return buf
+ */
+    __pyx_t_3 = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(__pyx_v_self->pk.buf, __pyx_v_self->pk.length); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 294, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+    __pyx_v_buf = ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_3);
+    __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":295
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ */
+    __pyx_v_self->pk.length = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":296
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             return buf             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     def pack_ext_type(self, typecode, data):
+ */
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_r);
+    __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_buf);
+    __pyx_r = __pyx_v_buf;
+    goto __pyx_L0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":293
+ *         if ret:  # should not happen.
+ *             raise RuntimeError("internal error")
+ *         if self.autoreset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":284
+ *             return ret
+ * 
+ *     cpdef pack(self, object obj):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef int ret
+ *         try:
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_r = Py_None; __Pyx_INCREF(Py_None);
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_3);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_4);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_5);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = 0;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_buf);
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_7pack(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_obj); /*proto*/
+static char __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_6pack[] = "Packer.pack(self, obj)";
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_7pack(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_obj) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack (wrapper)", 0);
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_6pack(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self), ((PyObject *)__pyx_v_obj));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_6pack(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_obj) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_1 = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack", 0);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_r);
+  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_pack(__pyx_v_self, __pyx_v_obj, 1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 284, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_t_1;
+  __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = NULL;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":298
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ *     def pack_ext_type(self, typecode, data):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, typecode, len(data))
+ *         msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, data, len(data))
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_9pack_ext_type(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds); /*proto*/
+static char __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_8pack_ext_type[] = "Packer.pack_ext_type(self, typecode, data)";
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_9pack_ext_type(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_args, PyObject *__pyx_kwds) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_typecode = 0;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_data = 0;
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack_ext_type (wrapper)", 0);
+  {
+    static PyObject **__pyx_pyargnames[] = {&__pyx_n_s_typecode,&__pyx_n_s_data,0};
+    PyObject* values[2] = {0,0};
+    if (unlikely(__pyx_kwds)) {
+      Py_ssize_t kw_args;
+      const Py_ssize_t pos_args = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args);
+      switch (pos_args) {
+        case  2: values[1] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 1);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  1: values[0] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 0);
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  0: break;
+        default: goto __pyx_L5_argtuple_error;
+      }
+      kw_args = PyDict_Size(__pyx_kwds);
+      switch (pos_args) {
+        case  0:
+        if (likely((values[0] = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_typecode)) != 0)) kw_args--;
+        else goto __pyx_L5_argtuple_error;
+        CYTHON_FALLTHROUGH;
+        case  1:
+        if (likely((values[1] = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_n_s_data)) != 0)) kw_args--;
+        else {
+          __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid("pack_ext_type", 1, 2, 2, 1); __PYX_ERR(0, 298, __pyx_L3_error)
+        }
+      }
+      if (unlikely(kw_args > 0)) {
+        if (unlikely(__Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(__pyx_kwds, __pyx_pyargnames, 0, values, pos_args, "pack_ext_type") < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 298, __pyx_L3_error)
+      }
+    } else if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args) != 2) {
+      goto __pyx_L5_argtuple_error;
+    } else {
+      values[0] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 0);
+      values[1] = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_args, 1);
+    }
+    __pyx_v_typecode = values[0];
+    __pyx_v_data = values[1];
+  }
+  goto __pyx_L4_argument_unpacking_done;
+  __pyx_L5_argtuple_error:;
+  __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid("pack_ext_type", 1, 2, 2, PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_args)); __PYX_ERR(0, 298, __pyx_L3_error)
+  __pyx_L3_error:;
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack_ext_type", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return NULL;
+  __pyx_L4_argument_unpacking_done:;
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_8pack_ext_type(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self), __pyx_v_typecode, __pyx_v_data);
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_8pack_ext_type(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_typecode, PyObject *__pyx_v_data) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  char __pyx_t_1;
+  Py_ssize_t __pyx_t_2;
+  char *__pyx_t_3;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack_ext_type", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":299
+ * 
+ *     def pack_ext_type(self, typecode, data):
+ *         msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, typecode, len(data))             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, data, len(data))
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyInt_As_char(__pyx_v_typecode); if (unlikely((__pyx_t_1 == (char)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 299, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_2 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_v_data); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_2 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 299, __pyx_L1_error)
+  msgpack_pack_ext((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_t_1, __pyx_t_2);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":300
+ *     def pack_ext_type(self, typecode, data):
+ *         msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, typecode, len(data))
+ *         msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, data, len(data))             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     def pack_array_header(self, long long size):
+ */
+  __pyx_t_3 = __Pyx_PyObject_AsWritableString(__pyx_v_data); if (unlikely((!__pyx_t_3) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 300, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_2 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_v_data); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_2 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 300, __pyx_L1_error)
+  msgpack_pack_raw_body((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_2);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":298
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ *     def pack_ext_type(self, typecode, data):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, typecode, len(data))
+ *         msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, data, len(data))
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_r = Py_None; __Pyx_INCREF(Py_None);
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack_ext_type", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = NULL;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":302
+ *         msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, data, len(data))
+ * 
+ *     def pack_array_header(self, long long size):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_11pack_array_header(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_arg_size); /*proto*/
+static char __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_10pack_array_header[] = "Packer.pack_array_header(self, long long size)";
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_11pack_array_header(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_arg_size) {
+  PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_v_size;
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack_array_header (wrapper)", 0);
+  assert(__pyx_arg_size); {
+    __pyx_v_size = __Pyx_PyInt_As_PY_LONG_LONG(__pyx_arg_size); if (unlikely((__pyx_v_size == (PY_LONG_LONG)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 302, __pyx_L3_error)
+  }
+  goto __pyx_L4_argument_unpacking_done;
+  __pyx_L3_error:;
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack_array_header", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return NULL;
+  __pyx_L4_argument_unpacking_done:;
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_10pack_array_header(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self), ((PY_LONG_LONG)__pyx_v_size));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_10pack_array_header(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_v_size) {
+  int __pyx_v_ret;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_buf = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  int __pyx_t_1;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_2 = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack_array_header", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":303
+ * 
+ *     def pack_array_header(self, long long size):
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, size)
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = ((__pyx_v_size > __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT) != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":304
+ *     def pack_array_header(self, long long size):
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *             raise PackValueError             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, size)
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ */
+    __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 304, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+    __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_2, 0, 0, 0);
+    __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+    __PYX_ERR(0, 304, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":303
+ * 
+ *     def pack_array_header(self, long long size):
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, size)
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":305
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, size)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ */
+  __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_array((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_size);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":306
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, size)
+ *         if ret == -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = ((__pyx_v_ret == -1L) != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":307
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, size)
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError
+ */
+    PyErr_NoMemory(); __PYX_ERR(0, 307, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":306
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, size)
+ *         if ret == -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":308
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_v_ret != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":309
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ */
+    __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_builtin_TypeError, 0, 0, 0);
+    __PYX_ERR(0, 309, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":308
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":310
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_v_self->autoreset != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":311
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             return buf
+ */
+    __pyx_t_2 = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(__pyx_v_self->pk.buf, __pyx_v_self->pk.length); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 311, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+    __pyx_v_buf = ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2);
+    __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":312
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ */
+    __pyx_v_self->pk.length = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":313
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             return buf             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     def pack_map_header(self, long long size):
+ */
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_r);
+    __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_buf);
+    __pyx_r = __pyx_v_buf;
+    goto __pyx_L0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":310
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":302
+ *         msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, data, len(data))
+ * 
+ *     def pack_array_header(self, long long size):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_r = Py_None; __Pyx_INCREF(Py_None);
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack_array_header", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = NULL;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_buf);
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":315
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ *     def pack_map_header(self, long long size):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_13pack_map_header(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_arg_size); /*proto*/
+static char __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_12pack_map_header[] = "Packer.pack_map_header(self, long long size)";
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_13pack_map_header(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_arg_size) {
+  PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_v_size;
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack_map_header (wrapper)", 0);
+  assert(__pyx_arg_size); {
+    __pyx_v_size = __Pyx_PyInt_As_PY_LONG_LONG(__pyx_arg_size); if (unlikely((__pyx_v_size == (PY_LONG_LONG)-1) && PyErr_Occurred())) __PYX_ERR(0, 315, __pyx_L3_error)
+  }
+  goto __pyx_L4_argument_unpacking_done;
+  __pyx_L3_error:;
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack_map_header", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return NULL;
+  __pyx_L4_argument_unpacking_done:;
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_12pack_map_header(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self), ((PY_LONG_LONG)__pyx_v_size));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_12pack_map_header(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PY_LONG_LONG __pyx_v_size) {
+  int __pyx_v_ret;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_buf = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  int __pyx_t_1;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_2 = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack_map_header", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":316
+ * 
+ *     def pack_map_header(self, long long size):
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, size)
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = ((__pyx_v_size > __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT) != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":317
+ *     def pack_map_header(self, long long size):
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *             raise PackValueError             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, size)
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ */
+    __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 317, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+    __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_2, 0, 0, 0);
+    __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+    __PYX_ERR(0, 317, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":316
+ * 
+ *     def pack_map_header(self, long long size):
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, size)
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":318
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, size)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ */
+  __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_map((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_v_size);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":319
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, size)
+ *         if ret == -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = ((__pyx_v_ret == -1L) != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":320
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, size)
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError
+ */
+    PyErr_NoMemory(); __PYX_ERR(0, 320, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":319
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, size)
+ *         if ret == -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":321
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_v_ret != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":322
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ */
+    __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_builtin_TypeError, 0, 0, 0);
+    __PYX_ERR(0, 322, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":321
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":323
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = (__pyx_v_self->autoreset != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_1) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":324
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             return buf
+ */
+    __pyx_t_2 = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(__pyx_v_self->pk.buf, __pyx_v_self->pk.length); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 324, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+    __pyx_v_buf = ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_2);
+    __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":325
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ */
+    __pyx_v_self->pk.length = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":326
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             return buf             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     def pack_map_pairs(self, object pairs):
+ */
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_r);
+    __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_buf);
+    __pyx_r = __pyx_v_buf;
+    goto __pyx_L0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":323
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":315
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ *     def pack_map_header(self, long long size):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *             raise PackValueError
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_r = Py_None; __Pyx_INCREF(Py_None);
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack_map_header", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = NULL;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_buf);
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":328
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ *     def pack_map_pairs(self, object pairs):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         """
+ *         Pack *pairs* as msgpack map type.
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_15pack_map_pairs(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_pairs); /*proto*/
+static char __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_14pack_map_pairs[] = "Packer.pack_map_pairs(self, pairs)\n\n        Pack *pairs* as msgpack map type.\n\n        *pairs* should be a sequence of pairs.\n        (`len(pairs)` and `for k, v in pairs:` should be supported.)\n        ";
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_15pack_map_pairs(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_pairs) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack_map_pairs (wrapper)", 0);
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_14pack_map_pairs(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self), ((PyObject *)__pyx_v_pairs));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_14pack_map_pairs(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_pairs) {
+  int __pyx_v_ret;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_k = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_v = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_v_buf = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  Py_ssize_t __pyx_t_1;
+  int __pyx_t_2;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_3 = NULL;
+  PyObject *(*__pyx_t_4)(PyObject *);
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_5 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_6 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_7 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_8 = NULL;
+  PyObject *(*__pyx_t_9)(PyObject *);
+  int __pyx_t_10;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("pack_map_pairs", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":335
+ *         (`len(pairs)` and `for k, v in pairs:` should be supported.)
+ *         """
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, len(pairs))             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if ret == 0:
+ *             for k, v in pairs:
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyObject_Length(__pyx_v_pairs); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_1 == ((Py_ssize_t)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 335, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_v_ret = msgpack_pack_map((&__pyx_v_self->pk), __pyx_t_1);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":336
+ *         """
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, len(pairs))
+ *         if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             for k, v in pairs:
+ *                 ret = self._pack(k)
+ */
+  __pyx_t_2 = ((__pyx_v_ret == 0) != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_2) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":337
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, len(pairs))
+ *         if ret == 0:
+ *             for k, v in pairs:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = self._pack(k)
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ */
+    if (likely(PyList_CheckExact(__pyx_v_pairs)) || PyTuple_CheckExact(__pyx_v_pairs)) {
+      __pyx_t_3 = __pyx_v_pairs; __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+      __pyx_t_4 = NULL;
+    } else {
+      __pyx_t_1 = -1; __pyx_t_3 = PyObject_GetIter(__pyx_v_pairs); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+      __pyx_t_4 = Py_TYPE(__pyx_t_3)->tp_iternext; if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+    }
+    for (;;) {
+      if (likely(!__pyx_t_4)) {
+        if (likely(PyList_CheckExact(__pyx_t_3))) {
+          if (__pyx_t_1 >= PyList_GET_SIZE(__pyx_t_3)) break;
+          #if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS && !CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+          __pyx_t_5 = PyList_GET_ITEM(__pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_1); __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_5); __pyx_t_1++; if (unlikely(0 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+          #else
+          __pyx_t_5 = PySequence_ITEM(__pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1++; if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_5);
+          #endif
+        } else {
+          if (__pyx_t_1 >= PyTuple_GET_SIZE(__pyx_t_3)) break;
+          #if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS && !CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+          __pyx_t_5 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(__pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_1); __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_5); __pyx_t_1++; if (unlikely(0 < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+          #else
+          __pyx_t_5 = PySequence_ITEM(__pyx_t_3, __pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1++; if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+          __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_5);
+          #endif
+        }
+      } else {
+        __pyx_t_5 = __pyx_t_4(__pyx_t_3);
+        if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_5)) {
+          PyObject* exc_type = PyErr_Occurred();
+          if (exc_type) {
+            if (likely(__Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc_type, PyExc_StopIteration))) PyErr_Clear();
+            else __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_5);
+      }
+      if ((likely(PyTuple_CheckExact(__pyx_t_5))) || (PyList_CheckExact(__pyx_t_5))) {
+        PyObject* sequence = __pyx_t_5;
+        #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+        Py_ssize_t size = Py_SIZE(sequence);
+        #else
+        Py_ssize_t size = PySequence_Size(sequence);
+        #endif
+        if (unlikely(size != 2)) {
+          if (size > 2) __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(2);
+          else if (size >= 0) __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(size);
+          __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+        }
+        #if CYTHON_ASSUME_SAFE_MACROS && !CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+        if (likely(PyTuple_CheckExact(sequence))) {
+          __pyx_t_6 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(sequence, 0); 
+          __pyx_t_7 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(sequence, 1); 
+        } else {
+          __pyx_t_6 = PyList_GET_ITEM(sequence, 0); 
+          __pyx_t_7 = PyList_GET_ITEM(sequence, 1); 
+        }
+        __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_6);
+        __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_t_7);
+        #else
+        __pyx_t_6 = PySequence_ITEM(sequence, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_6)) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_6);
+        __pyx_t_7 = PySequence_ITEM(sequence, 1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_7)) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_7);
+        #endif
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_5); __pyx_t_5 = 0;
+      } else {
+        Py_ssize_t index = -1;
+        __pyx_t_8 = PyObject_GetIter(__pyx_t_5); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_8)) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_8);
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_5); __pyx_t_5 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_9 = Py_TYPE(__pyx_t_8)->tp_iternext;
+        index = 0; __pyx_t_6 = __pyx_t_9(__pyx_t_8); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_6)) goto __pyx_L6_unpacking_failed;
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_6);
+        index = 1; __pyx_t_7 = __pyx_t_9(__pyx_t_8); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_7)) goto __pyx_L6_unpacking_failed;
+        __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_7);
+        if (__Pyx_IternextUnpackEndCheck(__pyx_t_9(__pyx_t_8), 2) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __pyx_t_9 = NULL;
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_8); __pyx_t_8 = 0;
+        goto __pyx_L7_unpacking_done;
+        __pyx_L6_unpacking_failed:;
+        __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_8); __pyx_t_8 = 0;
+        __pyx_t_9 = NULL;
+        if (__Pyx_IterFinish() == 0) __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(index);
+        __PYX_ERR(0, 337, __pyx_L1_error)
+        __pyx_L7_unpacking_done:;
+      }
+      __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(__pyx_v_k, __pyx_t_6);
+      __pyx_t_6 = 0;
+      __Pyx_XDECREF_SET(__pyx_v_v, __pyx_t_7);
+      __pyx_t_7 = 0;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":338
+ *         if ret == 0:
+ *             for k, v in pairs:
+ *                 ret = self._pack(k)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ *                 ret = self._pack(v)
+ */
+      __pyx_t_10 = ((struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx_vtab)->_pack(__pyx_v_self, __pyx_v_k, NULL); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 338, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_v_ret = __pyx_t_10;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":339
+ *             for k, v in pairs:
+ *                 ret = self._pack(k)
+ *                 if ret != 0: break             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = self._pack(v)
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ */
+      __pyx_t_2 = ((__pyx_v_ret != 0) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_2) {
+        goto __pyx_L5_break;
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":340
+ *                 ret = self._pack(k)
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ *                 ret = self._pack(v)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ */
+      __pyx_t_10 = ((struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self->__pyx_vtab)->_pack(__pyx_v_self, __pyx_v_v, NULL); if (unlikely(__pyx_t_10 == ((int)-1))) __PYX_ERR(0, 340, __pyx_L1_error)
+      __pyx_v_ret = __pyx_t_10;
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":341
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ *                 ret = self._pack(v)
+ *                 if ret != 0: break             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ */
+      __pyx_t_2 = ((__pyx_v_ret != 0) != 0);
+      if (__pyx_t_2) {
+        goto __pyx_L5_break;
+      }
+
+      /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":337
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, len(pairs))
+ *         if ret == 0:
+ *             for k, v in pairs:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = self._pack(k)
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ */
+    }
+    __pyx_L5_break:;
+    __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_3); __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":336
+ *         """
+ *         cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, len(pairs))
+ *         if ret == 0:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             for k, v in pairs:
+ *                 ret = self._pack(k)
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":342
+ *                 ret = self._pack(v)
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ *         if ret == -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ */
+  __pyx_t_2 = ((__pyx_v_ret == -1L) != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_2) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":343
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError
+ */
+    PyErr_NoMemory(); __PYX_ERR(0, 343, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":342
+ *                 ret = self._pack(v)
+ *                 if ret != 0: break
+ *         if ret == -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":344
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ */
+  __pyx_t_2 = (__pyx_v_ret != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_2) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":345
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ */
+    __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_builtin_TypeError, 0, 0, 0);
+    __PYX_ERR(0, 345, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":344
+ *         if ret == -1:
+ *             raise MemoryError
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":346
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+  __pyx_t_2 = (__pyx_v_self->autoreset != 0);
+  if (__pyx_t_2) {
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":347
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             return buf
+ */
+    __pyx_t_3 = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(__pyx_v_self->pk.buf, __pyx_v_self->pk.length); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_3)) __PYX_ERR(0, 347, __pyx_L1_error)
+    __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_3);
+    __pyx_v_buf = ((PyObject*)__pyx_t_3);
+    __pyx_t_3 = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":348
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ */
+    __pyx_v_self->pk.length = 0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":349
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ *             return buf             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     def reset(self):
+ */
+    __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_r);
+    __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_v_buf);
+    __pyx_r = __pyx_v_buf;
+    goto __pyx_L0;
+
+    /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":346
+ *         elif ret:  # should not happen
+ *             raise TypeError
+ *         if self.autoreset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ *             self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+  }
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":328
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ *     def pack_map_pairs(self, object pairs):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         """
+ *         Pack *pairs* as msgpack map type.
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_r = Py_None; __Pyx_INCREF(Py_None);
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_3);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_5);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_6);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_7);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_8);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.pack_map_pairs", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = NULL;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_k);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_v);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_buf);
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":351
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ *     def reset(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         """Clear internal buffer."""
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_17reset(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *unused); /*proto*/
+static char __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_16reset[] = "Packer.reset(self)\nClear internal buffer.";
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_17reset(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *unused) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("reset (wrapper)", 0);
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_16reset(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_16reset(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("reset", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":353
+ *     def reset(self):
+ *         """Clear internal buffer."""
+ *         self.pk.length = 0             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *     def bytes(self):
+ */
+  __pyx_v_self->pk.length = 0;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":351
+ *             return buf
+ * 
+ *     def reset(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         """Clear internal buffer."""
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_r = Py_None; __Pyx_INCREF(Py_None);
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":355
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ * 
+ *     def bytes(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         """Return buffer content."""
+ *         return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_19bytes(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *unused); /*proto*/
+static char __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_18bytes[] = "Packer.bytes(self)\nReturn buffer content.";
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_19bytes(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *unused) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("bytes (wrapper)", 0);
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_18bytes(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_18bytes(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_1 = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("bytes", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":357
+ *     def bytes(self):
+ *         """Return buffer content."""
+ *         return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ */
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_r);
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(__pyx_v_self->pk.buf, __pyx_v_self->pk.length); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 357, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_t_1;
+  __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":355
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ * 
+ *     def bytes(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         """Return buffer content."""
+ *         return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.bytes", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = NULL;
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "(tree fragment)":1
+ * def __reduce_cython__(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ * def __setstate_cython__(self, __pyx_state):
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_21__reduce_cython__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *unused); /*proto*/
+static char __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_20__reduce_cython__[] = "Packer.__reduce_cython__(self)";
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_21__reduce_cython__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *unused) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__reduce_cython__ (wrapper)", 0);
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_20__reduce_cython__(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_20__reduce_cython__(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_1 = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__reduce_cython__", 0);
+
+  /* "(tree fragment)":2
+ * def __reduce_cython__(self):
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * def __setstate_cython__(self, __pyx_state):
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_builtin_TypeError, __pyx_tuple__15, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 2, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_1, 0, 0, 0);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+  __PYX_ERR(1, 2, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+  /* "(tree fragment)":1
+ * def __reduce_cython__(self):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ * def __setstate_cython__(self, __pyx_state):
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.__reduce_cython__", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+/* "(tree fragment)":3
+ * def __reduce_cython__(self):
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ * def __setstate_cython__(self, __pyx_state):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ */
+
+/* Python wrapper */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_23__setstate_cython__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v___pyx_state); /*proto*/
+static char __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_22__setstate_cython__[] = "Packer.__setstate_cython__(self, __pyx_state)";
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_23__setstate_cython__(PyObject *__pyx_v_self, PyObject *__pyx_v___pyx_state) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__setstate_cython__ (wrapper)", 0);
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_22__setstate_cython__(((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)__pyx_v_self), ((PyObject *)__pyx_v___pyx_state));
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_22__setstate_cython__(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *__pyx_v_self, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_v___pyx_state) {
+  PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_1 = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__setstate_cython__", 0);
+
+  /* "(tree fragment)":4
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ * def __setstate_cython__(self, __pyx_state):
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(__pyx_builtin_TypeError, __pyx_tuple__16, NULL); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(1, 4, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_Raise(__pyx_t_1, 0, 0, 0);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+  __PYX_ERR(1, 4, __pyx_L1_error)
+
+  /* "(tree fragment)":3
+ * def __reduce_cython__(self):
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ * def __setstate_cython__(self, __pyx_state):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ */
+
+  /* function exit code */
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("msgpack._packer.Packer.__setstate_cython__", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __pyx_r = NULL;
+  __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return __pyx_r;
+}
+static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer __pyx_vtable_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer;
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_tp_new_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer(PyTypeObject *t, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *a, CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *k) {
+  struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *p;
+  PyObject *o;
+  if (likely((t->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_IS_ABSTRACT) == 0)) {
+    o = (*t->tp_alloc)(t, 0);
+  } else {
+    o = (PyObject *) PyBaseObject_Type.tp_new(t, __pyx_empty_tuple, 0);
+  }
+  if (unlikely(!o)) return 0;
+  p = ((struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)o);
+  p->__pyx_vtab = __pyx_vtabptr_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer;
+  p->_default = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  p->_bencoding = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  p->_berrors = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  p->use_float = ((PyBoolObject *)Py_None); Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  if (unlikely(__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_1__cinit__(o, __pyx_empty_tuple, NULL) < 0)) goto bad;
+  return o;
+  bad:
+  Py_DECREF(o); o = 0;
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+static void __pyx_tp_dealloc_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer(PyObject *o) {
+  struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *p = (struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)o;
+  #if CYTHON_USE_TP_FINALIZE
+  if (unlikely(PyType_HasFeature(Py_TYPE(o), Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE) && Py_TYPE(o)->tp_finalize) && !_PyGC_FINALIZED(o)) {
+    if (PyObject_CallFinalizerFromDealloc(o)) return;
+  }
+  #endif
+  PyObject_GC_UnTrack(o);
+  {
+    PyObject *etype, *eval, *etb;
+    PyErr_Fetch(&etype, &eval, &etb);
+    ++Py_REFCNT(o);
+    __pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_5__dealloc__(o);
+    --Py_REFCNT(o);
+    PyErr_Restore(etype, eval, etb);
+  }
+  Py_CLEAR(p->_default);
+  Py_CLEAR(p->_bencoding);
+  Py_CLEAR(p->_berrors);
+  Py_CLEAR(p->use_float);
+  (*Py_TYPE(o)->tp_free)(o);
+}
+
+static int __pyx_tp_traverse_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer(PyObject *o, visitproc v, void *a) {
+  int e;
+  struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *p = (struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)o;
+  if (p->_default) {
+    e = (*v)(p->_default, a); if (e) return e;
+  }
+  if (p->_bencoding) {
+    e = (*v)(p->_bencoding, a); if (e) return e;
+  }
+  if (p->_berrors) {
+    e = (*v)(p->_berrors, a); if (e) return e;
+  }
+  if (p->use_float) {
+    e = (*v)(((PyObject *)p->use_float), a); if (e) return e;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static int __pyx_tp_clear_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer(PyObject *o) {
+  PyObject* tmp;
+  struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *p = (struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *)o;
+  tmp = ((PyObject*)p->_default);
+  p->_default = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+  tmp = ((PyObject*)p->_bencoding);
+  p->_bencoding = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+  tmp = ((PyObject*)p->_berrors);
+  p->_berrors = Py_None; Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+  tmp = ((PyObject*)p->use_float);
+  p->use_float = ((PyBoolObject *)Py_None); Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+  Py_XDECREF(tmp);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer[] = {
+  {"pack", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_7pack, METH_O, __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_6pack},
+  {"pack_ext_type", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_9pack_ext_type, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_8pack_ext_type},
+  {"pack_array_header", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_11pack_array_header, METH_O, __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_10pack_array_header},
+  {"pack_map_header", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_13pack_map_header, METH_O, __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_12pack_map_header},
+  {"pack_map_pairs", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_15pack_map_pairs, METH_O, __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_14pack_map_pairs},
+  {"reset", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_17reset, METH_NOARGS, __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_16reset},
+  {"bytes", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_19bytes, METH_NOARGS, __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_18bytes},
+  {"__reduce_cython__", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_21__reduce_cython__, METH_NOARGS, __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_20__reduce_cython__},
+  {"__setstate_cython__", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_23__setstate_cython__, METH_O, __pyx_doc_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_22__setstate_cython__},
+  {0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static PyTypeObject __pyx_type_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer = {
+  PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(0, 0)
+  "msgpack._packer.Packer", /*tp_name*/
+  sizeof(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer), /*tp_basicsize*/
+  0, /*tp_itemsize*/
+  __pyx_tp_dealloc_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer, /*tp_dealloc*/
+  0, /*tp_print*/
+  0, /*tp_getattr*/
+  0, /*tp_setattr*/
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  0, /*tp_compare*/
+  #endif
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  0, /*tp_as_async*/
+  #endif
+  0, /*tp_repr*/
+  0, /*tp_as_number*/
+  0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
+  0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
+  0, /*tp_hash*/
+  0, /*tp_call*/
+  0, /*tp_str*/
+  0, /*tp_getattro*/
+  0, /*tp_setattro*/
+  0, /*tp_as_buffer*/
+  Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG|Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER|Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE|Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC, /*tp_flags*/
+  "Packer(default=None, encoding=None, unicode_errors=None, bool use_single_float=False, bool autoreset=True, bool use_bin_type=False, bool strict_types=False)\n\n    MessagePack Packer\n\n    usage::\n\n        packer = Packer()\n        astream.write(packer.pack(a))\n        astream.write(packer.pack(b))\n\n    Packer's constructor has some keyword arguments:\n\n    :param callable default:\n        Convert user type to builtin type that Packer supports.\n        See also simplejson's document.\n\n    :param bool use_single_float:\n        Use single precision float type for float. (default: False)\n\n    :param bool autoreset:\n        Reset buffer after each pack and return its content as `bytes`. (default: True).\n        If set this to false, use `bytes()` to get content and `.reset()` to clear buffer.\n\n    :param bool use_bin_type:\n        Use bin type introduced in msgpack spec 2.0 for bytes.\n        It also enables str8 type for unicode.\n        Current default value is false, but it will be changed to true\n        in future version.  You should specify it explicitly.\n\n    :param bool strict_types:\n        If set to true, types will be checked to be exact. Derived classes\n        from serializeable types will not be serialized and will be\n        treated as unsupported type and forwarded to default.\n        Additionally tuples will not be serialized as lists.\n        This is useful when trying to implement accurate serialization\n        for python types.\n\n    :param str unicode_errors:\n        Error handler for encoding unicode. (default: 'strict')\n\n    :param str encoding:\n        (deprecated) Convert unicode to bytes with this encoding. (default: 'utf-8')\n    ", /*tp_doc*/
+  __pyx_tp_traverse_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer, /*tp_traverse*/
+  __pyx_tp_clear_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer, /*tp_clear*/
+  0, /*tp_richcompare*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
+  0, /*tp_iter*/
+  0, /*tp_iternext*/
+  __pyx_methods_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer, /*tp_methods*/
+  0, /*tp_members*/
+  0, /*tp_getset*/
+  0, /*tp_base*/
+  0, /*tp_dict*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_get*/
+  0, /*tp_descr_set*/
+  0, /*tp_dictoffset*/
+  __pyx_pw_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_3__init__, /*tp_init*/
+  0, /*tp_alloc*/
+  __pyx_tp_new_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer, /*tp_new*/
+  0, /*tp_free*/
+  0, /*tp_is_gc*/
+  0, /*tp_bases*/
+  0, /*tp_mro*/
+  0, /*tp_cache*/
+  0, /*tp_subclasses*/
+  0, /*tp_weaklist*/
+  0, /*tp_del*/
+  0, /*tp_version_tag*/
+  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030400a1
+  0, /*tp_finalize*/
+  #endif
+};
+
+static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods[] = {
+  {0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+#if CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+static PyObject* __pyx_pymod_create(PyObject *spec, PyModuleDef *def); /*proto*/
+static int __pyx_pymod_exec__packer(PyObject* module); /*proto*/
+static PyModuleDef_Slot __pyx_moduledef_slots[] = {
+  {Py_mod_create, (void*)__pyx_pymod_create},
+  {Py_mod_exec, (void*)__pyx_pymod_exec__packer},
+  {0, NULL}
+};
+#endif
+
+static struct PyModuleDef __pyx_moduledef = {
+    PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
+    "_packer",
+    0, /* m_doc */
+  #if CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+    0, /* m_size */
+  #else
+    -1, /* m_size */
+  #endif
+    __pyx_methods /* m_methods */,
+  #if CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+    __pyx_moduledef_slots, /* m_slots */
+  #else
+    NULL, /* m_reload */
+  #endif
+    NULL, /* m_traverse */
+    NULL, /* m_clear */
+    NULL /* m_free */
+};
+#endif
+
+static __Pyx_StringTabEntry __pyx_string_tab[] = {
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_EXT_data_is_too_large, __pyx_k_EXT_data_is_too_large, sizeof(__pyx_k_EXT_data_is_too_large), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_ExtType, __pyx_k_ExtType, sizeof(__pyx_k_ExtType), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_Integer_value_out_of_range, __pyx_k_Integer_value_out_of_range, sizeof(__pyx_k_Integer_value_out_of_range), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_MemoryError, __pyx_k_MemoryError, sizeof(__pyx_k_MemoryError), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_OverflowError, __pyx_k_OverflowError, sizeof(__pyx_k_OverflowError), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_PackOverflowError, __pyx_k_PackOverflowError, sizeof(__pyx_k_PackOverflowError), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_PackValueError, __pyx_k_PackValueError, sizeof(__pyx_k_PackValueError), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_PendingDeprecationWarning, __pyx_k_PendingDeprecationWarning, sizeof(__pyx_k_PendingDeprecationWarning), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_RuntimeError, __pyx_k_RuntimeError, sizeof(__pyx_k_RuntimeError), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_TypeError, __pyx_k_TypeError, sizeof(__pyx_k_TypeError), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_Unable_to_allocate_internal_buff, __pyx_k_Unable_to_allocate_internal_buff, sizeof(__pyx_k_Unable_to_allocate_internal_buff), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_autoreset, __pyx_k_autoreset, sizeof(__pyx_k_autoreset), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_can_t_serialize_r, __pyx_k_can_t_serialize_r, sizeof(__pyx_k_can_t_serialize_r), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_cline_in_traceback, __pyx_k_cline_in_traceback, sizeof(__pyx_k_cline_in_traceback), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_code, __pyx_k_code, sizeof(__pyx_k_code), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_could_not_get_buffer_for_memoryv, __pyx_k_could_not_get_buffer_for_memoryv, sizeof(__pyx_k_could_not_get_buffer_for_memoryv), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_data, __pyx_k_data, sizeof(__pyx_k_data), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_default, __pyx_k_default, sizeof(__pyx_k_default), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_default_must_be_a_callable, __pyx_k_default_must_be_a_callable, sizeof(__pyx_k_default_must_be_a_callable), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_dict_is_too_large, __pyx_k_dict_is_too_large, sizeof(__pyx_k_dict_is_too_large), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_encoding, __pyx_k_encoding, sizeof(__pyx_k_encoding), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_getstate, __pyx_k_getstate, sizeof(__pyx_k_getstate), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_import, __pyx_k_import, sizeof(__pyx_k_import), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_internal_error, __pyx_k_internal_error, sizeof(__pyx_k_internal_error), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_items, __pyx_k_items, sizeof(__pyx_k_items), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_iteritems, __pyx_k_iteritems, sizeof(__pyx_k_iteritems), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_list_is_too_large, __pyx_k_list_is_too_large, sizeof(__pyx_k_list_is_too_large), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_main, __pyx_k_main, sizeof(__pyx_k_main), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_memoryview_is_too_large, __pyx_k_memoryview_is_too_large, sizeof(__pyx_k_memoryview_is_too_large), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_msgpack, __pyx_k_msgpack, sizeof(__pyx_k_msgpack), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_msgpack_exceptions, __pyx_k_msgpack_exceptions, sizeof(__pyx_k_msgpack_exceptions), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_name, __pyx_k_name, sizeof(__pyx_k_name), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_no_default___reduce___due_to_non, __pyx_k_no_default___reduce___due_to_non, sizeof(__pyx_k_no_default___reduce___due_to_non), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_pack, __pyx_k_pack, sizeof(__pyx_k_pack), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_pyx_vtable, __pyx_k_pyx_vtable, sizeof(__pyx_k_pyx_vtable), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_recursion_limit_exceeded, __pyx_k_recursion_limit_exceeded, sizeof(__pyx_k_recursion_limit_exceeded), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_reduce, __pyx_k_reduce, sizeof(__pyx_k_reduce), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_reduce_cython, __pyx_k_reduce_cython, sizeof(__pyx_k_reduce_cython), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_reduce_ex, __pyx_k_reduce_ex, sizeof(__pyx_k_reduce_ex), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_s_is_too_large, __pyx_k_s_is_too_large, sizeof(__pyx_k_s_is_too_large), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_setstate, __pyx_k_setstate, sizeof(__pyx_k_setstate), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_setstate_cython, __pyx_k_setstate_cython, sizeof(__pyx_k_setstate_cython), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_strict_types, __pyx_k_strict_types, sizeof(__pyx_k_strict_types), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_test, __pyx_k_test, sizeof(__pyx_k_test), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_typecode, __pyx_k_typecode, sizeof(__pyx_k_typecode), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_unicode_errors, __pyx_k_unicode_errors, sizeof(__pyx_k_unicode_errors), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_kp_s_unicode_string_is_too_large, __pyx_k_unicode_string_is_too_large, sizeof(__pyx_k_unicode_string_is_too_large), 0, 0, 1, 0},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_use_bin_type, __pyx_k_use_bin_type, sizeof(__pyx_k_use_bin_type), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {&__pyx_n_s_use_single_float, __pyx_k_use_single_float, sizeof(__pyx_k_use_single_float), 0, 0, 1, 1},
+  {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
+};
+static int __Pyx_InitCachedBuiltins(void) {
+  __pyx_builtin_MemoryError = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_MemoryError); if (!__pyx_builtin_MemoryError) __PYX_ERR(0, 113, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_PendingDeprecationWarning = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_PendingDeprecationWarning); if (!__pyx_builtin_PendingDeprecationWarning) __PYX_ERR(0, 121, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_TypeError = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_TypeError); if (!__pyx_builtin_TypeError) __PYX_ERR(0, 128, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_OverflowError = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_OverflowError); if (!__pyx_builtin_OverflowError) __PYX_ERR(0, 185, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_RuntimeError = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_RuntimeError); if (!__pyx_builtin_RuntimeError) __PYX_ERR(0, 292, __pyx_L1_error)
+  return 0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  return -1;
+}
+
+static int __Pyx_InitCachedConstants(void) {
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("__Pyx_InitCachedConstants", 0);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":113
+ *         self.pk.buf = <char*> PyMem_Malloc(buf_size)
+ *         if self.pk.buf == NULL:
+ *             raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate internal buffer.")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self.pk.buf_size = buf_size
+ *         self.pk.length = 0
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple_ = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_Unable_to_allocate_internal_buff); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple_)) __PYX_ERR(0, 113, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple_);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple_);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":128
+ *         if default is not None:
+ *             if not PyCallable_Check(default):
+ *                 raise TypeError("default must be a callable.")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         self._default = default
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__2 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_default_must_be_a_callable); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 128, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__2);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__2);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":165
+ * 
+ *         if nest_limit < 0:
+ *             raise PackValueError("recursion limit exceeded.")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ *         while True:
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__4 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_recursion_limit_exceeded); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__4)) __PYX_ERR(0, 165, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__4);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__4);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":191
+ *                         continue
+ *                     else:
+ *                         raise PackOverflowError("Integer value out of range")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *             elif PyInt_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyInt_Check(o):
+ *                 longval = o
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__5 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_Integer_value_out_of_range); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__5)) __PYX_ERR(0, 191, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__5);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__5);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":214
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);
+ *                     if ret == -2:
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 else:
+ *                     o = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(o, self.encoding, self.unicode_errors)
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__6 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_unicode_string_is_too_large); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__6)) __PYX_ERR(0, 214, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__6);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__6);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":219
+ *                     L = len(o)
+ *                     if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                         raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                     ret = msgpack_pack_raw(&self.pk, L)
+ *                     if ret == 0:
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__7 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_unicode_string_is_too_large); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__7)) __PYX_ERR(0, 219, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__7);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__7);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":228
+ *                 L = len(d)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__8 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_dict_is_too_large); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__8)) __PYX_ERR(0, 228, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__8);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__8);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":239
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("dict is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__9 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_dict_is_too_large); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__9)) __PYX_ERR(0, 239, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__9);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__9);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":253
+ *                 L = len(o.data)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("EXT data is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, longval, L)
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__10 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_EXT_data_is_too_large); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__10)) __PYX_ERR(0, 253, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__10);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__10);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":259
+ *                 L = len(o)
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("list is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__11 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_list_is_too_large); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__11)) __PYX_ERR(0, 259, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__11);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__11);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":267
+ *             elif PyMemoryView_Check(o):
+ *                 if PyObject_GetBuffer(o, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0:
+ *                     raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 L = view.len
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__12 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_could_not_get_buffer_for_memoryv); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__12)) __PYX_ERR(0, 267, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__12);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__12);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":271
+ *                 if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+ *                     PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+ *                     raise PackValueError("memoryview is too large")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *                 ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+ *                 if ret == 0:
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__13 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_memoryview_is_too_large); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__13)) __PYX_ERR(0, 271, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__13);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__13);
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":292
+ *             raise
+ *         if ret:  # should not happen.
+ *             raise RuntimeError("internal error")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         if self.autoreset:
+ *             buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__14 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_internal_error); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__14)) __PYX_ERR(0, 292, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__14);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__14);
+
+  /* "(tree fragment)":2
+ * def __reduce_cython__(self):
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * def __setstate_cython__(self, __pyx_state):
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__15 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_no_default___reduce___due_to_non); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__15)) __PYX_ERR(1, 2, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__15);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__15);
+
+  /* "(tree fragment)":4
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")
+ * def __setstate_cython__(self, __pyx_state):
+ *     raise TypeError("no default __reduce__ due to non-trivial __cinit__")             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ */
+  __pyx_tuple__16 = PyTuple_Pack(1, __pyx_kp_s_no_default___reduce___due_to_non); if (unlikely(!__pyx_tuple__16)) __PYX_ERR(1, 4, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_tuple__16);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_tuple__16);
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return 0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  return -1;
+}
+
+static int __Pyx_InitGlobals(void) {
+  if (__Pyx_InitStrings(__pyx_string_tab) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error);
+  __pyx_int_0 = PyInt_FromLong(0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_int_0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  return 0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  return -1;
+}
+
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+PyMODINIT_FUNC init_packer(void); /*proto*/
+PyMODINIT_FUNC init_packer(void)
+#else
+PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit__packer(void); /*proto*/
+PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit__packer(void)
+#if CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+{
+  return PyModuleDef_Init(&__pyx_moduledef);
+}
+static int __Pyx_copy_spec_to_module(PyObject *spec, PyObject *moddict, const char* from_name, const char* to_name) {
+    PyObject *value = PyObject_GetAttrString(spec, from_name);
+    int result = 0;
+    if (likely(value)) {
+        result = PyDict_SetItemString(moddict, to_name, value);
+        Py_DECREF(value);
+    } else if (PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_AttributeError)) {
+        PyErr_Clear();
+    } else {
+        result = -1;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+static PyObject* __pyx_pymod_create(PyObject *spec, CYTHON_UNUSED PyModuleDef *def) {
+    PyObject *module = NULL, *moddict, *modname;
+    if (__pyx_m)
+        return __Pyx_NewRef(__pyx_m);
+    modname = PyObject_GetAttrString(spec, "name");
+    if (unlikely(!modname)) goto bad;
+    module = PyModule_NewObject(modname);
+    Py_DECREF(modname);
+    if (unlikely(!module)) goto bad;
+    moddict = PyModule_GetDict(module);
+    if (unlikely(!moddict)) goto bad;
+    if (unlikely(__Pyx_copy_spec_to_module(spec, moddict, "loader", "__loader__") < 0)) goto bad;
+    if (unlikely(__Pyx_copy_spec_to_module(spec, moddict, "origin", "__file__") < 0)) goto bad;
+    if (unlikely(__Pyx_copy_spec_to_module(spec, moddict, "parent", "__package__") < 0)) goto bad;
+    if (unlikely(__Pyx_copy_spec_to_module(spec, moddict, "submodule_search_locations", "__path__") < 0)) goto bad;
+    return module;
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(module);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
+static int __pyx_pymod_exec__packer(PyObject *__pyx_pyinit_module)
+#endif
+#endif
+{
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_1 = NULL;
+  PyObject *__pyx_t_2 = NULL;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
+  #if CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+  if (__pyx_m && __pyx_m == __pyx_pyinit_module) return 0;
+  #endif
+  #if CYTHON_REFNANNY
+  __Pyx_RefNanny = __Pyx_RefNannyImportAPI("refnanny");
+  if (!__Pyx_RefNanny) {
+      PyErr_Clear();
+      __Pyx_RefNanny = __Pyx_RefNannyImportAPI("Cython.Runtime.refnanny");
+      if (!__Pyx_RefNanny)
+          Py_FatalError("failed to import 'refnanny' module");
+  }
+  #endif
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit__packer(void)", 0);
+  if (__Pyx_check_binary_version() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_empty_tuple = PyTuple_New(0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_empty_tuple)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_empty_bytes = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize("", 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_empty_bytes)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_empty_unicode = PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize("", 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_empty_unicode)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #ifdef __Pyx_CyFunction_USED
+  if (__pyx_CyFunction_init() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #endif
+  #ifdef __Pyx_FusedFunction_USED
+  if (__pyx_FusedFunction_init() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #endif
+  #ifdef __Pyx_Coroutine_USED
+  if (__pyx_Coroutine_init() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #endif
+  #ifdef __Pyx_Generator_USED
+  if (__pyx_Generator_init() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #endif
+  #ifdef __Pyx_AsyncGen_USED
+  if (__pyx_AsyncGen_init() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #endif
+  #ifdef __Pyx_StopAsyncIteration_USED
+  if (__pyx_StopAsyncIteration_init() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #endif
+  /*--- Library function declarations ---*/
+  /*--- Threads initialization code ---*/
+  #if defined(__PYX_FORCE_INIT_THREADS) && __PYX_FORCE_INIT_THREADS
+  #ifdef WITH_THREAD /* Python build with threading support? */
+  PyEval_InitThreads();
+  #endif
+  #endif
+  /*--- Module creation code ---*/
+  #if CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+  __pyx_m = __pyx_pyinit_module;
+  Py_INCREF(__pyx_m);
+  #else
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  __pyx_m = Py_InitModule4("_packer", __pyx_methods, 0, 0, PYTHON_API_VERSION); Py_XINCREF(__pyx_m);
+  #else
+  __pyx_m = PyModule_Create(&__pyx_moduledef);
+  #endif
+  if (unlikely(!__pyx_m)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #endif
+  __pyx_d = PyModule_GetDict(__pyx_m); if (unlikely(!__pyx_d)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  Py_INCREF(__pyx_d);
+  __pyx_b = PyImport_AddModule(__Pyx_BUILTIN_MODULE_NAME); if (unlikely(!__pyx_b)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_cython_runtime = PyImport_AddModule((char *) "cython_runtime"); if (unlikely(!__pyx_cython_runtime)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  Py_INCREF(__pyx_b);
+  #endif
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "__builtins__", __pyx_b) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error);
+  /*--- Initialize various global constants etc. ---*/
+  if (__Pyx_InitGlobals() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3 && (__PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_ASCII || __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_DEFAULT)
+  if (__Pyx_init_sys_getdefaultencoding_params() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #endif
+  if (__pyx_module_is_main_msgpack___packer) {
+    if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "__name__", __pyx_n_s_main) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  }
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  {
+    PyObject *modules = PyImport_GetModuleDict(); if (unlikely(!modules)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+    if (!PyDict_GetItemString(modules, "msgpack._packer")) {
+      if (unlikely(PyDict_SetItemString(modules, "msgpack._packer", __pyx_m) < 0)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+    }
+  }
+  #endif
+  /*--- Builtin init code ---*/
+  if (__Pyx_InitCachedBuiltins() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  /*--- Constants init code ---*/
+  if (__Pyx_InitCachedConstants() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  /*--- Global init code ---*/
+  /*--- Variable export code ---*/
+  /*--- Function export code ---*/
+  /*--- Type init code ---*/
+  __pyx_vtabptr_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer = &__pyx_vtable_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer;
+  __pyx_vtable_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer._pack = (int (*)(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *, PyObject *, struct __pyx_opt_args_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack *__pyx_optional_args))__pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer__pack;
+  __pyx_vtable_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer.pack = (PyObject *(*)(struct __pyx_obj_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer *, PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch))__pyx_f_7msgpack_7_packer_6Packer_pack;
+  if (PyType_Ready(&__pyx_type_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 56, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_type_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer.tp_print = 0;
+  if (__Pyx_SetVtable(__pyx_type_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer.tp_dict, __pyx_vtabptr_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 56, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (PyObject_SetAttrString(__pyx_m, "Packer", (PyObject *)&__pyx_type_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 56, __pyx_L1_error)
+  if (__Pyx_setup_reduce((PyObject*)&__pyx_type_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 56, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_ptype_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer = &__pyx_type_7msgpack_7_packer_Packer;
+  /*--- Type import code ---*/
+  __pyx_ptype_7cpython_4type_type = __Pyx_ImportType(__Pyx_BUILTIN_MODULE_NAME, "type", 
+  #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+  sizeof(PyTypeObject),
+  #else
+  sizeof(PyHeapTypeObject),
+  #endif
+  0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_ptype_7cpython_4type_type)) __PYX_ERR(2, 9, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_ptype_7cpython_4bool_bool = __Pyx_ImportType(__Pyx_BUILTIN_MODULE_NAME, "bool", sizeof(PyBoolObject), 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_ptype_7cpython_4bool_bool)) __PYX_ERR(3, 8, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_ptype_7cpython_7complex_complex = __Pyx_ImportType(__Pyx_BUILTIN_MODULE_NAME, "complex", sizeof(PyComplexObject), 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_ptype_7cpython_7complex_complex)) __PYX_ERR(4, 15, __pyx_L1_error)
+  /*--- Variable import code ---*/
+  /*--- Function import code ---*/
+  /*--- Execution code ---*/
+  #if defined(__Pyx_Generator_USED) || defined(__Pyx_Coroutine_USED)
+  if (__Pyx_patch_abc() < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  #endif
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":8
+ * from cpython.exc cimport PyErr_WarnEx
+ * 
+ * from msgpack.exceptions import PackValueError, PackOverflowError             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * from msgpack import ExtType
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = PyList_New(2); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 8, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_n_s_PackValueError);
+  PyList_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_1, 0, __pyx_n_s_PackValueError);
+  __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_n_s_PackOverflowError);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_n_s_PackOverflowError);
+  PyList_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_1, 1, __pyx_n_s_PackOverflowError);
+  __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_Import(__pyx_n_s_msgpack_exceptions, __pyx_t_1, -1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 8, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_ImportFrom(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_n_s_PackValueError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 8, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_PackValueError, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 8, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_ImportFrom(__pyx_t_2, __pyx_n_s_PackOverflowError); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 8, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_PackOverflowError, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 8, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":9
+ * 
+ * from msgpack.exceptions import PackValueError, PackOverflowError
+ * from msgpack import ExtType             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_t_2 = PyList_New(1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 9, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  __Pyx_INCREF(__pyx_n_s_ExtType);
+  __Pyx_GIVEREF(__pyx_n_s_ExtType);
+  PyList_SET_ITEM(__pyx_t_2, 0, __pyx_n_s_ExtType);
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_Import(__pyx_n_s_msgpack, __pyx_t_2, -1); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 9, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+  __pyx_t_2 = __Pyx_ImportFrom(__pyx_t_1, __pyx_n_s_ExtType); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_2)) __PYX_ERR(0, 9, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_ExtType, __pyx_t_2) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 9, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_2); __pyx_t_2 = 0;
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":44
+ *     int msgpack_pack_unicode(msgpack_packer* pk, object o, long long limit)
+ * 
+ * cdef int DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT=511             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * cdef long long ITEM_LIMIT = (2**32)-1
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT = 0x1FF;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":45
+ * 
+ * cdef int DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT=511
+ * cdef long long ITEM_LIMIT = (2**32)-1             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * 
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_ITEM_LIMIT = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":150
+ *         self.pk.buf = NULL
+ * 
+ *     cdef int _pack(self, object o, int nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT) except -1:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *         cdef long long llval
+ *         cdef unsigned long long ullval
+ */
+  __pyx_k__3 = __pyx_v_7msgpack_7_packer_DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT;
+
+  /* "msgpack/_packer.pyx":1
+ * # coding: utf-8             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * #cython: embedsignature=True, c_string_encoding=ascii
+ * 
+ */
+  __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyDict_NewPresized(0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  if (PyDict_SetItem(__pyx_d, __pyx_n_s_test, __pyx_t_1) < 0) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __Pyx_DECREF(__pyx_t_1); __pyx_t_1 = 0;
+
+  /*--- Wrapped vars code ---*/
+
+  goto __pyx_L0;
+  __pyx_L1_error:;
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_1);
+  __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2);
+  if (__pyx_m) {
+    if (__pyx_d) {
+      __Pyx_AddTraceback("init msgpack._packer", 0, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+    }
+    Py_DECREF(__pyx_m); __pyx_m = 0;
+  } else if (!PyErr_Occurred()) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ImportError, "init msgpack._packer");
+  }
+  __pyx_L0:;
+  __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
+  #if CYTHON_PEP489_MULTI_PHASE_INIT
+  return (__pyx_m != NULL) ? 0 : -1;
+  #elif PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+  return __pyx_m;
+  #else
+  return;
+  #endif
+}
+
+/* --- Runtime support code --- */
+/* Refnanny */
+#if CYTHON_REFNANNY
+static __Pyx_RefNannyAPIStruct *__Pyx_RefNannyImportAPI(const char *modname) {
+    PyObject *m = NULL, *p = NULL;
+    void *r = NULL;
+    m = PyImport_ImportModule((char *)modname);
+    if (!m) goto end;
+    p = PyObject_GetAttrString(m, (char *)"RefNannyAPI");
+    if (!p) goto end;
+    r = PyLong_AsVoidPtr(p);
+end:
+    Py_XDECREF(p);
+    Py_XDECREF(m);
+    return (__Pyx_RefNannyAPIStruct *)r;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* GetBuiltinName */
+static PyObject *__Pyx_GetBuiltinName(PyObject *name) {
+    PyObject* result = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_b, name);
+    if (unlikely(!result)) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_NameError,
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+            "name '%U' is not defined", name);
+#else
+            "name '%.200s' is not defined", PyString_AS_STRING(name));
+#endif
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* RaiseArgTupleInvalid */
+static void __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid(
+    const char* func_name,
+    int exact,
+    Py_ssize_t num_min,
+    Py_ssize_t num_max,
+    Py_ssize_t num_found)
+{
+    Py_ssize_t num_expected;
+    const char *more_or_less;
+    if (num_found < num_min) {
+        num_expected = num_min;
+        more_or_less = "at least";
+    } else {
+        num_expected = num_max;
+        more_or_less = "at most";
+    }
+    if (exact) {
+        more_or_less = "exactly";
+    }
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                 "%.200s() takes %.8s %" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d positional argument%.1s (%" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d given)",
+                 func_name, more_or_less, num_expected,
+                 (num_expected == 1) ? "" : "s", num_found);
+}
+
+/* KeywordStringCheck */
+static int __Pyx_CheckKeywordStrings(
+    PyObject *kwdict,
+    const char* function_name,
+    int kw_allowed)
+{
+    PyObject* key = 0;
+    Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+    if (!kw_allowed && PyDict_Next(kwdict, &pos, &key, 0))
+        goto invalid_keyword;
+    return 1;
+#else
+    while (PyDict_Next(kwdict, &pos, &key, 0)) {
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        if (unlikely(!PyString_Check(key)))
+        #endif
+            if (unlikely(!PyUnicode_Check(key)))
+                goto invalid_keyword_type;
+    }
+    if ((!kw_allowed) && unlikely(key))
+        goto invalid_keyword;
+    return 1;
+invalid_keyword_type:
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+        "%.200s() keywords must be strings", function_name);
+    return 0;
+#endif
+invalid_keyword:
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        "%.200s() got an unexpected keyword argument '%.200s'",
+        function_name, PyString_AsString(key));
+    #else
+        "%s() got an unexpected keyword argument '%U'",
+        function_name, key);
+    #endif
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* PyObjectCall */
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_Call(PyObject *func, PyObject *arg, PyObject *kw) {
+    PyObject *result;
+    ternaryfunc call = func->ob_type->tp_call;
+    if (unlikely(!call))
+        return PyObject_Call(func, arg, kw);
+    if (unlikely(Py_EnterRecursiveCall((char*)" while calling a Python object")))
+        return NULL;
+    result = (*call)(func, arg, kw);
+    Py_LeaveRecursiveCall();
+    if (unlikely(!result) && unlikely(!PyErr_Occurred())) {
+        PyErr_SetString(
+            PyExc_SystemError,
+            "NULL result without error in PyObject_Call");
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* PyErrFetchRestore */
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ErrRestoreInState(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb) {
+    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+    tmp_type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->curexc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+    tstate->curexc_type = type;
+    tstate->curexc_value = value;
+    tstate->curexc_traceback = tb;
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ErrFetchInState(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+    *type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    *value = tstate->curexc_value;
+    *tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+    tstate->curexc_type = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_value = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_traceback = 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* RaiseException */
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+static void __Pyx_Raise(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb,
+                        CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *cause) {
+    __Pyx_PyThreadState_declare
+    Py_XINCREF(type);
+    if (!value || value == Py_None)
+        value = NULL;
+    else
+        Py_INCREF(value);
+    if (!tb || tb == Py_None)
+        tb = NULL;
+    else {
+        Py_INCREF(tb);
+        if (!PyTraceBack_Check(tb)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                "raise: arg 3 must be a traceback or None");
+            goto raise_error;
+        }
+    }
+    if (PyType_Check(type)) {
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+        if (!value) {
+            Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+            value = Py_None;
+        }
+#endif
+        PyErr_NormalizeException(&type, &value, &tb);
+    } else {
+        if (value) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                "instance exception may not have a separate value");
+            goto raise_error;
+        }
+        value = type;
+        type = (PyObject*) Py_TYPE(type);
+        Py_INCREF(type);
+        if (!PyType_IsSubtype((PyTypeObject *)type, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                "raise: exception class must be a subclass of BaseException");
+            goto raise_error;
+        }
+    }
+    __Pyx_PyThreadState_assign
+    __Pyx_ErrRestore(type, value, tb);
+    return;
+raise_error:
+    Py_XDECREF(value);
+    Py_XDECREF(type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tb);
+    return;
+}
+#else
+static void __Pyx_Raise(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb, PyObject *cause) {
+    PyObject* owned_instance = NULL;
+    if (tb == Py_None) {
+        tb = 0;
+    } else if (tb && !PyTraceBack_Check(tb)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+            "raise: arg 3 must be a traceback or None");
+        goto bad;
+    }
+    if (value == Py_None)
+        value = 0;
+    if (PyExceptionInstance_Check(type)) {
+        if (value) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                "instance exception may not have a separate value");
+            goto bad;
+        }
+        value = type;
+        type = (PyObject*) Py_TYPE(value);
+    } else if (PyExceptionClass_Check(type)) {
+        PyObject *instance_class = NULL;
+        if (value && PyExceptionInstance_Check(value)) {
+            instance_class = (PyObject*) Py_TYPE(value);
+            if (instance_class != type) {
+                int is_subclass = PyObject_IsSubclass(instance_class, type);
+                if (!is_subclass) {
+                    instance_class = NULL;
+                } else if (unlikely(is_subclass == -1)) {
+                    goto bad;
+                } else {
+                    type = instance_class;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (!instance_class) {
+            PyObject *args;
+            if (!value)
+                args = PyTuple_New(0);
+            else if (PyTuple_Check(value)) {
+                Py_INCREF(value);
+                args = value;
+            } else
+                args = PyTuple_Pack(1, value);
+            if (!args)
+                goto bad;
+            owned_instance = PyObject_Call(type, args, NULL);
+            Py_DECREF(args);
+            if (!owned_instance)
+                goto bad;
+            value = owned_instance;
+            if (!PyExceptionInstance_Check(value)) {
+                PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                             "calling %R should have returned an instance of "
+                             "BaseException, not %R",
+                             type, Py_TYPE(value));
+                goto bad;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+            "raise: exception class must be a subclass of BaseException");
+        goto bad;
+    }
+    if (cause) {
+        PyObject *fixed_cause;
+        if (cause == Py_None) {
+            fixed_cause = NULL;
+        } else if (PyExceptionClass_Check(cause)) {
+            fixed_cause = PyObject_CallObject(cause, NULL);
+            if (fixed_cause == NULL)
+                goto bad;
+        } else if (PyExceptionInstance_Check(cause)) {
+            fixed_cause = cause;
+            Py_INCREF(fixed_cause);
+        } else {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                            "exception causes must derive from "
+                            "BaseException");
+            goto bad;
+        }
+        PyException_SetCause(value, fixed_cause);
+    }
+    PyErr_SetObject(type, value);
+    if (tb) {
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+        PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+        PyErr_Fetch(&tmp_type, &tmp_value, &tmp_tb);
+        Py_INCREF(tb);
+        PyErr_Restore(tmp_type, tmp_value, tb);
+        Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+#else
+        PyThreadState *tstate = __Pyx_PyThreadState_Current;
+        PyObject* tmp_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+        if (tb != tmp_tb) {
+            Py_INCREF(tb);
+            tstate->curexc_traceback = tb;
+            Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(owned_instance);
+    return;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* RaiseDoubleKeywords */
+static void __Pyx_RaiseDoubleKeywordsError(
+    const char* func_name,
+    PyObject* kw_name)
+{
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+        "%s() got multiple values for keyword argument '%U'", func_name, kw_name);
+        #else
+        "%s() got multiple values for keyword argument '%s'", func_name,
+        PyString_AsString(kw_name));
+        #endif
+}
+
+/* ParseKeywords */
+static int __Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(
+    PyObject *kwds,
+    PyObject **argnames[],
+    PyObject *kwds2,
+    PyObject *values[],
+    Py_ssize_t num_pos_args,
+    const char* function_name)
+{
+    PyObject *key = 0, *value = 0;
+    Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
+    PyObject*** name;
+    PyObject*** first_kw_arg = argnames + num_pos_args;
+    while (PyDict_Next(kwds, &pos, &key, &value)) {
+        name = first_kw_arg;
+        while (*name && (**name != key)) name++;
+        if (*name) {
+            values[name-argnames] = value;
+            continue;
+        }
+        name = first_kw_arg;
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        if (likely(PyString_CheckExact(key)) || likely(PyString_Check(key))) {
+            while (*name) {
+                if ((CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY || PyString_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyString_GET_SIZE(key))
+                        && _PyString_Eq(**name, key)) {
+                    values[name-argnames] = value;
+                    break;
+                }
+                name++;
+            }
+            if (*name) continue;
+            else {
+                PyObject*** argname = argnames;
+                while (argname != first_kw_arg) {
+                    if ((**argname == key) || (
+                            (CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY || PyString_GET_SIZE(**argname) == PyString_GET_SIZE(key))
+                             && _PyString_Eq(**argname, key))) {
+                        goto arg_passed_twice;
+                    }
+                    argname++;
+                }
+            }
+        } else
+        #endif
+        if (likely(PyUnicode_Check(key))) {
+            while (*name) {
+                int cmp = (**name == key) ? 0 :
+                #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+                    (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**name) != PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key)) ? 1 :
+                #endif
+                    PyUnicode_Compare(**name, key);
+                if (cmp < 0 && unlikely(PyErr_Occurred())) goto bad;
+                if (cmp == 0) {
+                    values[name-argnames] = value;
+                    break;
+                }
+                name++;
+            }
+            if (*name) continue;
+            else {
+                PyObject*** argname = argnames;
+                while (argname != first_kw_arg) {
+                    int cmp = (**argname == key) ? 0 :
+                    #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+                        (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**argname) != PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key)) ? 1 :
+                    #endif
+                        PyUnicode_Compare(**argname, key);
+                    if (cmp < 0 && unlikely(PyErr_Occurred())) goto bad;
+                    if (cmp == 0) goto arg_passed_twice;
+                    argname++;
+                }
+            }
+        } else
+            goto invalid_keyword_type;
+        if (kwds2) {
+            if (unlikely(PyDict_SetItem(kwds2, key, value))) goto bad;
+        } else {
+            goto invalid_keyword;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+arg_passed_twice:
+    __Pyx_RaiseDoubleKeywordsError(function_name, key);
+    goto bad;
+invalid_keyword_type:
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+        "%.200s() keywords must be strings", function_name);
+    goto bad;
+invalid_keyword:
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        "%.200s() got an unexpected keyword argument '%.200s'",
+        function_name, PyString_AsString(key));
+    #else
+        "%s() got an unexpected keyword argument '%U'",
+        function_name, key);
+    #endif
+bad:
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* ExtTypeTest */
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_TypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type) {
+    if (unlikely(!type)) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "Missing type object");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (likely(__Pyx_TypeCheck(obj, type)))
+        return 1;
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "Cannot convert %.200s to %.200s",
+                 Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name, type->tp_name);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* GetModuleGlobalName */
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *__Pyx_GetModuleGlobalName(PyObject *name) {
+    PyObject *result;
+#if !CYTHON_AVOID_BORROWED_REFS
+    result = PyDict_GetItem(__pyx_d, name);
+    if (likely(result)) {
+        Py_INCREF(result);
+    } else {
+#else
+    result = PyObject_GetItem(__pyx_d, name);
+    if (!result) {
+        PyErr_Clear();
+#endif
+        result = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(name);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* SaveResetException */
+  #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionSave(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030700A2
+    *type = tstate->exc_state.exc_type;
+    *value = tstate->exc_state.exc_value;
+    *tb = tstate->exc_state.exc_traceback;
+    #else
+    *type = tstate->exc_type;
+    *value = tstate->exc_value;
+    *tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+    #endif
+    Py_XINCREF(*type);
+    Py_XINCREF(*value);
+    Py_XINCREF(*tb);
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx__ExceptionReset(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb) {
+    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030700A2
+    tmp_type = tstate->exc_state.exc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->exc_state.exc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_state.exc_traceback;
+    tstate->exc_state.exc_type = type;
+    tstate->exc_state.exc_value = value;
+    tstate->exc_state.exc_traceback = tb;
+    #else
+    tmp_type = tstate->exc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->exc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+    tstate->exc_type = type;
+    tstate->exc_value = value;
+    tstate->exc_traceback = tb;
+    #endif
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* PyErrExceptionMatches */
+  #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+static int __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesTuple(PyObject *exc_type, PyObject *tuple) {
+    Py_ssize_t i, n;
+    n = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(tuple);
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
+        if (exc_type == PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, i)) return 1;
+    }
+#endif
+    for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
+        if (__Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc_type, PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, i))) return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesInState(PyThreadState* tstate, PyObject* err) {
+    PyObject *exc_type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    if (exc_type == err) return 1;
+    if (unlikely(!exc_type)) return 0;
+    if (unlikely(PyTuple_Check(err)))
+        return __Pyx_PyErr_ExceptionMatchesTuple(exc_type, err);
+    return __Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc_type, err);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* GetException */
+  #if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+static int __Pyx__GetException(PyThreadState *tstate, PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+#else
+static int __Pyx_GetException(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
+#endif
+    PyObject *local_type, *local_value, *local_tb;
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
+    local_type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    local_value = tstate->curexc_value;
+    local_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+    tstate->curexc_type = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_value = 0;
+    tstate->curexc_traceback = 0;
+#else
+    PyErr_Fetch(&local_type, &local_value, &local_tb);
+#endif
+    PyErr_NormalizeException(&local_type, &local_value, &local_tb);
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+    if (unlikely(tstate->curexc_type))
+#else
+    if (unlikely(PyErr_Occurred()))
+#endif
+        goto bad;
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    if (local_tb) {
+        if (unlikely(PyException_SetTraceback(local_value, local_tb) < 0))
+            goto bad;
+    }
+    #endif
+    Py_XINCREF(local_tb);
+    Py_XINCREF(local_type);
+    Py_XINCREF(local_value);
+    *type = local_type;
+    *value = local_value;
+    *tb = local_tb;
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+    #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x030700A2
+    tmp_type = tstate->exc_state.exc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->exc_state.exc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_state.exc_traceback;
+    tstate->exc_state.exc_type = local_type;
+    tstate->exc_state.exc_value = local_value;
+    tstate->exc_state.exc_traceback = local_tb;
+    #else
+    tmp_type = tstate->exc_type;
+    tmp_value = tstate->exc_value;
+    tmp_tb = tstate->exc_traceback;
+    tstate->exc_type = local_type;
+    tstate->exc_value = local_value;
+    tstate->exc_traceback = local_tb;
+    #endif
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
+#else
+    PyErr_SetExcInfo(local_type, local_value, local_tb);
+#endif
+    return 0;
+bad:
+    *type = 0;
+    *value = 0;
+    *tb = 0;
+    Py_XDECREF(local_type);
+    Py_XDECREF(local_value);
+    Py_XDECREF(local_tb);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* PyCFunctionFastCall */
+    #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject * __Pyx_PyCFunction_FastCall(PyObject *func_obj, PyObject **args, Py_ssize_t nargs) {
+    PyCFunctionObject *func = (PyCFunctionObject*)func_obj;
+    PyCFunction meth = PyCFunction_GET_FUNCTION(func);
+    PyObject *self = PyCFunction_GET_SELF(func);
+    int flags = PyCFunction_GET_FLAGS(func);
+    assert(PyCFunction_Check(func));
+    assert(METH_FASTCALL == (flags & ~(METH_CLASS | METH_STATIC | METH_COEXIST | METH_KEYWORDS)));
+    assert(nargs >= 0);
+    assert(nargs == 0 || args != NULL);
+    /* _PyCFunction_FastCallDict() must not be called with an exception set,
+       because it may clear it (directly or indirectly) and so the
+       caller loses its exception */
+    assert(!PyErr_Occurred());
+    if ((PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030700A0) || unlikely(flags & METH_KEYWORDS)) {
+        return (*((__Pyx_PyCFunctionFastWithKeywords)meth)) (self, args, nargs, NULL);
+    } else {
+        return (*((__Pyx_PyCFunctionFast)meth)) (self, args, nargs);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+/* PyFunctionFastCall */
+    #if CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+#include "frameobject.h"
+static PyObject* __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCallNoKw(PyCodeObject *co, PyObject **args, Py_ssize_t na,
+                                               PyObject *globals) {
+    PyFrameObject *f;
+    PyThreadState *tstate = __Pyx_PyThreadState_Current;
+    PyObject **fastlocals;
+    Py_ssize_t i;
+    PyObject *result;
+    assert(globals != NULL);
+    /* XXX Perhaps we should create a specialized
+       PyFrame_New() that doesn't take locals, but does
+       take builtins without sanity checking them.
+       */
+    assert(tstate != NULL);
+    f = PyFrame_New(tstate, co, globals, NULL);
+    if (f == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    fastlocals = f->f_localsplus;
+    for (i = 0; i < na; i++) {
+        Py_INCREF(*args);
+        fastlocals[i] = *args++;
+    }
+    result = PyEval_EvalFrameEx(f,0);
+    ++tstate->recursion_depth;
+    Py_DECREF(f);
+    --tstate->recursion_depth;
+    return result;
+}
+#if 1 || PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x030600B1
+static PyObject *__Pyx_PyFunction_FastCallDict(PyObject *func, PyObject **args, int nargs, PyObject *kwargs) {
+    PyCodeObject *co = (PyCodeObject *)PyFunction_GET_CODE(func);
+    PyObject *globals = PyFunction_GET_GLOBALS(func);
+    PyObject *argdefs = PyFunction_GET_DEFAULTS(func);
+    PyObject *closure;
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    PyObject *kwdefs;
+#endif
+    PyObject *kwtuple, **k;
+    PyObject **d;
+    Py_ssize_t nd;
+    Py_ssize_t nk;
+    PyObject *result;
+    assert(kwargs == NULL || PyDict_Check(kwargs));
+    nk = kwargs ? PyDict_Size(kwargs) : 0;
+    if (Py_EnterRecursiveCall((char*)" while calling a Python object")) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if (
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+            co->co_kwonlyargcount == 0 &&
+#endif
+            likely(kwargs == NULL || nk == 0) &&
+            co->co_flags == (CO_OPTIMIZED | CO_NEWLOCALS | CO_NOFREE)) {
+        if (argdefs == NULL && co->co_argcount == nargs) {
+            result = __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCallNoKw(co, args, nargs, globals);
+            goto done;
+        }
+        else if (nargs == 0 && argdefs != NULL
+                 && co->co_argcount == Py_SIZE(argdefs)) {
+            /* function called with no arguments, but all parameters have
+               a default value: use default values as arguments .*/
+            args = &PyTuple_GET_ITEM(argdefs, 0);
+            result =__Pyx_PyFunction_FastCallNoKw(co, args, Py_SIZE(argdefs), globals);
+            goto done;
+        }
+    }
+    if (kwargs != NULL) {
+        Py_ssize_t pos, i;
+        kwtuple = PyTuple_New(2 * nk);
+        if (kwtuple == NULL) {
+            result = NULL;
+            goto done;
+        }
+        k = &PyTuple_GET_ITEM(kwtuple, 0);
+        pos = i = 0;
+        while (PyDict_Next(kwargs, &pos, &k[i], &k[i+1])) {
+            Py_INCREF(k[i]);
+            Py_INCREF(k[i+1]);
+            i += 2;
+        }
+        nk = i / 2;
+    }
+    else {
+        kwtuple = NULL;
+        k = NULL;
+    }
+    closure = PyFunction_GET_CLOSURE(func);
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    kwdefs = PyFunction_GET_KW_DEFAULTS(func);
+#endif
+    if (argdefs != NULL) {
+        d = &PyTuple_GET_ITEM(argdefs, 0);
+        nd = Py_SIZE(argdefs);
+    }
+    else {
+        d = NULL;
+        nd = 0;
+    }
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    result = PyEval_EvalCodeEx((PyObject*)co, globals, (PyObject *)NULL,
+                               args, nargs,
+                               k, (int)nk,
+                               d, (int)nd, kwdefs, closure);
+#else
+    result = PyEval_EvalCodeEx(co, globals, (PyObject *)NULL,
+                               args, nargs,
+                               k, (int)nk,
+                               d, (int)nd, closure);
+#endif
+    Py_XDECREF(kwtuple);
+done:
+    Py_LeaveRecursiveCall();
+    return result;
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* PyObjectCallMethO */
+    #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_CallMethO(PyObject *func, PyObject *arg) {
+    PyObject *self, *result;
+    PyCFunction cfunc;
+    cfunc = PyCFunction_GET_FUNCTION(func);
+    self = PyCFunction_GET_SELF(func);
+    if (unlikely(Py_EnterRecursiveCall((char*)" while calling a Python object")))
+        return NULL;
+    result = cfunc(self, arg);
+    Py_LeaveRecursiveCall();
+    if (unlikely(!result) && unlikely(!PyErr_Occurred())) {
+        PyErr_SetString(
+            PyExc_SystemError,
+            "NULL result without error in PyObject_Call");
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* PyObjectCallOneArg */
+    #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+static PyObject* __Pyx__PyObject_CallOneArg(PyObject *func, PyObject *arg) {
+    PyObject *result;
+    PyObject *args = PyTuple_New(1);
+    if (unlikely(!args)) return NULL;
+    Py_INCREF(arg);
+    PyTuple_SET_ITEM(args, 0, arg);
+    result = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(func, args, NULL);
+    Py_DECREF(args);
+    return result;
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(PyObject *func, PyObject *arg) {
+#if CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+    if (PyFunction_Check(func)) {
+        return __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCall(func, &arg, 1);
+    }
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyCFunction_Check(func))) {
+        if (likely(PyCFunction_GET_FLAGS(func) & METH_O)) {
+            return __Pyx_PyObject_CallMethO(func, arg);
+#if CYTHON_FAST_PYCCALL
+        } else if (PyCFunction_GET_FLAGS(func) & METH_FASTCALL) {
+            return __Pyx_PyCFunction_FastCall(func, &arg, 1);
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+    return __Pyx__PyObject_CallOneArg(func, arg);
+}
+#else
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(PyObject *func, PyObject *arg) {
+    PyObject *result;
+    PyObject *args = PyTuple_Pack(1, arg);
+    if (unlikely(!args)) return NULL;
+    result = __Pyx_PyObject_Call(func, args, NULL);
+    Py_DECREF(args);
+    return result;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* IterFinish */
+    static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_IterFinish(void) {
+#if CYTHON_FAST_THREAD_STATE
+    PyThreadState *tstate = __Pyx_PyThreadState_Current;
+    PyObject* exc_type = tstate->curexc_type;
+    if (unlikely(exc_type)) {
+        if (likely(__Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc_type, PyExc_StopIteration))) {
+            PyObject *exc_value, *exc_tb;
+            exc_value = tstate->curexc_value;
+            exc_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
+            tstate->curexc_type = 0;
+            tstate->curexc_value = 0;
+            tstate->curexc_traceback = 0;
+            Py_DECREF(exc_type);
+            Py_XDECREF(exc_value);
+            Py_XDECREF(exc_tb);
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+#else
+    if (unlikely(PyErr_Occurred())) {
+        if (likely(PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_StopIteration))) {
+            PyErr_Clear();
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* PyObjectCallNoArg */
+    #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_CallNoArg(PyObject *func) {
+#if CYTHON_FAST_PYCALL
+    if (PyFunction_Check(func)) {
+        return __Pyx_PyFunction_FastCall(func, NULL, 0);
+    }
+#endif
+#ifdef __Pyx_CyFunction_USED
+    if (likely(PyCFunction_Check(func) || __Pyx_TypeCheck(func, __pyx_CyFunctionType))) {
+#else
+    if (likely(PyCFunction_Check(func))) {
+#endif
+        if (likely(PyCFunction_GET_FLAGS(func) & METH_NOARGS)) {
+            return __Pyx_PyObject_CallMethO(func, NULL);
+        }
+    }
+    return __Pyx_PyObject_Call(func, __pyx_empty_tuple, NULL);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* PyObjectCallMethod0 */
+      static PyObject* __Pyx_PyObject_CallMethod0(PyObject* obj, PyObject* method_name) {
+    PyObject *method, *result = NULL;
+    method = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(obj, method_name);
+    if (unlikely(!method)) goto bad;
+#if CYTHON_UNPACK_METHODS
+    if (likely(PyMethod_Check(method))) {
+        PyObject *self = PyMethod_GET_SELF(method);
+        if (likely(self)) {
+            PyObject *function = PyMethod_GET_FUNCTION(method);
+            result = __Pyx_PyObject_CallOneArg(function, self);
+            Py_DECREF(method);
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+    result = __Pyx_PyObject_CallNoArg(method);
+    Py_DECREF(method);
+bad:
+    return result;
+}
+
+/* RaiseNeedMoreValuesToUnpack */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(Py_ssize_t index) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                 "need more than %" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d value%.1s to unpack",
+                 index, (index == 1) ? "" : "s");
+}
+
+/* RaiseTooManyValuesToUnpack */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(Py_ssize_t expected) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                 "too many values to unpack (expected %" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d)", expected);
+}
+
+/* UnpackItemEndCheck */
+      static int __Pyx_IternextUnpackEndCheck(PyObject *retval, Py_ssize_t expected) {
+    if (unlikely(retval)) {
+        Py_DECREF(retval);
+        __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(expected);
+        return -1;
+    } else {
+        return __Pyx_IterFinish();
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* RaiseNoneIterError */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseNoneNotIterableError(void) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "'NoneType' object is not iterable");
+}
+
+/* UnpackTupleError */
+      static void __Pyx_UnpackTupleError(PyObject *t, Py_ssize_t index) {
+    if (t == Py_None) {
+      __Pyx_RaiseNoneNotIterableError();
+    } else if (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(t) < index) {
+      __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(t));
+    } else {
+      __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(index);
+    }
+}
+
+/* UnpackTuple2 */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_unpack_tuple2_exact(
+        PyObject* tuple, PyObject** pvalue1, PyObject** pvalue2, int decref_tuple) {
+    PyObject *value1 = NULL, *value2 = NULL;
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+    value1 = PySequence_ITEM(tuple, 0);  if (unlikely(!value1)) goto bad;
+    value2 = PySequence_ITEM(tuple, 1);  if (unlikely(!value2)) goto bad;
+#else
+    value1 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, 0);  Py_INCREF(value1);
+    value2 = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, 1);  Py_INCREF(value2);
+#endif
+    if (decref_tuple) {
+        Py_DECREF(tuple);
+    }
+    *pvalue1 = value1;
+    *pvalue2 = value2;
+    return 0;
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(value1);
+    Py_XDECREF(value2);
+    if (decref_tuple) { Py_XDECREF(tuple); }
+    return -1;
+#endif
+}
+static int __Pyx_unpack_tuple2_generic(PyObject* tuple, PyObject** pvalue1, PyObject** pvalue2,
+                                       int has_known_size, int decref_tuple) {
+    Py_ssize_t index;
+    PyObject *value1 = NULL, *value2 = NULL, *iter = NULL;
+    iternextfunc iternext;
+    iter = PyObject_GetIter(tuple);
+    if (unlikely(!iter)) goto bad;
+    if (decref_tuple) { Py_DECREF(tuple); tuple = NULL; }
+    iternext = Py_TYPE(iter)->tp_iternext;
+    value1 = iternext(iter); if (unlikely(!value1)) { index = 0; goto unpacking_failed; }
+    value2 = iternext(iter); if (unlikely(!value2)) { index = 1; goto unpacking_failed; }
+    if (!has_known_size && unlikely(__Pyx_IternextUnpackEndCheck(iternext(iter), 2))) goto bad;
+    Py_DECREF(iter);
+    *pvalue1 = value1;
+    *pvalue2 = value2;
+    return 0;
+unpacking_failed:
+    if (!has_known_size && __Pyx_IterFinish() == 0)
+        __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(index);
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(iter);
+    Py_XDECREF(value1);
+    Py_XDECREF(value2);
+    if (decref_tuple) { Py_XDECREF(tuple); }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* dict_iter */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_dict_iterator(PyObject* iterable, int is_dict, PyObject* method_name,
+                                                   Py_ssize_t* p_orig_length, int* p_source_is_dict) {
+    is_dict = is_dict || likely(PyDict_CheckExact(iterable));
+    *p_source_is_dict = is_dict;
+    if (is_dict) {
+#if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+        *p_orig_length = PyDict_Size(iterable);
+        Py_INCREF(iterable);
+        return iterable;
+#elif PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+        static PyObject *py_items = NULL, *py_keys = NULL, *py_values = NULL;
+        PyObject **pp = NULL;
+        if (method_name) {
+            const char *name = PyUnicode_AsUTF8(method_name);
+            if (strcmp(name, "iteritems") == 0) pp = &py_items;
+            else if (strcmp(name, "iterkeys") == 0) pp = &py_keys;
+            else if (strcmp(name, "itervalues") == 0) pp = &py_values;
+            if (pp) {
+                if (!*pp) {
+                    *pp = PyUnicode_FromString(name + 4);
+                    if (!*pp)
+                        return NULL;
+                }
+                method_name = *pp;
+            }
+        }
+#endif
+    }
+    *p_orig_length = 0;
+    if (method_name) {
+        PyObject* iter;
+        iterable = __Pyx_PyObject_CallMethod0(iterable, method_name);
+        if (!iterable)
+            return NULL;
+#if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+        if (PyTuple_CheckExact(iterable) || PyList_CheckExact(iterable))
+            return iterable;
+#endif
+        iter = PyObject_GetIter(iterable);
+        Py_DECREF(iterable);
+        return iter;
+    }
+    return PyObject_GetIter(iterable);
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_dict_iter_next(
+        PyObject* iter_obj, CYTHON_NCP_UNUSED Py_ssize_t orig_length, CYTHON_NCP_UNUSED Py_ssize_t* ppos,
+        PyObject** pkey, PyObject** pvalue, PyObject** pitem, int source_is_dict) {
+    PyObject* next_item;
+#if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
+    if (source_is_dict) {
+        PyObject *key, *value;
+        if (unlikely(orig_length != PyDict_Size(iter_obj))) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "dictionary changed size during iteration");
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (unlikely(!PyDict_Next(iter_obj, ppos, &key, &value))) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (pitem) {
+            PyObject* tuple = PyTuple_New(2);
+            if (unlikely(!tuple)) {
+                return -1;
+            }
+            Py_INCREF(key);
+            Py_INCREF(value);
+            PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, 0, key);
+            PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, 1, value);
+            *pitem = tuple;
+        } else {
+            if (pkey) {
+                Py_INCREF(key);
+                *pkey = key;
+            }
+            if (pvalue) {
+                Py_INCREF(value);
+                *pvalue = value;
+            }
+        }
+        return 1;
+    } else if (PyTuple_CheckExact(iter_obj)) {
+        Py_ssize_t pos = *ppos;
+        if (unlikely(pos >= PyTuple_GET_SIZE(iter_obj))) return 0;
+        *ppos = pos + 1;
+        next_item = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(iter_obj, pos);
+        Py_INCREF(next_item);
+    } else if (PyList_CheckExact(iter_obj)) {
+        Py_ssize_t pos = *ppos;
+        if (unlikely(pos >= PyList_GET_SIZE(iter_obj))) return 0;
+        *ppos = pos + 1;
+        next_item = PyList_GET_ITEM(iter_obj, pos);
+        Py_INCREF(next_item);
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+        next_item = PyIter_Next(iter_obj);
+        if (unlikely(!next_item)) {
+            return __Pyx_IterFinish();
+        }
+    }
+    if (pitem) {
+        *pitem = next_item;
+    } else if (pkey && pvalue) {
+        if (__Pyx_unpack_tuple2(next_item, pkey, pvalue, source_is_dict, source_is_dict, 1))
+            return -1;
+    } else if (pkey) {
+        *pkey = next_item;
+    } else {
+        *pvalue = next_item;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/* SetVTable */
+      static int __Pyx_SetVtable(PyObject *dict, void *vtable) {
+#if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02070000
+    PyObject *ob = PyCapsule_New(vtable, 0, 0);
+#else
+    PyObject *ob = PyCObject_FromVoidPtr(vtable, 0);
+#endif
+    if (!ob)
+        goto bad;
+    if (PyDict_SetItem(dict, __pyx_n_s_pyx_vtable, ob) < 0)
+        goto bad;
+    Py_DECREF(ob);
+    return 0;
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(ob);
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* SetupReduce */
+      static int __Pyx_setup_reduce_is_named(PyObject* meth, PyObject* name) {
+  int ret;
+  PyObject *name_attr;
+  name_attr = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(meth, __pyx_n_s_name);
+  if (likely(name_attr)) {
+      ret = PyObject_RichCompareBool(name_attr, name, Py_EQ);
+  } else {
+      ret = -1;
+  }
+  if (unlikely(ret < 0)) {
+      PyErr_Clear();
+      ret = 0;
+  }
+  Py_XDECREF(name_attr);
+  return ret;
+}
+static int __Pyx_setup_reduce(PyObject* type_obj) {
+    int ret = 0;
+    PyObject *object_reduce = NULL;
+    PyObject *object_reduce_ex = NULL;
+    PyObject *reduce = NULL;
+    PyObject *reduce_ex = NULL;
+    PyObject *reduce_cython = NULL;
+    PyObject *setstate = NULL;
+    PyObject *setstate_cython = NULL;
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP
+    if (_PyType_Lookup((PyTypeObject*)type_obj, __pyx_n_s_getstate)) goto GOOD;
+#else
+    if (PyObject_HasAttr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_getstate)) goto GOOD;
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP
+    object_reduce_ex = _PyType_Lookup(&PyBaseObject_Type, __pyx_n_s_reduce_ex); if (!object_reduce_ex) goto BAD;
+#else
+    object_reduce_ex = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr((PyObject*)&PyBaseObject_Type, __pyx_n_s_reduce_ex); if (!object_reduce_ex) goto BAD;
+#endif
+    reduce_ex = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_reduce_ex); if (unlikely(!reduce_ex)) goto BAD;
+    if (reduce_ex == object_reduce_ex) {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP
+        object_reduce = _PyType_Lookup(&PyBaseObject_Type, __pyx_n_s_reduce); if (!object_reduce) goto BAD;
+#else
+        object_reduce = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr((PyObject*)&PyBaseObject_Type, __pyx_n_s_reduce); if (!object_reduce) goto BAD;
+#endif
+        reduce = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_reduce); if (unlikely(!reduce)) goto BAD;
+        if (reduce == object_reduce || __Pyx_setup_reduce_is_named(reduce, __pyx_n_s_reduce_cython)) {
+            reduce_cython = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_reduce_cython); if (unlikely(!reduce_cython)) goto BAD;
+            ret = PyDict_SetItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_reduce, reduce_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto BAD;
+            ret = PyDict_DelItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_reduce_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto BAD;
+            setstate = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_setstate);
+            if (!setstate) PyErr_Clear();
+            if (!setstate || __Pyx_setup_reduce_is_named(setstate, __pyx_n_s_setstate_cython)) {
+                setstate_cython = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(type_obj, __pyx_n_s_setstate_cython); if (unlikely(!setstate_cython)) goto BAD;
+                ret = PyDict_SetItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_setstate, setstate_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto BAD;
+                ret = PyDict_DelItem(((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_dict, __pyx_n_s_setstate_cython); if (unlikely(ret < 0)) goto BAD;
+            }
+            PyType_Modified((PyTypeObject*)type_obj);
+        }
+    }
+    goto GOOD;
+BAD:
+    if (!PyErr_Occurred())
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Unable to initialize pickling for %s", ((PyTypeObject*)type_obj)->tp_name);
+    ret = -1;
+GOOD:
+#if !CYTHON_USE_PYTYPE_LOOKUP
+    Py_XDECREF(object_reduce);
+    Py_XDECREF(object_reduce_ex);
+#endif
+    Py_XDECREF(reduce);
+    Py_XDECREF(reduce_ex);
+    Py_XDECREF(reduce_cython);
+    Py_XDECREF(setstate);
+    Py_XDECREF(setstate_cython);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* Import */
+      static PyObject *__Pyx_Import(PyObject *name, PyObject *from_list, int level) {
+    PyObject *empty_list = 0;
+    PyObject *module = 0;
+    PyObject *global_dict = 0;
+    PyObject *empty_dict = 0;
+    PyObject *list;
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    PyObject *py_import;
+    py_import = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_b, __pyx_n_s_import);
+    if (!py_import)
+        goto bad;
+    #endif
+    if (from_list)
+        list = from_list;
+    else {
+        empty_list = PyList_New(0);
+        if (!empty_list)
+            goto bad;
+        list = empty_list;
+    }
+    global_dict = PyModule_GetDict(__pyx_m);
+    if (!global_dict)
+        goto bad;
+    empty_dict = PyDict_New();
+    if (!empty_dict)
+        goto bad;
+    {
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+        if (level == -1) {
+            if (strchr(__Pyx_MODULE_NAME, '.')) {
+                module = PyImport_ImportModuleLevelObject(
+                    name, global_dict, empty_dict, list, 1);
+                if (!module) {
+                    if (!PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_ImportError))
+                        goto bad;
+                    PyErr_Clear();
+                }
+            }
+            level = 0;
+        }
+        #endif
+        if (!module) {
+            #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+            PyObject *py_level = PyInt_FromLong(level);
+            if (!py_level)
+                goto bad;
+            module = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(py_import,
+                name, global_dict, empty_dict, list, py_level, NULL);
+            Py_DECREF(py_level);
+            #else
+            module = PyImport_ImportModuleLevelObject(
+                name, global_dict, empty_dict, list, level);
+            #endif
+        }
+    }
+bad:
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    Py_XDECREF(py_import);
+    #endif
+    Py_XDECREF(empty_list);
+    Py_XDECREF(empty_dict);
+    return module;
+}
+
+/* ImportFrom */
+      static PyObject* __Pyx_ImportFrom(PyObject* module, PyObject* name) {
+    PyObject* value = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(module, name);
+    if (unlikely(!value) && PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_AttributeError)) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ImportError,
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+            "cannot import name %.230s", PyString_AS_STRING(name));
+        #else
+            "cannot import name %S", name);
+        #endif
+    }
+    return value;
+}
+
+/* CLineInTraceback */
+      #ifndef CYTHON_CLINE_IN_TRACEBACK
+static int __Pyx_CLineForTraceback(CYTHON_UNUSED PyThreadState *tstate, int c_line) {
+    PyObject *use_cline;
+    PyObject *ptype, *pvalue, *ptraceback;
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+    PyObject **cython_runtime_dict;
+#endif
+    __Pyx_ErrFetchInState(tstate, &ptype, &pvalue, &ptraceback);
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+    cython_runtime_dict = _PyObject_GetDictPtr(__pyx_cython_runtime);
+    if (likely(cython_runtime_dict)) {
+      use_cline = PyDict_GetItem(*cython_runtime_dict, __pyx_n_s_cline_in_traceback);
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+      PyObject *use_cline_obj = __Pyx_PyObject_GetAttrStr(__pyx_cython_runtime, __pyx_n_s_cline_in_traceback);
+      if (use_cline_obj) {
+        use_cline = PyObject_Not(use_cline_obj) ? Py_False : Py_True;
+        Py_DECREF(use_cline_obj);
+      } else {
+        PyErr_Clear();
+        use_cline = NULL;
+      }
+    }
+    if (!use_cline) {
+        c_line = 0;
+        PyObject_SetAttr(__pyx_cython_runtime, __pyx_n_s_cline_in_traceback, Py_False);
+    }
+    else if (PyObject_Not(use_cline) != 0) {
+        c_line = 0;
+    }
+    __Pyx_ErrRestoreInState(tstate, ptype, pvalue, ptraceback);
+    return c_line;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* CodeObjectCache */
+      static int __pyx_bisect_code_objects(__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry* entries, int count, int code_line) {
+    int start = 0, mid = 0, end = count - 1;
+    if (end >= 0 && code_line > entries[end].code_line) {
+        return count;
+    }
+    while (start < end) {
+        mid = start + (end - start) / 2;
+        if (code_line < entries[mid].code_line) {
+            end = mid;
+        } else if (code_line > entries[mid].code_line) {
+             start = mid + 1;
+        } else {
+            return mid;
+        }
+    }
+    if (code_line <= entries[mid].code_line) {
+        return mid;
+    } else {
+        return mid + 1;
+    }
+}
+static PyCodeObject *__pyx_find_code_object(int code_line) {
+    PyCodeObject* code_object;
+    int pos;
+    if (unlikely(!code_line) || unlikely(!__pyx_code_cache.entries)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    pos = __pyx_bisect_code_objects(__pyx_code_cache.entries, __pyx_code_cache.count, code_line);
+    if (unlikely(pos >= __pyx_code_cache.count) || unlikely(__pyx_code_cache.entries[pos].code_line != code_line)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    code_object = __pyx_code_cache.entries[pos].code_object;
+    Py_INCREF(code_object);
+    return code_object;
+}
+static void __pyx_insert_code_object(int code_line, PyCodeObject* code_object) {
+    int pos, i;
+    __Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry* entries = __pyx_code_cache.entries;
+    if (unlikely(!code_line)) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (unlikely(!entries)) {
+        entries = (__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry*)PyMem_Malloc(64*sizeof(__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry));
+        if (likely(entries)) {
+            __pyx_code_cache.entries = entries;
+            __pyx_code_cache.max_count = 64;
+            __pyx_code_cache.count = 1;
+            entries[0].code_line = code_line;
+            entries[0].code_object = code_object;
+            Py_INCREF(code_object);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    pos = __pyx_bisect_code_objects(__pyx_code_cache.entries, __pyx_code_cache.count, code_line);
+    if ((pos < __pyx_code_cache.count) && unlikely(__pyx_code_cache.entries[pos].code_line == code_line)) {
+        PyCodeObject* tmp = entries[pos].code_object;
+        entries[pos].code_object = code_object;
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (__pyx_code_cache.count == __pyx_code_cache.max_count) {
+        int new_max = __pyx_code_cache.max_count + 64;
+        entries = (__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry*)PyMem_Realloc(
+            __pyx_code_cache.entries, (size_t)new_max*sizeof(__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry));
+        if (unlikely(!entries)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        __pyx_code_cache.entries = entries;
+        __pyx_code_cache.max_count = new_max;
+    }
+    for (i=__pyx_code_cache.count; i>pos; i--) {
+        entries[i] = entries[i-1];
+    }
+    entries[pos].code_line = code_line;
+    entries[pos].code_object = code_object;
+    __pyx_code_cache.count++;
+    Py_INCREF(code_object);
+}
+
+/* AddTraceback */
+      #include "compile.h"
+#include "frameobject.h"
+#include "traceback.h"
+static PyCodeObject* __Pyx_CreateCodeObjectForTraceback(
+            const char *funcname, int c_line,
+            int py_line, const char *filename) {
+    PyCodeObject *py_code = 0;
+    PyObject *py_srcfile = 0;
+    PyObject *py_funcname = 0;
+    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    py_srcfile = PyString_FromString(filename);
+    #else
+    py_srcfile = PyUnicode_FromString(filename);
+    #endif
+    if (!py_srcfile) goto bad;
+    if (c_line) {
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        py_funcname = PyString_FromFormat( "%s (%s:%d)", funcname, __pyx_cfilenm, c_line);
+        #else
+        py_funcname = PyUnicode_FromFormat( "%s (%s:%d)", funcname, __pyx_cfilenm, c_line);
+        #endif
+    }
+    else {
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        py_funcname = PyString_FromString(funcname);
+        #else
+        py_funcname = PyUnicode_FromString(funcname);
+        #endif
+    }
+    if (!py_funcname) goto bad;
+    py_code = __Pyx_PyCode_New(
+        0,
+        0,
+        0,
+        0,
+        0,
+        __pyx_empty_bytes, /*PyObject *code,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *consts,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *names,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *varnames,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *freevars,*/
+        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *cellvars,*/
+        py_srcfile,   /*PyObject *filename,*/
+        py_funcname,  /*PyObject *name,*/
+        py_line,
+        __pyx_empty_bytes  /*PyObject *lnotab*/
+    );
+    Py_DECREF(py_srcfile);
+    Py_DECREF(py_funcname);
+    return py_code;
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(py_srcfile);
+    Py_XDECREF(py_funcname);
+    return NULL;
+}
+static void __Pyx_AddTraceback(const char *funcname, int c_line,
+                               int py_line, const char *filename) {
+    PyCodeObject *py_code = 0;
+    PyFrameObject *py_frame = 0;
+    PyThreadState *tstate = __Pyx_PyThreadState_Current;
+    if (c_line) {
+        c_line = __Pyx_CLineForTraceback(tstate, c_line);
+    }
+    py_code = __pyx_find_code_object(c_line ? -c_line : py_line);
+    if (!py_code) {
+        py_code = __Pyx_CreateCodeObjectForTraceback(
+            funcname, c_line, py_line, filename);
+        if (!py_code) goto bad;
+        __pyx_insert_code_object(c_line ? -c_line : py_line, py_code);
+    }
+    py_frame = PyFrame_New(
+        tstate,            /*PyThreadState *tstate,*/
+        py_code,           /*PyCodeObject *code,*/
+        __pyx_d,    /*PyObject *globals,*/
+        0                  /*PyObject *locals*/
+    );
+    if (!py_frame) goto bad;
+    __Pyx_PyFrame_SetLineNumber(py_frame, py_line);
+    PyTraceBack_Here(py_frame);
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(py_code);
+    Py_XDECREF(py_frame);
+}
+
+/* CIntFromPyVerify */
+      #define __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(target_type, func_type, func_value)\
+    __PYX__VERIFY_RETURN_INT(target_type, func_type, func_value, 0)
+#define __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(target_type, func_type, func_value)\
+    __PYX__VERIFY_RETURN_INT(target_type, func_type, func_value, 1)
+#define __PYX__VERIFY_RETURN_INT(target_type, func_type, func_value, exc)\
+    {\
+        func_type value = func_value;\
+        if (sizeof(target_type) < sizeof(func_type)) {\
+            if (unlikely(value != (func_type) (target_type) value)) {\
+                func_type zero = 0;\
+                if (exc && unlikely(value == (func_type)-1 && PyErr_Occurred()))\
+                    return (target_type) -1;\
+                if (is_unsigned && unlikely(value < zero))\
+                    goto raise_neg_overflow;\
+                else\
+                    goto raise_overflow;\
+            }\
+        }\
+        return (target_type) value;\
+    }
+
+/* CIntToPy */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyInt_From_int(int value) {
+    const int neg_one = (int) -1, const_zero = (int) 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (is_unsigned) {
+        if (sizeof(int) < sizeof(long)) {
+            return PyInt_FromLong((long) value);
+        } else if (sizeof(int) <= sizeof(unsigned long)) {
+            return PyLong_FromUnsignedLong((unsigned long) value);
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+        } else if (sizeof(int) <= sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+            return PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) value);
+#endif
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (sizeof(int) <= sizeof(long)) {
+            return PyInt_FromLong((long) value);
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+        } else if (sizeof(int) <= sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+            return PyLong_FromLongLong((PY_LONG_LONG) value);
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        int one = 1; int little = (int)*(unsigned char *)&one;
+        unsigned char *bytes = (unsigned char *)&value;
+        return _PyLong_FromByteArray(bytes, sizeof(int),
+                                     little, !is_unsigned);
+    }
+}
+
+/* CIntFromPy */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_As_PY_LONG_LONG(PyObject *x) {
+    const PY_LONG_LONG neg_one = (PY_LONG_LONG) -1, const_zero = (PY_LONG_LONG) 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        if (sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) < sizeof(long)) {
+            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, long, PyInt_AS_LONG(x))
+        } else {
+            long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+            if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+            return (PY_LONG_LONG) val;
+        }
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (PY_LONG_LONG) 0;
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, digit, digits[0])
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) >= 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (PY_LONG_LONG) (((((PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) >= 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (PY_LONG_LONG) (((((((PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) >= 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (PY_LONG_LONG) (((((((((PY_LONG_LONG)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#else
+            {
+                int result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(x, Py_False, Py_LT);
+                if (unlikely(result < 0))
+                    return (PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+                if (unlikely(result == 1))
+                    goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) <= sizeof(unsigned long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) <= sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        } else {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (PY_LONG_LONG) 0;
+                case -1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, sdigit, (sdigit) (-(sdigit)digits[0]))
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG,  digit, +digits[0])
+                case -2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, long, -(long) (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (PY_LONG_LONG) (((PY_LONG_LONG)-1)*(((((PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (PY_LONG_LONG) ((((((PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, long, -(long) (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (PY_LONG_LONG) (((PY_LONG_LONG)-1)*(((((((PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (PY_LONG_LONG) ((((((((PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, long, -(long) (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (PY_LONG_LONG) (((PY_LONG_LONG)-1)*(((((((((PY_LONG_LONG)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (PY_LONG_LONG) ((((((((((PY_LONG_LONG)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) <= sizeof(long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(PY_LONG_LONG, long, PyLong_AsLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG) <= sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(PY_LONG_LONG, PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        }
+        {
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && !defined(_PyLong_AsByteArray)
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+                            "_PyLong_AsByteArray() not available in PyPy, cannot convert large numbers");
+#else
+            PY_LONG_LONG val;
+            PyObject *v = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+ #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+            if (likely(v) && !PyLong_Check(v)) {
+                PyObject *tmp = v;
+                v = PyNumber_Long(tmp);
+                Py_DECREF(tmp);
+            }
+ #endif
+            if (likely(v)) {
+                int one = 1; int is_little = (int)*(unsigned char *)&one;
+                unsigned char *bytes = (unsigned char *)&val;
+                int ret = _PyLong_AsByteArray((PyLongObject *)v,
+                                              bytes, sizeof(val),
+                                              is_little, !is_unsigned);
+                Py_DECREF(v);
+                if (likely(!ret))
+                    return val;
+            }
+#endif
+            return (PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        PY_LONG_LONG val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_As_PY_LONG_LONG(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+raise_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "value too large to convert to PY_LONG_LONG");
+    return (PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+raise_neg_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "can't convert negative value to PY_LONG_LONG");
+    return (PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+}
+
+/* CIntFromPy */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_As_unsigned_PY_LONG_LONG(PyObject *x) {
+    const unsigned PY_LONG_LONG neg_one = (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) -1, const_zero = (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        if (sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) < sizeof(long)) {
+            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, long, PyInt_AS_LONG(x))
+        } else {
+            long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+            if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) val;
+        }
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) 0;
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, digit, digits[0])
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) >= 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) (((((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) >= 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) (((((((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) >= 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) (((((((((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#else
+            {
+                int result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(x, Py_False, Py_LT);
+                if (unlikely(result < 0))
+                    return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+                if (unlikely(result == 1))
+                    goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) <= sizeof(unsigned long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) <= sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        } else {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) 0;
+                case -1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, sdigit, (sdigit) (-(sdigit)digits[0]))
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG,  digit, +digits[0])
+                case -2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, long, -(long) (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) (((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1)*(((((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) ((((((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, long, -(long) (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) (((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1)*(((((((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) ((((((((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, long, -(long) (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) (((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1)*(((((((((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) ((((((((((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) <= sizeof(long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, long, PyLong_AsLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) <= sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        }
+        {
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && !defined(_PyLong_AsByteArray)
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+                            "_PyLong_AsByteArray() not available in PyPy, cannot convert large numbers");
+#else
+            unsigned PY_LONG_LONG val;
+            PyObject *v = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+ #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+            if (likely(v) && !PyLong_Check(v)) {
+                PyObject *tmp = v;
+                v = PyNumber_Long(tmp);
+                Py_DECREF(tmp);
+            }
+ #endif
+            if (likely(v)) {
+                int one = 1; int is_little = (int)*(unsigned char *)&one;
+                unsigned char *bytes = (unsigned char *)&val;
+                int ret = _PyLong_AsByteArray((PyLongObject *)v,
+                                              bytes, sizeof(val),
+                                              is_little, !is_unsigned);
+                Py_DECREF(v);
+                if (likely(!ret))
+                    return val;
+            }
+#endif
+            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        unsigned PY_LONG_LONG val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_As_unsigned_PY_LONG_LONG(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+raise_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "value too large to convert to unsigned PY_LONG_LONG");
+    return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+raise_neg_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "can't convert negative value to unsigned PY_LONG_LONG");
+    return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) -1;
+}
+
+/* CIntFromPy */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE long __Pyx_PyInt_As_long(PyObject *x) {
+    const long neg_one = (long) -1, const_zero = (long) 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        if (sizeof(long) < sizeof(long)) {
+            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, long, PyInt_AS_LONG(x))
+        } else {
+            long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+            if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+            return (long) val;
+        }
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (long) 0;
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, digit, digits[0])
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(long) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(long) >= 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (long) (((((long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(long) >= 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (long) (((((((long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(long) >= 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (long) (((((((((long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#else
+            {
+                int result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(x, Py_False, Py_LT);
+                if (unlikely(result < 0))
+                    return (long) -1;
+                if (unlikely(result == 1))
+                    goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(long) <= sizeof(unsigned long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(long, unsigned long, PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(long) <= sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(long, unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        } else {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (long) 0;
+                case -1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, sdigit, (sdigit) (-(sdigit)digits[0]))
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long,  digit, +digits[0])
+                case -2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(long) - 1 > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, long, -(long) (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(long) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (long) (((long)-1)*(((((long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(long) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(long) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (long) ((((((long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(long) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, long, -(long) (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(long) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (long) (((long)-1)*(((((((long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(long) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (long) ((((((((long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(long) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, long, -(long) (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(long) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (long) (((long)-1)*(((((((((long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(long, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(long) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (long) ((((((((((long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (long)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(long) <= sizeof(long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(long, long, PyLong_AsLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(long) <= sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(long, PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        }
+        {
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && !defined(_PyLong_AsByteArray)
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+                            "_PyLong_AsByteArray() not available in PyPy, cannot convert large numbers");
+#else
+            long val;
+            PyObject *v = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+ #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+            if (likely(v) && !PyLong_Check(v)) {
+                PyObject *tmp = v;
+                v = PyNumber_Long(tmp);
+                Py_DECREF(tmp);
+            }
+ #endif
+            if (likely(v)) {
+                int one = 1; int is_little = (int)*(unsigned char *)&one;
+                unsigned char *bytes = (unsigned char *)&val;
+                int ret = _PyLong_AsByteArray((PyLongObject *)v,
+                                              bytes, sizeof(val),
+                                              is_little, !is_unsigned);
+                Py_DECREF(v);
+                if (likely(!ret))
+                    return val;
+            }
+#endif
+            return (long) -1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        long val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (long) -1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_As_long(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+raise_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "value too large to convert to long");
+    return (long) -1;
+raise_neg_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "can't convert negative value to long");
+    return (long) -1;
+}
+
+/* CIntFromPy */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE char __Pyx_PyInt_As_char(PyObject *x) {
+    const char neg_one = (char) -1, const_zero = (char) 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        if (sizeof(char) < sizeof(long)) {
+            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, long, PyInt_AS_LONG(x))
+        } else {
+            long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+            if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+            return (char) val;
+        }
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (char) 0;
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, digit, digits[0])
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(char) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(char) >= 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (char) (((((char)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(char) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(char) >= 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (char) (((((((char)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(char) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(char) >= 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (char) (((((((((char)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#else
+            {
+                int result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(x, Py_False, Py_LT);
+                if (unlikely(result < 0))
+                    return (char) -1;
+                if (unlikely(result == 1))
+                    goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(char) <= sizeof(unsigned long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(char, unsigned long, PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(char) <= sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(char, unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        } else {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (char) 0;
+                case -1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, sdigit, (sdigit) (-(sdigit)digits[0]))
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char,  digit, +digits[0])
+                case -2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(char) - 1 > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, long, -(long) (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(char) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (char) (((char)-1)*(((((char)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(char) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(char) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (char) ((((((char)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(char) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, long, -(long) (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(char) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (char) (((char)-1)*(((((((char)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(char) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(char) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (char) ((((((((char)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(char) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, long, -(long) (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(char) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (char) (((char)-1)*(((((((((char)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(char) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(char, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(char) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (char) ((((((((((char)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (char)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(char) <= sizeof(long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(char, long, PyLong_AsLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(char) <= sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(char, PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        }
+        {
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && !defined(_PyLong_AsByteArray)
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+                            "_PyLong_AsByteArray() not available in PyPy, cannot convert large numbers");
+#else
+            char val;
+            PyObject *v = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+ #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+            if (likely(v) && !PyLong_Check(v)) {
+                PyObject *tmp = v;
+                v = PyNumber_Long(tmp);
+                Py_DECREF(tmp);
+            }
+ #endif
+            if (likely(v)) {
+                int one = 1; int is_little = (int)*(unsigned char *)&one;
+                unsigned char *bytes = (unsigned char *)&val;
+                int ret = _PyLong_AsByteArray((PyLongObject *)v,
+                                              bytes, sizeof(val),
+                                              is_little, !is_unsigned);
+                Py_DECREF(v);
+                if (likely(!ret))
+                    return val;
+            }
+#endif
+            return (char) -1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        char val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (char) -1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_As_char(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+raise_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "value too large to convert to char");
+    return (char) -1;
+raise_neg_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "can't convert negative value to char");
+    return (char) -1;
+}
+
+/* CIntToPy */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyInt_From_long(long value) {
+    const long neg_one = (long) -1, const_zero = (long) 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+    if (is_unsigned) {
+        if (sizeof(long) < sizeof(long)) {
+            return PyInt_FromLong((long) value);
+        } else if (sizeof(long) <= sizeof(unsigned long)) {
+            return PyLong_FromUnsignedLong((unsigned long) value);
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+        } else if (sizeof(long) <= sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+            return PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) value);
+#endif
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (sizeof(long) <= sizeof(long)) {
+            return PyInt_FromLong((long) value);
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+        } else if (sizeof(long) <= sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+            return PyLong_FromLongLong((PY_LONG_LONG) value);
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        int one = 1; int little = (int)*(unsigned char *)&one;
+        unsigned char *bytes = (unsigned char *)&value;
+        return _PyLong_FromByteArray(bytes, sizeof(long),
+                                     little, !is_unsigned);
+    }
+}
+
+/* CIntFromPy */
+      static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyInt_As_int(PyObject *x) {
+    const int neg_one = (int) -1, const_zero = (int) 0;
+    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
+        if (sizeof(int) < sizeof(long)) {
+            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, long, PyInt_AS_LONG(x))
+        } else {
+            long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
+            if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+            return (int) val;
+        }
+    } else
+#endif
+    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
+        if (is_unsigned) {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (int) 0;
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, digit, digits[0])
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(int) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(int) >= 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (int) (((((int)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(int) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(int) >= 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (int) (((((((int)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(int) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(int) >= 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (int) (((((((((int)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[0]));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
+                goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#else
+            {
+                int result = PyObject_RichCompareBool(x, Py_False, Py_LT);
+                if (unlikely(result < 0))
+                    return (int) -1;
+                if (unlikely(result == 1))
+                    goto raise_neg_overflow;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(int) <= sizeof(unsigned long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(int, unsigned long, PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(int) <= sizeof(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(int, unsigned PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        } else {
+#if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+            const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)x)->ob_digit;
+            switch (Py_SIZE(x)) {
+                case  0: return (int) 0;
+                case -1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, sdigit, (sdigit) (-(sdigit)digits[0]))
+                case  1: __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int,  digit, +digits[0])
+                case -2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, long, -(long) (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (int) (((int)-1)*(((((int)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(int) > 1 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, unsigned long, (((((unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (int) ((((((int)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, long, -(long) (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (int) (((int)-1)*(((((((int)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(int) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, unsigned long, (((((((unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (int) ((((((((int)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case -4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, long, -(long) (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (int) (((int)-1)*(((((((((int)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    if (8 * sizeof(int) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                        if (8 * sizeof(unsigned long) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT(int, unsigned long, (((((((((unsigned long)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (unsigned long)digits[0])))
+                        } else if (8 * sizeof(int) - 1 > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+                            return (int) ((((((((((int)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (int)digits[0])));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+#endif
+            if (sizeof(int) <= sizeof(long)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(int, long, PyLong_AsLong(x))
+#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
+            } else if (sizeof(int) <= sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG)) {
+                __PYX_VERIFY_RETURN_INT_EXC(int, PY_LONG_LONG, PyLong_AsLongLong(x))
+#endif
+            }
+        }
+        {
+#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && !defined(_PyLong_AsByteArray)
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+                            "_PyLong_AsByteArray() not available in PyPy, cannot convert large numbers");
+#else
+            int val;
+            PyObject *v = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+ #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+            if (likely(v) && !PyLong_Check(v)) {
+                PyObject *tmp = v;
+                v = PyNumber_Long(tmp);
+                Py_DECREF(tmp);
+            }
+ #endif
+            if (likely(v)) {
+                int one = 1; int is_little = (int)*(unsigned char *)&one;
+                unsigned char *bytes = (unsigned char *)&val;
+                int ret = _PyLong_AsByteArray((PyLongObject *)v,
+                                              bytes, sizeof(val),
+                                              is_little, !is_unsigned);
+                Py_DECREF(v);
+                if (likely(!ret))
+                    return val;
+            }
+#endif
+            return (int) -1;
+        }
+    } else {
+        int val;
+        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(x);
+        if (!tmp) return (int) -1;
+        val = __Pyx_PyInt_As_int(tmp);
+        Py_DECREF(tmp);
+        return val;
+    }
+raise_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "value too large to convert to int");
+    return (int) -1;
+raise_neg_overflow:
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+        "can't convert negative value to int");
+    return (int) -1;
+}
+
+/* FastTypeChecks */
+      #if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
+static int __Pyx_InBases(PyTypeObject *a, PyTypeObject *b) {
+    while (a) {
+        a = a->tp_base;
+        if (a == b)
+            return 1;
+    }
+    return b == &PyBaseObject_Type;
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_IsSubtype(PyTypeObject *a, PyTypeObject *b) {
+    PyObject *mro;
+    if (a == b) return 1;
+    mro = a->tp_mro;
+    if (likely(mro)) {
+        Py_ssize_t i, n;
+        n = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(mro);
+        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+            if (PyTuple_GET_ITEM(mro, i) == (PyObject *)b)
+                return 1;
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return __Pyx_InBases(a, b);
+}
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION == 2
+static int __Pyx_inner_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches2(PyObject *err, PyObject* exc_type1, PyObject* exc_type2) {
+    PyObject *exception, *value, *tb;
+    int res;
+    __Pyx_PyThreadState_declare
+    __Pyx_PyThreadState_assign
+    __Pyx_ErrFetch(&exception, &value, &tb);
+    res = exc_type1 ? PyObject_IsSubclass(err, exc_type1) : 0;
+    if (unlikely(res == -1)) {
+        PyErr_WriteUnraisable(err);
+        res = 0;
+    }
+    if (!res) {
+        res = PyObject_IsSubclass(err, exc_type2);
+        if (unlikely(res == -1)) {
+            PyErr_WriteUnraisable(err);
+            res = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    __Pyx_ErrRestore(exception, value, tb);
+    return res;
+}
+#else
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_inner_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches2(PyObject *err, PyObject* exc_type1, PyObject *exc_type2) {
+    int res = exc_type1 ? __Pyx_IsSubtype((PyTypeObject*)err, (PyTypeObject*)exc_type1) : 0;
+    if (!res) {
+        res = __Pyx_IsSubtype((PyTypeObject*)err, (PyTypeObject*)exc_type2);
+    }
+    return res;
+}
+#endif
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(PyObject *err, PyObject* exc_type) {
+    if (likely(err == exc_type)) return 1;
+    if (likely(PyExceptionClass_Check(err))) {
+        return __Pyx_inner_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches2(err, NULL, exc_type);
+    }
+    return PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(err, exc_type);
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches2(PyObject *err, PyObject *exc_type1, PyObject *exc_type2) {
+    if (likely(err == exc_type1 || err == exc_type2)) return 1;
+    if (likely(PyExceptionClass_Check(err))) {
+        return __Pyx_inner_PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches2(err, exc_type1, exc_type2);
+    }
+    return (PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(err, exc_type1) || PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(err, exc_type2));
+}
+#endif
+
+/* CheckBinaryVersion */
+      static int __Pyx_check_binary_version(void) {
+    char ctversion[4], rtversion[4];
+    PyOS_snprintf(ctversion, 4, "%d.%d", PY_MAJOR_VERSION, PY_MINOR_VERSION);
+    PyOS_snprintf(rtversion, 4, "%s", Py_GetVersion());
+    if (ctversion[0] != rtversion[0] || ctversion[2] != rtversion[2]) {
+        char message[200];
+        PyOS_snprintf(message, sizeof(message),
+                      "compiletime version %s of module '%.100s' "
+                      "does not match runtime version %s",
+                      ctversion, __Pyx_MODULE_NAME, rtversion);
+        return PyErr_WarnEx(NULL, message, 1);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* ModuleImport */
+      #ifndef __PYX_HAVE_RT_ImportModule
+#define __PYX_HAVE_RT_ImportModule
+static PyObject *__Pyx_ImportModule(const char *name) {
+    PyObject *py_name = 0;
+    PyObject *py_module = 0;
+    py_name = __Pyx_PyIdentifier_FromString(name);
+    if (!py_name)
+        goto bad;
+    py_module = PyImport_Import(py_name);
+    Py_DECREF(py_name);
+    return py_module;
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(py_name);
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* TypeImport */
+      #ifndef __PYX_HAVE_RT_ImportType
+#define __PYX_HAVE_RT_ImportType
+static PyTypeObject *__Pyx_ImportType(const char *module_name, const char *class_name,
+    size_t size, int strict)
+{
+    PyObject *py_module = 0;
+    PyObject *result = 0;
+    PyObject *py_name = 0;
+    char warning[200];
+    Py_ssize_t basicsize;
+#ifdef Py_LIMITED_API
+    PyObject *py_basicsize;
+#endif
+    py_module = __Pyx_ImportModule(module_name);
+    if (!py_module)
+        goto bad;
+    py_name = __Pyx_PyIdentifier_FromString(class_name);
+    if (!py_name)
+        goto bad;
+    result = PyObject_GetAttr(py_module, py_name);
+    Py_DECREF(py_name);
+    py_name = 0;
+    Py_DECREF(py_module);
+    py_module = 0;
+    if (!result)
+        goto bad;
+    if (!PyType_Check(result)) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+            "%.200s.%.200s is not a type object",
+            module_name, class_name);
+        goto bad;
+    }
+#ifndef Py_LIMITED_API
+    basicsize = ((PyTypeObject *)result)->tp_basicsize;
+#else
+    py_basicsize = PyObject_GetAttrString(result, "__basicsize__");
+    if (!py_basicsize)
+        goto bad;
+    basicsize = PyLong_AsSsize_t(py_basicsize);
+    Py_DECREF(py_basicsize);
+    py_basicsize = 0;
+    if (basicsize == (Py_ssize_t)-1 && PyErr_Occurred())
+        goto bad;
+#endif
+    if (!strict && (size_t)basicsize > size) {
+        PyOS_snprintf(warning, sizeof(warning),
+            "%s.%s size changed, may indicate binary incompatibility. Expected %zd, got %zd",
+            module_name, class_name, basicsize, size);
+        if (PyErr_WarnEx(NULL, warning, 0) < 0) goto bad;
+    }
+    else if ((size_t)basicsize != size) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+            "%.200s.%.200s has the wrong size, try recompiling. Expected %zd, got %zd",
+            module_name, class_name, basicsize, size);
+        goto bad;
+    }
+    return (PyTypeObject *)result;
+bad:
+    Py_XDECREF(py_module);
+    Py_XDECREF(result);
+    return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* InitStrings */
+      static int __Pyx_InitStrings(__Pyx_StringTabEntry *t) {
+    while (t->p) {
+        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+        if (t->is_unicode) {
+            *t->p = PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(t->s, t->n - 1, NULL);
+        } else if (t->intern) {
+            *t->p = PyString_InternFromString(t->s);
+        } else {
+            *t->p = PyString_FromStringAndSize(t->s, t->n - 1);
+        }
+        #else
+        if (t->is_unicode | t->is_str) {
+            if (t->intern) {
+                *t->p = PyUnicode_InternFromString(t->s);
+            } else if (t->encoding) {
+                *t->p = PyUnicode_Decode(t->s, t->n - 1, t->encoding, NULL);
+            } else {
+                *t->p = PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(t->s, t->n - 1);
+            }
+        } else {
+            *t->p = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(t->s, t->n - 1);
+        }
+        #endif
+        if (!*t->p)
+            return -1;
+        if (PyObject_Hash(*t->p) == -1)
+            PyErr_Clear();
+        ++t;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromString(const char* c_str) {
+    return __Pyx_PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(c_str, (Py_ssize_t)strlen(c_str));
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE const char* __Pyx_PyObject_AsString(PyObject* o) {
+    Py_ssize_t ignore;
+    return __Pyx_PyObject_AsStringAndSize(o, &ignore);
+}
+#if __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_ASCII || __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_DEFAULT
+#if !CYTHON_PEP393_ENABLED
+static const char* __Pyx_PyUnicode_AsStringAndSize(PyObject* o, Py_ssize_t *length) {
+    char* defenc_c;
+    PyObject* defenc = _PyUnicode_AsDefaultEncodedString(o, NULL);
+    if (!defenc) return NULL;
+    defenc_c = PyBytes_AS_STRING(defenc);
+#if __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_ASCII
+    {
+        char* end = defenc_c + PyBytes_GET_SIZE(defenc);
+        char* c;
+        for (c = defenc_c; c < end; c++) {
+            if ((unsigned char) (*c) >= 128) {
+                PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(o);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+    *length = PyBytes_GET_SIZE(defenc);
+    return defenc_c;
+}
+#else
+static CYTHON_INLINE const char* __Pyx_PyUnicode_AsStringAndSize(PyObject* o, Py_ssize_t *length) {
+    if (unlikely(__Pyx_PyUnicode_READY(o) == -1)) return NULL;
+#if __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_ASCII
+    if (likely(PyUnicode_IS_ASCII(o))) {
+        *length = PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(o);
+        return PyUnicode_AsUTF8(o);
+    } else {
+        PyUnicode_AsASCIIString(o);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+#else
+    return PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(o, length);
+#endif
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+static CYTHON_INLINE const char* __Pyx_PyObject_AsStringAndSize(PyObject* o, Py_ssize_t *length) {
+#if __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_ASCII || __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_DEFAULT
+    if (
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3 && __PYX_DEFAULT_STRING_ENCODING_IS_ASCII
+            __Pyx_sys_getdefaultencoding_not_ascii &&
+#endif
+            PyUnicode_Check(o)) {
+        return __Pyx_PyUnicode_AsStringAndSize(o, length);
+    } else
+#endif
+#if (!CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY) || (defined(PyByteArray_AS_STRING) && defined(PyByteArray_GET_SIZE))
+    if (PyByteArray_Check(o)) {
+        *length = PyByteArray_GET_SIZE(o);
+        return PyByteArray_AS_STRING(o);
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+        char* result;
+        int r = PyBytes_AsStringAndSize(o, &result, length);
+        if (unlikely(r < 0)) {
+            return NULL;
+        } else {
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject* x) {
+   int is_true = x == Py_True;
+   if (is_true | (x == Py_False) | (x == Py_None)) return is_true;
+   else return PyObject_IsTrue(x);
+}
+static PyObject* __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLongWrongResultType(PyObject* result, const char* type_name) {
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    if (PyLong_Check(result)) {
+        if (PyErr_WarnFormat(PyExc_DeprecationWarning, 1,
+                "__int__ returned non-int (type %.200s).  "
+                "The ability to return an instance of a strict subclass of int "
+                "is deprecated, and may be removed in a future version of Python.",
+                Py_TYPE(result)->tp_name)) {
+            Py_DECREF(result);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+#endif
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                 "__%.4s__ returned non-%.4s (type %.200s)",
+                 type_name, type_name, Py_TYPE(result)->tp_name);
+    Py_DECREF(result);
+    return NULL;
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLong(PyObject* x) {
+#if CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS
+  PyNumberMethods *m;
+#endif
+  const char *name = NULL;
+  PyObject *res = NULL;
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  if (likely(PyInt_Check(x) || PyLong_Check(x)))
+#else
+  if (likely(PyLong_Check(x)))
+#endif
+    return __Pyx_NewRef(x);
+#if CYTHON_USE_TYPE_SLOTS
+  m = Py_TYPE(x)->tp_as_number;
+  #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  if (m && m->nb_int) {
+    name = "int";
+    res = m->nb_int(x);
+  }
+  else if (m && m->nb_long) {
+    name = "long";
+    res = m->nb_long(x);
+  }
+  #else
+  if (likely(m && m->nb_int)) {
+    name = "int";
+    res = m->nb_int(x);
+  }
+  #endif
+#else
+  if (!PyBytes_CheckExact(x) && !PyUnicode_CheckExact(x)) {
+    res = PyNumber_Int(x);
+  }
+#endif
+  if (likely(res)) {
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+    if (unlikely(!PyInt_Check(res) && !PyLong_Check(res))) {
+#else
+    if (unlikely(!PyLong_CheckExact(res))) {
+#endif
+        return __Pyx_PyNumber_IntOrLongWrongResultType(res, name);
+    }
+  }
+  else if (!PyErr_Occurred()) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                    "an integer is required");
+  }
+  return res;
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE Py_ssize_t __Pyx_PyIndex_AsSsize_t(PyObject* b) {
+  Py_ssize_t ival;
+  PyObject *x;
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
+  if (likely(PyInt_CheckExact(b))) {
+    if (sizeof(Py_ssize_t) >= sizeof(long))
+        return PyInt_AS_LONG(b);
+    else
+        return PyInt_AsSsize_t(x);
+  }
+#endif
+  if (likely(PyLong_CheckExact(b))) {
+    #if CYTHON_USE_PYLONG_INTERNALS
+    const digit* digits = ((PyLongObject*)b)->ob_digit;
+    const Py_ssize_t size = Py_SIZE(b);
+    if (likely(__Pyx_sst_abs(size) <= 1)) {
+        ival = likely(size) ? digits[0] : 0;
+        if (size == -1) ival = -ival;
+        return ival;
+    } else {
+      switch (size) {
+         case 2:
+           if (8 * sizeof(Py_ssize_t) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+             return (Py_ssize_t) (((((size_t)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[0]));
+           }
+           break;
+         case -2:
+           if (8 * sizeof(Py_ssize_t) > 2 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+             return -(Py_ssize_t) (((((size_t)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[0]));
+           }
+           break;
+         case 3:
+           if (8 * sizeof(Py_ssize_t) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+             return (Py_ssize_t) (((((((size_t)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[0]));
+           }
+           break;
+         case -3:
+           if (8 * sizeof(Py_ssize_t) > 3 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+             return -(Py_ssize_t) (((((((size_t)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[0]));
+           }
+           break;
+         case 4:
+           if (8 * sizeof(Py_ssize_t) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+             return (Py_ssize_t) (((((((((size_t)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[0]));
+           }
+           break;
+         case -4:
+           if (8 * sizeof(Py_ssize_t) > 4 * PyLong_SHIFT) {
+             return -(Py_ssize_t) (((((((((size_t)digits[3]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[2]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[1]) << PyLong_SHIFT) | (size_t)digits[0]));
+           }
+           break;
+      }
+    }
+    #endif
+    return PyLong_AsSsize_t(b);
+  }
+  x = PyNumber_Index(b);
+  if (!x) return -1;
+  ival = PyInt_AsSsize_t(x);
+  Py_DECREF(x);
+  return ival;
+}
+static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject * __Pyx_PyInt_FromSize_t(size_t ival) {
+    return PyInt_FromSize_t(ival);
+}
+
+
+#endif /* Py_PYTHON_H */

src/borg/_msgpack/_packer.pyx

@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+#cython: embedsignature=True, c_string_encoding=ascii
+
+from cpython cimport *
+from cpython.version cimport PY_MAJOR_VERSION
+from cpython.exc cimport PyErr_WarnEx
+
+from msgpack.exceptions import PackValueError, PackOverflowError
+from msgpack import ExtType
+
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+
+    int PyMemoryView_Check(object obj)
+    int PyByteArray_Check(object obj)
+    int PyByteArray_CheckExact(object obj)
+    char* PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(object obj, Py_ssize_t *l) except NULL
+
+
+cdef extern from "pack.h":
+    struct msgpack_packer:
+        char* buf
+        size_t length
+        size_t buf_size
+        bint use_bin_type
+
+    int msgpack_pack_int(msgpack_packer* pk, int d)
+    int msgpack_pack_nil(msgpack_packer* pk)
+    int msgpack_pack_true(msgpack_packer* pk)
+    int msgpack_pack_false(msgpack_packer* pk)
+    int msgpack_pack_long(msgpack_packer* pk, long d)
+    int msgpack_pack_long_long(msgpack_packer* pk, long long d)
+    int msgpack_pack_unsigned_long_long(msgpack_packer* pk, unsigned long long d)
+    int msgpack_pack_float(msgpack_packer* pk, float d)
+    int msgpack_pack_double(msgpack_packer* pk, double d)
+    int msgpack_pack_array(msgpack_packer* pk, size_t l)
+    int msgpack_pack_map(msgpack_packer* pk, size_t l)
+    int msgpack_pack_raw(msgpack_packer* pk, size_t l)
+    int msgpack_pack_bin(msgpack_packer* pk, size_t l)
+    int msgpack_pack_raw_body(msgpack_packer* pk, char* body, size_t l)
+    int msgpack_pack_ext(msgpack_packer* pk, char typecode, size_t l)
+    int msgpack_pack_unicode(msgpack_packer* pk, object o, long long limit)
+
+cdef int DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT=511
+cdef long long ITEM_LIMIT = (2**32)-1
+
+
+cdef inline int PyBytesLike_Check(object o):
+    return PyBytes_Check(o) or PyByteArray_Check(o)
+
+
+cdef inline int PyBytesLike_CheckExact(object o):
+    return PyBytes_CheckExact(o) or PyByteArray_CheckExact(o)
+
+
+cdef class Packer(object):
+    """
+    MessagePack Packer
+
+    usage::
+
+        packer = Packer()
+        astream.write(packer.pack(a))
+        astream.write(packer.pack(b))
+
+    Packer's constructor has some keyword arguments:
+
+    :param callable default:
+        Convert user type to builtin type that Packer supports.
+        See also simplejson's document.
+
+    :param bool use_single_float:
+        Use single precision float type for float. (default: False)
+
+    :param bool autoreset:
+        Reset buffer after each pack and return its content as `bytes`. (default: True).
+        If set this to false, use `bytes()` to get content and `.reset()` to clear buffer.
+
+    :param bool use_bin_type:
+        Use bin type introduced in msgpack spec 2.0 for bytes.
+        It also enables str8 type for unicode.
+        Current default value is false, but it will be changed to true
+        in future version.  You should specify it explicitly.
+
+    :param bool strict_types:
+        If set to true, types will be checked to be exact. Derived classes
+        from serializeable types will not be serialized and will be
+        treated as unsupported type and forwarded to default.
+        Additionally tuples will not be serialized as lists.
+        This is useful when trying to implement accurate serialization
+        for python types.
+
+    :param str unicode_errors:
+        Error handler for encoding unicode. (default: 'strict')
+
+    :param str encoding:
+        (deprecated) Convert unicode to bytes with this encoding. (default: 'utf-8')
+    """
+    cdef msgpack_packer pk
+    cdef object _default
+    cdef object _bencoding
+    cdef object _berrors
+    cdef const char *encoding
+    cdef const char *unicode_errors
+    cdef bint strict_types
+    cdef bool use_float
+    cdef bint autoreset
+
+    def __cinit__(self):
+        cdef int buf_size = 1024*1024
+        self.pk.buf = <char*> PyMem_Malloc(buf_size)
+        if self.pk.buf == NULL:
+            raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate internal buffer.")
+        self.pk.buf_size = buf_size
+        self.pk.length = 0
+
+    def __init__(self, default=None, encoding=None, unicode_errors=None,
+                 bint use_single_float=False, bint autoreset=True, bint use_bin_type=False,
+                 bint strict_types=False):
+        if encoding is not None:
+            PyErr_WarnEx(PendingDeprecationWarning, "encoding is deprecated.", 1)
+        self.use_float = use_single_float
+        self.strict_types = strict_types
+        self.autoreset = autoreset
+        self.pk.use_bin_type = use_bin_type
+        if default is not None:
+            if not PyCallable_Check(default):
+                raise TypeError("default must be a callable.")
+        self._default = default
+
+        self._bencoding = encoding
+        if encoding is None:
+            if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3:
+                self.encoding = 'utf-8'
+            else:
+                self.encoding = NULL
+        else:
+            self.encoding = self._bencoding
+
+        self._berrors = unicode_errors
+        if unicode_errors is None:
+            self.unicode_errors = NULL
+        else:
+            self.unicode_errors = self._berrors
+
+    def __dealloc__(self):
+        PyMem_Free(self.pk.buf)
+        self.pk.buf = NULL
+
+    cdef int _pack(self, object o, int nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT) except -1:
+        cdef long long llval
+        cdef unsigned long long ullval
+        cdef long longval
+        cdef float fval
+        cdef double dval
+        cdef char* rawval
+        cdef int ret
+        cdef dict d
+        cdef Py_ssize_t L
+        cdef int default_used = 0
+        cdef bint strict_types = self.strict_types
+        cdef Py_buffer view
+
+        if nest_limit < 0:
+            raise PackValueError("recursion limit exceeded.")
+
+        while True:
+            if o is None:
+                ret = msgpack_pack_nil(&self.pk)
+            elif PyBool_Check(o) if strict_types else isinstance(o, bool):
+                if o:
+                    ret = msgpack_pack_true(&self.pk)
+                else:
+                    ret = msgpack_pack_false(&self.pk)
+            elif PyLong_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyLong_Check(o):
+                # PyInt_Check(long) is True for Python 3.
+                # So we should test long before int.
+                try:
+                    if o > 0:
+                        ullval = o
+                        ret = msgpack_pack_unsigned_long_long(&self.pk, ullval)
+                    else:
+                        llval = o
+                        ret = msgpack_pack_long_long(&self.pk, llval)
+                except OverflowError as oe:
+                    if not default_used and self._default is not None:
+                        o = self._default(o)
+                        default_used = True
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        raise PackOverflowError("Integer value out of range")
+            elif PyInt_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyInt_Check(o):
+                longval = o
+                ret = msgpack_pack_long(&self.pk, longval)
+            elif PyFloat_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyFloat_Check(o):
+                if self.use_float:
+                   fval = o
+                   ret = msgpack_pack_float(&self.pk, fval)
+                else:
+                   dval = o
+                   ret = msgpack_pack_double(&self.pk, dval)
+            elif PyBytesLike_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyBytesLike_Check(o):
+                L = len(o)
+                if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+                    raise PackValueError("%s is too large" % type(o).__name__)
+                rawval = o
+                ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+                if ret == 0:
+                    ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+            elif PyUnicode_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else PyUnicode_Check(o):
+                if self.encoding == NULL and self.unicode_errors == NULL:
+                    ret = msgpack_pack_unicode(&self.pk, o, ITEM_LIMIT);
+                    if ret == -2:
+                        raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+                else:
+                    o = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(o, self.encoding, self.unicode_errors)
+                    L = len(o)
+                    if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+                        raise PackValueError("unicode string is too large")
+                    ret = msgpack_pack_raw(&self.pk, L)
+                    if ret == 0:
+                        rawval = o
+                        ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+            elif PyDict_CheckExact(o):
+                d = <dict>o
+                L = len(d)
+                if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+                    raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+                ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+                if ret == 0:
+                    for k, v in d.iteritems():
+                        ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+                        if ret != 0: break
+                        ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+                        if ret != 0: break
+            elif not strict_types and PyDict_Check(o):
+                L = len(o)
+                if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+                    raise PackValueError("dict is too large")
+                ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, L)
+                if ret == 0:
+                    for k, v in o.items():
+                        ret = self._pack(k, nest_limit-1)
+                        if ret != 0: break
+                        ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+                        if ret != 0: break
+            elif type(o) is ExtType if strict_types else isinstance(o, ExtType):
+                # This should be before Tuple because ExtType is namedtuple.
+                longval = o.code
+                rawval = o.data
+                L = len(o.data)
+                if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+                    raise PackValueError("EXT data is too large")
+                ret = msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, longval, L)
+                ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, rawval, L)
+            elif PyList_CheckExact(o) if strict_types else (PyTuple_Check(o) or PyList_Check(o)):
+                L = len(o)
+                if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+                    raise PackValueError("list is too large")
+                ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, L)
+                if ret == 0:
+                    for v in o:
+                        ret = self._pack(v, nest_limit-1)
+                        if ret != 0: break
+            elif PyMemoryView_Check(o):
+                if PyObject_GetBuffer(o, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) != 0:
+                    raise PackValueError("could not get buffer for memoryview")
+                L = view.len
+                if L > ITEM_LIMIT:
+                    PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+                    raise PackValueError("memoryview is too large")
+                ret = msgpack_pack_bin(&self.pk, L)
+                if ret == 0:
+                    ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, <char*>view.buf, L)
+                PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+            elif not default_used and self._default:
+                o = self._default(o)
+                default_used = 1
+                continue
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("can't serialize %r" % (o,))
+            return ret
+
+    cpdef pack(self, object obj):
+        cdef int ret
+        try:
+            ret = self._pack(obj, DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT)
+        except:
+            self.pk.length = 0
+            raise
+        if ret:  # should not happen.
+            raise RuntimeError("internal error")
+        if self.autoreset:
+            buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+            self.pk.length = 0
+            return buf
+
+    def pack_ext_type(self, typecode, data):
+        msgpack_pack_ext(&self.pk, typecode, len(data))
+        msgpack_pack_raw_body(&self.pk, data, len(data))
+
+    def pack_array_header(self, long long size):
+        if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+            raise PackValueError
+        cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_array(&self.pk, size)
+        if ret == -1:
+            raise MemoryError
+        elif ret:  # should not happen
+            raise TypeError
+        if self.autoreset:
+            buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+            self.pk.length = 0
+            return buf
+
+    def pack_map_header(self, long long size):
+        if size > ITEM_LIMIT:
+            raise PackValueError
+        cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, size)
+        if ret == -1:
+            raise MemoryError
+        elif ret:  # should not happen
+            raise TypeError
+        if self.autoreset:
+            buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+            self.pk.length = 0
+            return buf
+
+    def pack_map_pairs(self, object pairs):
+        """
+        Pack *pairs* as msgpack map type.
+
+        *pairs* should be a sequence of pairs.
+        (`len(pairs)` and `for k, v in pairs:` should be supported.)
+        """
+        cdef int ret = msgpack_pack_map(&self.pk, len(pairs))
+        if ret == 0:
+            for k, v in pairs:
+                ret = self._pack(k)
+                if ret != 0: break
+                ret = self._pack(v)
+                if ret != 0: break
+        if ret == -1:
+            raise MemoryError
+        elif ret:  # should not happen
+            raise TypeError
+        if self.autoreset:
+            buf = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)
+            self.pk.length = 0
+            return buf
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """Clear internal buffer."""
+        self.pk.length = 0
+
+    def bytes(self):
+        """Return buffer content."""
+        return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.pk.buf, self.pk.length)

src/borg/_msgpack/_unpacker.pyx

@@ -0,0 +1,543 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+#cython: embedsignature=True, c_string_encoding=ascii
+
+from cpython.version cimport PY_MAJOR_VERSION
+from cpython.bytes cimport (
+    PyBytes_AsString,
+    PyBytes_FromStringAndSize,
+    PyBytes_Size,
+)
+from cpython.buffer cimport (
+    Py_buffer,
+    PyObject_CheckBuffer,
+    PyObject_GetBuffer,
+    PyBuffer_Release,
+    PyBuffer_IsContiguous,
+    PyBUF_READ,
+    PyBUF_SIMPLE,
+    PyBUF_FULL_RO,
+)
+from cpython.mem cimport PyMem_Malloc, PyMem_Free
+from cpython.object cimport PyCallable_Check
+from cpython.ref cimport Py_DECREF
+from cpython.exc cimport PyErr_WarnEx
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    ctypedef struct PyObject
+    cdef int PyObject_AsReadBuffer(object o, const void** buff, Py_ssize_t* buf_len) except -1
+    object PyMemoryView_GetContiguous(object obj, int buffertype, char order)
+
+from libc.stdlib cimport *
+from libc.string cimport *
+from libc.limits cimport *
+ctypedef unsigned long long uint64_t
+
+from msgpack.exceptions import (
+    BufferFull,
+    OutOfData,
+    UnpackValueError,
+    ExtraData,
+)
+from msgpack import ExtType
+
+
+cdef extern from "unpack.h":
+    ctypedef struct msgpack_user:
+        bint use_list
+        bint raw
+        bint has_pairs_hook # call object_hook with k-v pairs
+        PyObject* object_hook
+        PyObject* list_hook
+        PyObject* ext_hook
+        char *encoding
+        char *unicode_errors
+        Py_ssize_t max_str_len
+        Py_ssize_t max_bin_len
+        Py_ssize_t max_array_len
+        Py_ssize_t max_map_len
+        Py_ssize_t max_ext_len
+
+    ctypedef struct unpack_context:
+        msgpack_user user
+        PyObject* obj
+        Py_ssize_t count
+
+    ctypedef int (*execute_fn)(unpack_context* ctx, const char* data,
+                               Py_ssize_t len, Py_ssize_t* off) except? -1
+    execute_fn unpack_construct
+    execute_fn unpack_skip
+    execute_fn read_array_header
+    execute_fn read_map_header
+    void unpack_init(unpack_context* ctx)
+    object unpack_data(unpack_context* ctx)
+    void unpack_clear(unpack_context* ctx)
+
+cdef inline init_ctx(unpack_context *ctx,
+                     object object_hook, object object_pairs_hook,
+                     object list_hook, object ext_hook,
+                     bint use_list, bint raw,
+                     const char* encoding, const char* unicode_errors,
+                     Py_ssize_t max_str_len, Py_ssize_t max_bin_len,
+                     Py_ssize_t max_array_len, Py_ssize_t max_map_len,
+                     Py_ssize_t max_ext_len):
+    unpack_init(ctx)
+    ctx.user.use_list = use_list
+    ctx.user.raw = raw
+    ctx.user.object_hook = ctx.user.list_hook = <PyObject*>NULL
+    ctx.user.max_str_len = max_str_len
+    ctx.user.max_bin_len = max_bin_len
+    ctx.user.max_array_len = max_array_len
+    ctx.user.max_map_len = max_map_len
+    ctx.user.max_ext_len = max_ext_len
+
+    if object_hook is not None and object_pairs_hook is not None:
+        raise TypeError("object_pairs_hook and object_hook are mutually exclusive.")
+
+    if object_hook is not None:
+        if not PyCallable_Check(object_hook):
+            raise TypeError("object_hook must be a callable.")
+        ctx.user.object_hook = <PyObject*>object_hook
+
+    if object_pairs_hook is None:
+        ctx.user.has_pairs_hook = False
+    else:
+        if not PyCallable_Check(object_pairs_hook):
+            raise TypeError("object_pairs_hook must be a callable.")
+        ctx.user.object_hook = <PyObject*>object_pairs_hook
+        ctx.user.has_pairs_hook = True
+
+    if list_hook is not None:
+        if not PyCallable_Check(list_hook):
+            raise TypeError("list_hook must be a callable.")
+        ctx.user.list_hook = <PyObject*>list_hook
+
+    if ext_hook is not None:
+        if not PyCallable_Check(ext_hook):
+            raise TypeError("ext_hook must be a callable.")
+        ctx.user.ext_hook = <PyObject*>ext_hook
+
+    ctx.user.encoding = encoding
+    ctx.user.unicode_errors = unicode_errors
+
+def default_read_extended_type(typecode, data):
+    raise NotImplementedError("Cannot decode extended type with typecode=%d" % typecode)
+
+cdef inline int get_data_from_buffer(object obj,
+                                     Py_buffer *view,
+                                     char **buf,
+                                     Py_ssize_t *buffer_len,
+                                     int *new_protocol) except 0:
+    cdef object contiguous
+    cdef Py_buffer tmp
+    if PyObject_CheckBuffer(obj):
+        new_protocol[0] = 1
+        if PyObject_GetBuffer(obj, view, PyBUF_FULL_RO) == -1:
+            raise
+        if view.itemsize != 1:
+            PyBuffer_Release(view)
+            raise BufferError("cannot unpack from multi-byte object")
+        if PyBuffer_IsContiguous(view, 'A') == 0:
+            PyBuffer_Release(view)
+            # create a contiguous copy and get buffer
+            contiguous = PyMemoryView_GetContiguous(obj, PyBUF_READ, 'C')
+            PyObject_GetBuffer(contiguous, view, PyBUF_SIMPLE)
+            # view must hold the only reference to contiguous,
+            # so memory is freed when view is released
+            Py_DECREF(contiguous)
+        buffer_len[0] = view.len
+        buf[0] = <char*> view.buf
+        return 1
+    else:
+        new_protocol[0] = 0
+        if PyObject_AsReadBuffer(obj, <const void**> buf, buffer_len) == -1:
+            raise BufferError("could not get memoryview")
+        PyErr_WarnEx(RuntimeWarning,
+                     "using old buffer interface to unpack %s; "
+                     "this leads to unpacking errors if slicing is used and "
+                     "will be removed in a future version" % type(obj),
+                     1)
+        return 1
+
+def unpackb(object packed, object object_hook=None, object list_hook=None,
+            bint use_list=True, bint raw=True,
+            encoding=None, unicode_errors=None,
+            object_pairs_hook=None, ext_hook=ExtType,
+            Py_ssize_t max_str_len=2147483647, # 2**32-1
+            Py_ssize_t max_bin_len=2147483647,
+            Py_ssize_t max_array_len=2147483647,
+            Py_ssize_t max_map_len=2147483647,
+            Py_ssize_t max_ext_len=2147483647):
+    """
+    Unpack packed_bytes to object. Returns an unpacked object.
+
+    Raises `ValueError` when `packed` contains extra bytes.
+
+    See :class:`Unpacker` for options.
+    """
+    cdef unpack_context ctx
+    cdef Py_ssize_t off = 0
+    cdef int ret
+
+    cdef Py_buffer view
+    cdef char* buf = NULL
+    cdef Py_ssize_t buf_len
+    cdef const char* cenc = NULL
+    cdef const char* cerr = NULL
+    cdef int new_protocol = 0
+
+    if encoding is not None:
+        PyErr_WarnEx(PendingDeprecationWarning, "encoding is deprecated, Use raw=False instead.", 1)
+        cenc = encoding
+
+    if unicode_errors is not None:
+        cerr = unicode_errors
+
+    get_data_from_buffer(packed, &view, &buf, &buf_len, &new_protocol)
+    try:
+        init_ctx(&ctx, object_hook, object_pairs_hook, list_hook, ext_hook,
+                 use_list, raw, cenc, cerr,
+                 max_str_len, max_bin_len, max_array_len, max_map_len, max_ext_len)
+        ret = unpack_construct(&ctx, buf, buf_len, &off)
+    finally:
+        if new_protocol:
+            PyBuffer_Release(&view);
+
+    if ret == 1:
+        obj = unpack_data(&ctx)
+        if off < buf_len:
+            raise ExtraData(obj, PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(buf+off, buf_len-off))
+        return obj
+    unpack_clear(&ctx)
+    raise UnpackValueError("Unpack failed: error = %d" % (ret,))
+
+
+def unpack(object stream, **kwargs):
+    PyErr_WarnEx(
+        PendingDeprecationWarning,
+        "Direct calling implementation's unpack() is deprecated, Use msgpack.unpack() or unpackb() instead.", 1)
+    data = stream.read()
+    return unpackb(data, **kwargs)
+
+
+cdef class Unpacker(object):
+    """Streaming unpacker.
+
+    arguments:
+
+    :param file_like:
+        File-like object having `.read(n)` method.
+        If specified, unpacker reads serialized data from it and :meth:`feed()` is not usable.
+
+    :param int read_size:
+        Used as `file_like.read(read_size)`. (default: `min(1024**2, max_buffer_size)`)
+
+    :param bool use_list:
+        If true, unpack msgpack array to Python list.
+        Otherwise, unpack to Python tuple. (default: True)
+
+    :param bool raw:
+        If true, unpack msgpack raw to Python bytes (default).
+        Otherwise, unpack to Python str (or unicode on Python 2) by decoding
+        with UTF-8 encoding (recommended).
+        Currently, the default is true, but it will be changed to false in
+        near future.  So you must specify it explicitly for keeping backward
+        compatibility.
+
+        *encoding* option which is deprecated overrides this option.
+
+    :param callable object_hook:
+        When specified, it should be callable.
+        Unpacker calls it with a dict argument after unpacking msgpack map.
+        (See also simplejson)
+
+    :param callable object_pairs_hook:
+        When specified, it should be callable.
+        Unpacker calls it with a list of key-value pairs after unpacking msgpack map.
+        (See also simplejson)
+
+    :param int max_buffer_size:
+        Limits size of data waiting unpacked.  0 means system's INT_MAX (default).
+        Raises `BufferFull` exception when it is insufficient.
+        You should set this parameter when unpacking data from untrusted source.
+
+    :param int max_str_len:
+        Limits max length of str. (default: 2**31-1)
+
+    :param int max_bin_len:
+        Limits max length of bin. (default: 2**31-1)
+
+    :param int max_array_len:
+        Limits max length of array. (default: 2**31-1)
+
+    :param int max_map_len:
+        Limits max length of map. (default: 2**31-1)
+
+    :param str encoding:
+        Deprecated, use raw instead.
+        Encoding used for decoding msgpack raw.
+        If it is None (default), msgpack raw is deserialized to Python bytes.
+
+    :param str unicode_errors:
+        Error handler used for decoding str type.  (default: `'strict'`)
+
+
+    Example of streaming deserialize from file-like object::
+
+        unpacker = Unpacker(file_like, raw=False)
+        for o in unpacker:
+            process(o)
+
+    Example of streaming deserialize from socket::
+
+        unpacker = Unpacker(raw=False)
+        while True:
+            buf = sock.recv(1024**2)
+            if not buf:
+                break
+            unpacker.feed(buf)
+            for o in unpacker:
+                process(o)
+    """
+    cdef unpack_context ctx
+    cdef char* buf
+    cdef Py_ssize_t buf_size, buf_head, buf_tail
+    cdef object file_like
+    cdef object file_like_read
+    cdef Py_ssize_t read_size
+    # To maintain refcnt.
+    cdef object object_hook, object_pairs_hook, list_hook, ext_hook
+    cdef object encoding, unicode_errors
+    cdef Py_ssize_t max_buffer_size
+    cdef uint64_t stream_offset
+
+    def __cinit__(self):
+        self.buf = NULL
+
+    def __dealloc__(self):
+        PyMem_Free(self.buf)
+        self.buf = NULL
+
+    def __init__(self, file_like=None, Py_ssize_t read_size=0,
+                 bint use_list=True, bint raw=True,
+                 object object_hook=None, object object_pairs_hook=None, object list_hook=None,
+                 encoding=None, unicode_errors=None, int max_buffer_size=0,
+                 object ext_hook=ExtType,
+                 Py_ssize_t max_str_len=2147483647, # 2**32-1
+                 Py_ssize_t max_bin_len=2147483647,
+                 Py_ssize_t max_array_len=2147483647,
+                 Py_ssize_t max_map_len=2147483647,
+                 Py_ssize_t max_ext_len=2147483647):
+        cdef const char *cenc=NULL,
+        cdef const char *cerr=NULL
+
+        self.object_hook = object_hook
+        self.object_pairs_hook = object_pairs_hook
+        self.list_hook = list_hook
+        self.ext_hook = ext_hook
+
+        self.file_like = file_like
+        if file_like:
+            self.file_like_read = file_like.read
+            if not PyCallable_Check(self.file_like_read):
+                raise TypeError("`file_like.read` must be a callable.")
+        if not max_buffer_size:
+            max_buffer_size = INT_MAX
+        if read_size > max_buffer_size:
+            raise ValueError("read_size should be less or equal to max_buffer_size")
+        if not read_size:
+            read_size = min(max_buffer_size, 1024**2)
+        self.max_buffer_size = max_buffer_size
+        self.read_size = read_size
+        self.buf = <char*>PyMem_Malloc(read_size)
+        if self.buf == NULL:
+            raise MemoryError("Unable to allocate internal buffer.")
+        self.buf_size = read_size
+        self.buf_head = 0
+        self.buf_tail = 0
+        self.stream_offset = 0
+
+        if encoding is not None:
+            PyErr_WarnEx(PendingDeprecationWarning, "encoding is deprecated, Use raw=False instead.", 1)
+            self.encoding = encoding
+            cenc = encoding
+
+        if unicode_errors is not None:
+            self.unicode_errors = unicode_errors
+            cerr = unicode_errors
+
+        init_ctx(&self.ctx, object_hook, object_pairs_hook, list_hook,
+                 ext_hook, use_list, raw, cenc, cerr,
+                 max_str_len, max_bin_len, max_array_len,
+                 max_map_len, max_ext_len)
+
+    def feed(self, object next_bytes):
+        """Append `next_bytes` to internal buffer."""
+        cdef Py_buffer pybuff
+        cdef int new_protocol = 0
+        cdef char* buf
+        cdef Py_ssize_t buf_len
+
+        if self.file_like is not None:
+            raise AssertionError(
+                    "unpacker.feed() is not be able to use with `file_like`.")
+
+        get_data_from_buffer(next_bytes, &pybuff, &buf, &buf_len, &new_protocol)
+        try:
+            self.append_buffer(buf, buf_len)
+        finally:
+            if new_protocol:
+                PyBuffer_Release(&pybuff)
+
+    cdef append_buffer(self, void* _buf, Py_ssize_t _buf_len):
+        cdef:
+            char* buf = self.buf
+            char* new_buf
+            Py_ssize_t head = self.buf_head
+            Py_ssize_t tail = self.buf_tail
+            Py_ssize_t buf_size = self.buf_size
+            Py_ssize_t new_size
+
+        if tail + _buf_len > buf_size:
+            if ((tail - head) + _buf_len) <= buf_size:
+                # move to front.
+                memmove(buf, buf + head, tail - head)
+                tail -= head
+                head = 0
+            else:
+                # expand buffer.
+                new_size = (tail-head) + _buf_len
+                if new_size > self.max_buffer_size:
+                    raise BufferFull
+                new_size = min(new_size*2, self.max_buffer_size)
+                new_buf = <char*>PyMem_Malloc(new_size)
+                if new_buf == NULL:
+                    # self.buf still holds old buffer and will be freed during
+                    # obj destruction
+                    raise MemoryError("Unable to enlarge internal buffer.")
+                memcpy(new_buf, buf + head, tail - head)
+                PyMem_Free(buf)
+
+                buf = new_buf
+                buf_size = new_size
+                tail -= head
+                head = 0
+
+        memcpy(buf + tail, <char*>(_buf), _buf_len)
+        self.buf = buf
+        self.buf_head = head
+        self.buf_size = buf_size
+        self.buf_tail = tail + _buf_len
+
+    cdef read_from_file(self):
+        next_bytes = self.file_like_read(
+                min(self.read_size,
+                    self.max_buffer_size - (self.buf_tail - self.buf_head)
+                    ))
+        if next_bytes:
+            self.append_buffer(PyBytes_AsString(next_bytes), PyBytes_Size(next_bytes))
+        else:
+            self.file_like = None
+
+    cdef object _unpack(self, execute_fn execute, object write_bytes, bint iter=0):
+        cdef int ret
+        cdef object obj
+        cdef Py_ssize_t prev_head
+
+        if write_bytes is not None:
+            PyErr_WarnEx(DeprecationWarning, "`write_bytes` option is deprecated. Use `.tell()` instead.", 1)
+
+        if self.buf_head >= self.buf_tail and self.file_like is not None:
+            self.read_from_file()
+
+        while 1:
+            prev_head = self.buf_head
+            if prev_head >= self.buf_tail:
+                if iter:
+                    raise StopIteration("No more data to unpack.")
+                else:
+                    raise OutOfData("No more data to unpack.")
+
+            try:
+                ret = execute(&self.ctx, self.buf, self.buf_tail, &self.buf_head)
+                self.stream_offset += self.buf_head - prev_head
+                if write_bytes is not None:
+                    write_bytes(PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.buf + prev_head, self.buf_head - prev_head))
+
+                if ret == 1:
+                    obj = unpack_data(&self.ctx)
+                    unpack_init(&self.ctx)
+                    return obj
+                elif ret == 0:
+                    if self.file_like is not None:
+                        self.read_from_file()
+                        continue
+                    if iter:
+                        raise StopIteration("No more data to unpack.")
+                    else:
+                        raise OutOfData("No more data to unpack.")
+                else:
+                    raise UnpackValueError("Unpack failed: error = %d" % (ret,))
+            except ValueError as e:
+                raise UnpackValueError(e)
+
+    def read_bytes(self, Py_ssize_t nbytes):
+        """Read a specified number of raw bytes from the stream"""
+        cdef Py_ssize_t nread
+        nread = min(self.buf_tail - self.buf_head, nbytes)
+        ret = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(self.buf + self.buf_head, nread)
+        self.buf_head += nread
+        if len(ret) < nbytes and self.file_like is not None:
+            ret += self.file_like.read(nbytes - len(ret))
+        return ret
+
+    def unpack(self, object write_bytes=None):
+        """Unpack one object
+
+        If write_bytes is not None, it will be called with parts of the raw
+        message as it is unpacked.
+
+        Raises `OutOfData` when there are no more bytes to unpack.
+        """
+        return self._unpack(unpack_construct, write_bytes)
+
+    def skip(self, object write_bytes=None):
+        """Read and ignore one object, returning None
+
+        If write_bytes is not None, it will be called with parts of the raw
+        message as it is unpacked.
+
+        Raises `OutOfData` when there are no more bytes to unpack.
+        """
+        return self._unpack(unpack_skip, write_bytes)
+
+    def read_array_header(self, object write_bytes=None):
+        """assuming the next object is an array, return its size n, such that
+        the next n unpack() calls will iterate over its contents.
+
+        Raises `OutOfData` when there are no more bytes to unpack.
+        """
+        return self._unpack(read_array_header, write_bytes)
+
+    def read_map_header(self, object write_bytes=None):
+        """assuming the next object is a map, return its size n, such that the
+        next n * 2 unpack() calls will iterate over its key-value pairs.
+
+        Raises `OutOfData` when there are no more bytes to unpack.
+        """
+        return self._unpack(read_map_header, write_bytes)
+
+    def tell(self):
+        return self.stream_offset
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        return self._unpack(unpack_construct, None, 1)
+
+    # for debug.
+    #def _buf(self):
+    #    return PyString_FromStringAndSize(self.buf, self.buf_tail)
+
+    #def _off(self):
+    #    return self.buf_head

src/borg/_msgpack/_version.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+version = (0, 5, 6)

src/borg/_msgpack/exceptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+class UnpackException(Exception):
+    """Deprecated.  Use Exception instead to catch all exception during unpacking."""
+
+
+class BufferFull(UnpackException):
+    pass
+
+
+class OutOfData(UnpackException):
+    pass
+
+
+class UnpackValueError(UnpackException, ValueError):
+    """Deprecated.  Use ValueError instead."""
+
+
+class ExtraData(UnpackValueError):
+    def __init__(self, unpacked, extra):
+        self.unpacked = unpacked
+        self.extra = extra
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "unpack(b) received extra data."
+
+
+class PackException(Exception):
+    """Deprecated.  Use Exception instead to catch all exception during packing."""
+
+
+class PackValueError(PackException, ValueError):
+    """PackValueError is raised when type of input data is supported but it's value is unsupported.
+
+    Deprecated.  Use ValueError instead.
+    """
+
+
+class PackOverflowError(PackValueError, OverflowError):
+    """PackOverflowError is raised when integer value is out of range of msgpack support [-2**31, 2**32).
+
+    Deprecated.  Use ValueError instead.
+    """

src/borg/_msgpack/fallback.py

@@ -0,0 +1,971 @@
+"""Fallback pure Python implementation of msgpack"""
+
+import sys
+import struct
+import warnings
+
+if sys.version_info[0] == 3:
+    PY3 = True
+    int_types = int
+    Unicode = str
+    xrange = range
+    def dict_iteritems(d):
+        return d.items()
+else:
+    PY3 = False
+    int_types = (int, long)
+    Unicode = unicode
+    def dict_iteritems(d):
+        return d.iteritems()
+
+
+if hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info'):
+    # cStringIO is slow on PyPy, StringIO is faster.  However: PyPy's own
+    # StringBuilder is fastest.
+    from __pypy__ import newlist_hint
+    try:
+        from __pypy__.builders import BytesBuilder as StringBuilder
+    except ImportError:
+        from __pypy__.builders import StringBuilder
+    USING_STRINGBUILDER = True
+    class StringIO(object):
+        def __init__(self, s=b''):
+            if s:
+                self.builder = StringBuilder(len(s))
+                self.builder.append(s)
+            else:
+                self.builder = StringBuilder()
+        def write(self, s):
+            if isinstance(s, memoryview):
+                s = s.tobytes()
+            elif isinstance(s, bytearray):
+                s = bytes(s)
+            self.builder.append(s)
+        def getvalue(self):
+            return self.builder.build()
+else:
+    USING_STRINGBUILDER = False
+    from io import BytesIO as StringIO
+    newlist_hint = lambda size: []
+
+
+from msgpack.exceptions import (
+    BufferFull,
+    OutOfData,
+    UnpackValueError,
+    PackValueError,
+    PackOverflowError,
+    ExtraData)
+
+from msgpack import ExtType
+
+
+EX_SKIP                 = 0
+EX_CONSTRUCT            = 1
+EX_READ_ARRAY_HEADER    = 2
+EX_READ_MAP_HEADER      = 3
+
+TYPE_IMMEDIATE          = 0
+TYPE_ARRAY              = 1
+TYPE_MAP                = 2
+TYPE_RAW                = 3
+TYPE_BIN                = 4
+TYPE_EXT                = 5
+
+DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT = 511
+
+
+def _check_type_strict(obj, t, type=type, tuple=tuple):
+    if type(t) is tuple:
+        return type(obj) in t
+    else:
+        return type(obj) is t
+
+
+def _get_data_from_buffer(obj):
+    try:
+        view = memoryview(obj)
+    except TypeError:
+        # try to use legacy buffer protocol if 2.7, otherwise re-raise
+        if not PY3:
+            view = memoryview(buffer(obj))
+            warnings.warn("using old buffer interface to unpack %s; "
+                          "this leads to unpacking errors if slicing is used and "
+                          "will be removed in a future version" % type(obj),
+                          RuntimeWarning)
+        else:
+            raise
+    if view.itemsize != 1:
+        raise ValueError("cannot unpack from multi-byte object")
+    return view
+
+
+def unpack(stream, **kwargs):
+    warnings.warn(
+        "Direct calling implementation's unpack() is deprecated, Use msgpack.unpack() or unpackb() instead.",
+        PendingDeprecationWarning)
+    data = stream.read()
+    return unpackb(data, **kwargs)
+
+
+def unpackb(packed, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Unpack an object from `packed`.
+
+    Raises `ExtraData` when `packed` contains extra bytes.
+    See :class:`Unpacker` for options.
+    """
+    unpacker = Unpacker(None, **kwargs)
+    unpacker.feed(packed)
+    try:
+        ret = unpacker._unpack()
+    except OutOfData:
+        raise UnpackValueError("Data is not enough.")
+    if unpacker._got_extradata():
+        raise ExtraData(ret, unpacker._get_extradata())
+    return ret
+
+
+class Unpacker(object):
+    """Streaming unpacker.
+
+    arguments:
+
+    :param file_like:
+        File-like object having `.read(n)` method.
+        If specified, unpacker reads serialized data from it and :meth:`feed()` is not usable.
+
+    :param int read_size:
+        Used as `file_like.read(read_size)`. (default: `min(16*1024, max_buffer_size)`)
+
+    :param bool use_list:
+        If true, unpack msgpack array to Python list.
+        Otherwise, unpack to Python tuple. (default: True)
+
+    :param bool raw:
+        If true, unpack msgpack raw to Python bytes (default).
+        Otherwise, unpack to Python str (or unicode on Python 2) by decoding
+        with UTF-8 encoding (recommended).
+        Currently, the default is true, but it will be changed to false in
+        near future.  So you must specify it explicitly for keeping backward
+        compatibility.
+
+        *encoding* option which is deprecated overrides this option.
+
+    :param callable object_hook:
+        When specified, it should be callable.
+        Unpacker calls it with a dict argument after unpacking msgpack map.
+        (See also simplejson)
+
+    :param callable object_pairs_hook:
+        When specified, it should be callable.
+        Unpacker calls it with a list of key-value pairs after unpacking msgpack map.
+        (See also simplejson)
+
+    :param str encoding:
+        Encoding used for decoding msgpack raw.
+        If it is None (default), msgpack raw is deserialized to Python bytes.
+
+    :param str unicode_errors:
+        (deprecated) Used for decoding msgpack raw with *encoding*.
+        (default: `'strict'`)
+
+    :param int max_buffer_size:
+        Limits size of data waiting unpacked.  0 means system's INT_MAX (default).
+        Raises `BufferFull` exception when it is insufficient.
+        You should set this parameter when unpacking data from untrusted source.
+
+    :param int max_str_len:
+        Limits max length of str. (default: 2**31-1)
+
+    :param int max_bin_len:
+        Limits max length of bin. (default: 2**31-1)
+
+    :param int max_array_len:
+        Limits max length of array. (default: 2**31-1)
+
+    :param int max_map_len:
+        Limits max length of map. (default: 2**31-1)
+
+
+    example of streaming deserialize from file-like object::
+
+        unpacker = Unpacker(file_like, raw=False)
+        for o in unpacker:
+            process(o)
+
+    example of streaming deserialize from socket::
+
+        unpacker = Unpacker(raw=False)
+        while True:
+            buf = sock.recv(1024**2)
+            if not buf:
+                break
+            unpacker.feed(buf)
+            for o in unpacker:
+                process(o)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, file_like=None, read_size=0, use_list=True, raw=True,
+                 object_hook=None, object_pairs_hook=None, list_hook=None,
+                 encoding=None, unicode_errors=None, max_buffer_size=0,
+                 ext_hook=ExtType,
+                 max_str_len=2147483647, # 2**32-1
+                 max_bin_len=2147483647,
+                 max_array_len=2147483647,
+                 max_map_len=2147483647,
+                 max_ext_len=2147483647):
+
+        if encoding is not None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "encoding is deprecated, Use raw=False instead.",
+                PendingDeprecationWarning)
+
+        if unicode_errors is None:
+            unicode_errors = 'strict'
+
+        if file_like is None:
+            self._feeding = True
+        else:
+            if not callable(file_like.read):
+                raise TypeError("`file_like.read` must be callable")
+            self.file_like = file_like
+            self._feeding = False
+
+        #: array of bytes fed.
+        self._buffer = bytearray()
+        #: Which position we currently reads
+        self._buff_i = 0
+
+        # When Unpacker is used as an iterable, between the calls to next(),
+        # the buffer is not "consumed" completely, for efficiency sake.
+        # Instead, it is done sloppily.  To make sure we raise BufferFull at
+        # the correct moments, we have to keep track of how sloppy we were.
+        # Furthermore, when the buffer is incomplete (that is: in the case
+        # we raise an OutOfData) we need to rollback the buffer to the correct
+        # state, which _buf_checkpoint records.
+        self._buf_checkpoint = 0
+
+        self._max_buffer_size = max_buffer_size or 2**31-1
+        if read_size > self._max_buffer_size:
+            raise ValueError("read_size must be smaller than max_buffer_size")
+        self._read_size = read_size or min(self._max_buffer_size, 16*1024)
+        self._raw = bool(raw)
+        self._encoding = encoding
+        self._unicode_errors = unicode_errors
+        self._use_list = use_list
+        self._list_hook = list_hook
+        self._object_hook = object_hook
+        self._object_pairs_hook = object_pairs_hook
+        self._ext_hook = ext_hook
+        self._max_str_len = max_str_len
+        self._max_bin_len = max_bin_len
+        self._max_array_len = max_array_len
+        self._max_map_len = max_map_len
+        self._max_ext_len = max_ext_len
+        self._stream_offset = 0
+
+        if list_hook is not None and not callable(list_hook):
+            raise TypeError('`list_hook` is not callable')
+        if object_hook is not None and not callable(object_hook):
+            raise TypeError('`object_hook` is not callable')
+        if object_pairs_hook is not None and not callable(object_pairs_hook):
+            raise TypeError('`object_pairs_hook` is not callable')
+        if object_hook is not None and object_pairs_hook is not None:
+            raise TypeError("object_pairs_hook and object_hook are mutually "
+                            "exclusive")
+        if not callable(ext_hook):
+            raise TypeError("`ext_hook` is not callable")
+
+    def feed(self, next_bytes):
+        assert self._feeding
+        view = _get_data_from_buffer(next_bytes)
+        if (len(self._buffer) - self._buff_i + len(view) > self._max_buffer_size):
+            raise BufferFull
+
+        # Strip buffer before checkpoint before reading file.
+        if self._buf_checkpoint > 0:
+            del self._buffer[:self._buf_checkpoint]
+            self._buff_i -= self._buf_checkpoint
+            self._buf_checkpoint = 0
+
+        self._buffer += view
+
+    def _consume(self):
+        """ Gets rid of the used parts of the buffer. """
+        self._stream_offset += self._buff_i - self._buf_checkpoint
+        self._buf_checkpoint = self._buff_i
+
+    def _got_extradata(self):
+        return self._buff_i < len(self._buffer)
+
+    def _get_extradata(self):
+        return self._buffer[self._buff_i:]
+
+    def read_bytes(self, n):
+        return self._read(n)
+
+    def _read(self, n):
+        # (int) -> bytearray
+        self._reserve(n)
+        i = self._buff_i
+        self._buff_i = i+n
+        return self._buffer[i:i+n]
+
+    def _reserve(self, n):
+        remain_bytes = len(self._buffer) - self._buff_i - n
+
+        # Fast path: buffer has n bytes already
+        if remain_bytes >= 0:
+            return
+
+        if self._feeding:
+            self._buff_i = self._buf_checkpoint
+            raise OutOfData
+
+        # Strip buffer before checkpoint before reading file.
+        if self._buf_checkpoint > 0:
+            del self._buffer[:self._buf_checkpoint]
+            self._buff_i -= self._buf_checkpoint
+            self._buf_checkpoint = 0
+
+        # Read from file
+        remain_bytes = -remain_bytes
+        while remain_bytes > 0:
+            to_read_bytes = max(self._read_size, remain_bytes)
+            read_data = self.file_like.read(to_read_bytes)
+            if not read_data:
+                break
+            assert isinstance(read_data, bytes)
+            self._buffer += read_data
+            remain_bytes -= len(read_data)
+
+        if len(self._buffer) < n + self._buff_i:
+            self._buff_i = 0  # rollback
+            raise OutOfData
+
+    def _read_header(self, execute=EX_CONSTRUCT):
+        typ = TYPE_IMMEDIATE
+        n = 0
+        obj = None
+        self._reserve(1)
+        b = self._buffer[self._buff_i]
+        self._buff_i += 1
+        if b & 0b10000000 == 0:
+            obj = b
+        elif b & 0b11100000 == 0b11100000:
+            obj = -1 - (b ^ 0xff)
+        elif b & 0b11100000 == 0b10100000:
+            n = b & 0b00011111
+            typ = TYPE_RAW
+            if n > self._max_str_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_str_len(%s)", n, self._max_str_len)
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif b & 0b11110000 == 0b10010000:
+            n = b & 0b00001111
+            typ = TYPE_ARRAY
+            if n > self._max_array_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_array_len(%s)", n, self._max_array_len)
+        elif b & 0b11110000 == 0b10000000:
+            n = b & 0b00001111
+            typ = TYPE_MAP
+            if n > self._max_map_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_map_len(%s)", n, self._max_map_len)
+        elif b == 0xc0:
+            obj = None
+        elif b == 0xc2:
+            obj = False
+        elif b == 0xc3:
+            obj = True
+        elif b == 0xc4:
+            typ = TYPE_BIN
+            self._reserve(1)
+            n = self._buffer[self._buff_i]
+            self._buff_i += 1
+            if n > self._max_bin_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_bin_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_bin_len))
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif b == 0xc5:
+            typ = TYPE_BIN
+            self._reserve(2)
+            n = struct.unpack_from(">H", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 2
+            if n > self._max_bin_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_bin_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_bin_len))
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif b == 0xc6:
+            typ = TYPE_BIN
+            self._reserve(4)
+            n = struct.unpack_from(">I", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 4
+            if n > self._max_bin_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_bin_len(%s)" % (n, self._max_bin_len))
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif b == 0xc7:  # ext 8
+            typ = TYPE_EXT
+            self._reserve(2)
+            L, n = struct.unpack_from('Bb', self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 2
+            if L > self._max_ext_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (L, self._max_ext_len))
+            obj = self._read(L)
+        elif b == 0xc8:  # ext 16
+            typ = TYPE_EXT
+            self._reserve(3)
+            L, n = struct.unpack_from('>Hb', self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 3
+            if L > self._max_ext_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (L, self._max_ext_len))
+            obj = self._read(L)
+        elif b == 0xc9:  # ext 32
+            typ = TYPE_EXT
+            self._reserve(5)
+            L, n = struct.unpack_from('>Ib', self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 5
+            if L > self._max_ext_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (L, self._max_ext_len))
+            obj = self._read(L)
+        elif b == 0xca:
+            self._reserve(4)
+            obj = struct.unpack_from(">f", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 4
+        elif b == 0xcb:
+            self._reserve(8)
+            obj = struct.unpack_from(">d", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 8
+        elif b == 0xcc:
+            self._reserve(1)
+            obj = self._buffer[self._buff_i]
+            self._buff_i += 1
+        elif b == 0xcd:
+            self._reserve(2)
+            obj = struct.unpack_from(">H", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 2
+        elif b == 0xce:
+            self._reserve(4)
+            obj = struct.unpack_from(">I", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 4
+        elif b == 0xcf:
+            self._reserve(8)
+            obj = struct.unpack_from(">Q", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 8
+        elif b == 0xd0:
+            self._reserve(1)
+            obj = struct.unpack_from("b", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 1
+        elif b == 0xd1:
+            self._reserve(2)
+            obj = struct.unpack_from(">h", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 2
+        elif b == 0xd2:
+            self._reserve(4)
+            obj = struct.unpack_from(">i", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 4
+        elif b == 0xd3:
+            self._reserve(8)
+            obj = struct.unpack_from(">q", self._buffer, self._buff_i)[0]
+            self._buff_i += 8
+        elif b == 0xd4:  # fixext 1
+            typ = TYPE_EXT
+            if self._max_ext_len < 1:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (1, self._max_ext_len))
+            self._reserve(2)
+            n, obj = struct.unpack_from("b1s", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 2
+        elif b == 0xd5:  # fixext 2
+            typ = TYPE_EXT
+            if self._max_ext_len < 2:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (2, self._max_ext_len))
+            self._reserve(3)
+            n, obj = struct.unpack_from("b2s", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 3
+        elif b == 0xd6:  # fixext 4
+            typ = TYPE_EXT
+            if self._max_ext_len < 4:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (4, self._max_ext_len))
+            self._reserve(5)
+            n, obj = struct.unpack_from("b4s", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 5
+        elif b == 0xd7:  # fixext 8
+            typ = TYPE_EXT
+            if self._max_ext_len < 8:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (8, self._max_ext_len))
+            self._reserve(9)
+            n, obj = struct.unpack_from("b8s", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 9
+        elif b == 0xd8:  # fixext 16
+            typ = TYPE_EXT
+            if self._max_ext_len < 16:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_ext_len(%s)" % (16, self._max_ext_len))
+            self._reserve(17)
+            n, obj = struct.unpack_from("b16s", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 17
+        elif b == 0xd9:
+            typ = TYPE_RAW
+            self._reserve(1)
+            n = self._buffer[self._buff_i]
+            self._buff_i += 1
+            if n > self._max_str_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_str_len(%s)", n, self._max_str_len)
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif b == 0xda:
+            typ = TYPE_RAW
+            self._reserve(2)
+            n, = struct.unpack_from(">H", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 2
+            if n > self._max_str_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_str_len(%s)", n, self._max_str_len)
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif b == 0xdb:
+            typ = TYPE_RAW
+            self._reserve(4)
+            n, = struct.unpack_from(">I", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 4
+            if n > self._max_str_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_str_len(%s)", n, self._max_str_len)
+            obj = self._read(n)
+        elif b == 0xdc:
+            typ = TYPE_ARRAY
+            self._reserve(2)
+            n, = struct.unpack_from(">H", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 2
+            if n > self._max_array_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_array_len(%s)", n, self._max_array_len)
+        elif b == 0xdd:
+            typ = TYPE_ARRAY
+            self._reserve(4)
+            n, = struct.unpack_from(">I", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 4
+            if n > self._max_array_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_array_len(%s)", n, self._max_array_len)
+        elif b == 0xde:
+            self._reserve(2)
+            n, = struct.unpack_from(">H", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 2
+            if n > self._max_map_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_map_len(%s)", n, self._max_map_len)
+            typ = TYPE_MAP
+        elif b == 0xdf:
+            self._reserve(4)
+            n, = struct.unpack_from(">I", self._buffer, self._buff_i)
+            self._buff_i += 4
+            if n > self._max_map_len:
+                raise UnpackValueError("%s exceeds max_map_len(%s)", n, self._max_map_len)
+            typ = TYPE_MAP
+        else:
+            raise UnpackValueError("Unknown header: 0x%x" % b)
+        return typ, n, obj
+
+    def _unpack(self, execute=EX_CONSTRUCT):
+        typ, n, obj = self._read_header(execute)
+
+        if execute == EX_READ_ARRAY_HEADER:
+            if typ != TYPE_ARRAY:
+                raise UnpackValueError("Expected array")
+            return n
+        if execute == EX_READ_MAP_HEADER:
+            if typ != TYPE_MAP:
+                raise UnpackValueError("Expected map")
+            return n
+        # TODO should we eliminate the recursion?
+        if typ == TYPE_ARRAY:
+            if execute == EX_SKIP:
+                for i in xrange(n):
+                    # TODO check whether we need to call `list_hook`
+                    self._unpack(EX_SKIP)
+                return
+            ret = newlist_hint(n)
+            for i in xrange(n):
+                ret.append(self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT))
+            if self._list_hook is not None:
+                ret = self._list_hook(ret)
+            # TODO is the interaction between `list_hook` and `use_list` ok?
+            return ret if self._use_list else tuple(ret)
+        if typ == TYPE_MAP:
+            if execute == EX_SKIP:
+                for i in xrange(n):
+                    # TODO check whether we need to call hooks
+                    self._unpack(EX_SKIP)
+                    self._unpack(EX_SKIP)
+                return
+            if self._object_pairs_hook is not None:
+                ret = self._object_pairs_hook(
+                    (self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT),
+                     self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT))
+                    for _ in xrange(n))
+            else:
+                ret = {}
+                for _ in xrange(n):
+                    key = self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT)
+                    ret[key] = self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT)
+                if self._object_hook is not None:
+                    ret = self._object_hook(ret)
+            return ret
+        if execute == EX_SKIP:
+            return
+        if typ == TYPE_RAW:
+            if self._encoding is not None:
+                obj = obj.decode(self._encoding, self._unicode_errors)
+            elif self._raw:
+                obj = bytes(obj)
+            else:
+                obj = obj.decode('utf_8')
+            return obj
+        if typ == TYPE_EXT:
+            return self._ext_hook(n, bytes(obj))
+        if typ == TYPE_BIN:
+            return bytes(obj)
+        assert typ == TYPE_IMMEDIATE
+        return obj
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        try:
+            ret = self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT)
+            self._consume()
+            return ret
+        except OutOfData:
+            self._consume()
+            raise StopIteration
+
+    next = __next__
+
+    def skip(self, write_bytes=None):
+        self._unpack(EX_SKIP)
+        if write_bytes is not None:
+            warnings.warn("`write_bytes` option is deprecated.  Use `.tell()` instead.", DeprecationWarning)
+            write_bytes(self._buffer[self._buf_checkpoint:self._buff_i])
+        self._consume()
+
+    def unpack(self, write_bytes=None):
+        ret = self._unpack(EX_CONSTRUCT)
+        if write_bytes is not None:
+            warnings.warn("`write_bytes` option is deprecated.  Use `.tell()` instead.", DeprecationWarning)
+            write_bytes(self._buffer[self._buf_checkpoint:self._buff_i])
+        self._consume()
+        return ret
+
+    def read_array_header(self, write_bytes=None):
+        ret = self._unpack(EX_READ_ARRAY_HEADER)
+        if write_bytes is not None:
+            warnings.warn("`write_bytes` option is deprecated.  Use `.tell()` instead.", DeprecationWarning)
+            write_bytes(self._buffer[self._buf_checkpoint:self._buff_i])
+        self._consume()
+        return ret
+
+    def read_map_header(self, write_bytes=None):
+        ret = self._unpack(EX_READ_MAP_HEADER)
+        if write_bytes is not None:
+            warnings.warn("`write_bytes` option is deprecated.  Use `.tell()` instead.", DeprecationWarning)
+            write_bytes(self._buffer[self._buf_checkpoint:self._buff_i])
+        self._consume()
+        return ret
+
+    def tell(self):
+        return self._stream_offset
+
+
+class Packer(object):
+    """
+    MessagePack Packer
+
+    usage:
+
+        packer = Packer()
+        astream.write(packer.pack(a))
+        astream.write(packer.pack(b))
+
+    Packer's constructor has some keyword arguments:
+
+    :param callable default:
+        Convert user type to builtin type that Packer supports.
+        See also simplejson's document.
+
+    :param bool use_single_float:
+        Use single precision float type for float. (default: False)
+
+    :param bool autoreset:
+        Reset buffer after each pack and return its content as `bytes`. (default: True).
+        If set this to false, use `bytes()` to get content and `.reset()` to clear buffer.
+
+    :param bool use_bin_type:
+        Use bin type introduced in msgpack spec 2.0 for bytes.
+        It also enables str8 type for unicode.
+
+    :param bool strict_types:
+        If set to true, types will be checked to be exact. Derived classes
+        from serializeable types will not be serialized and will be
+        treated as unsupported type and forwarded to default.
+        Additionally tuples will not be serialized as lists.
+        This is useful when trying to implement accurate serialization
+        for python types.
+
+    :param str encoding:
+        (deprecated) Convert unicode to bytes with this encoding. (default: 'utf-8')
+
+    :param str unicode_errors:
+        Error handler for encoding unicode. (default: 'strict')
+    """
+    def __init__(self, default=None, encoding=None, unicode_errors=None,
+                 use_single_float=False, autoreset=True, use_bin_type=False,
+                 strict_types=False):
+        if encoding is None:
+            encoding = 'utf_8'
+        else:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "encoding is deprecated, Use raw=False instead.",
+                PendingDeprecationWarning)
+
+        if unicode_errors is None:
+            unicode_errors = 'strict'
+
+        self._strict_types = strict_types
+        self._use_float = use_single_float
+        self._autoreset = autoreset
+        self._use_bin_type = use_bin_type
+        self._encoding = encoding
+        self._unicode_errors = unicode_errors
+        self._buffer = StringIO()
+        if default is not None:
+            if not callable(default):
+                raise TypeError("default must be callable")
+        self._default = default
+
+    def _pack(self, obj, nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT,
+              check=isinstance, check_type_strict=_check_type_strict):
+        default_used = False
+        if self._strict_types:
+            check = check_type_strict
+            list_types = list
+        else:
+            list_types = (list, tuple)
+        while True:
+            if nest_limit < 0:
+                raise PackValueError("recursion limit exceeded")
+            if obj is None:
+                return self._buffer.write(b"\xc0")
+            if check(obj, bool):
+                if obj:
+                    return self._buffer.write(b"\xc3")
+                return self._buffer.write(b"\xc2")
+            if check(obj, int_types):
+                if 0 <= obj < 0x80:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack("B", obj))
+                if -0x20 <= obj < 0:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack("b", obj))
+                if 0x80 <= obj <= 0xff:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack("BB", 0xcc, obj))
+                if -0x80 <= obj < 0:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bb", 0xd0, obj))
+                if 0xff < obj <= 0xffff:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xcd, obj))
+                if -0x8000 <= obj < -0x80:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bh", 0xd1, obj))
+                if 0xffff < obj <= 0xffffffff:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xce, obj))
+                if -0x80000000 <= obj < -0x8000:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bi", 0xd2, obj))
+                if 0xffffffff < obj <= 0xffffffffffffffff:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BQ", 0xcf, obj))
+                if -0x8000000000000000 <= obj < -0x80000000:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bq", 0xd3, obj))
+                if not default_used and self._default is not None:
+                    obj = self._default(obj)
+                    default_used = True
+                    continue
+                raise PackOverflowError("Integer value out of range")
+            if check(obj, (bytes, bytearray)):
+                n = len(obj)
+                if n >= 2**32:
+                    raise PackValueError("%s is too large" % type(obj).__name__)
+                self._pack_bin_header(n)
+                return self._buffer.write(obj)
+            if check(obj, Unicode):
+                if self._encoding is None:
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Can't encode unicode string: "
+                        "no encoding is specified")
+                obj = obj.encode(self._encoding, self._unicode_errors)
+                n = len(obj)
+                if n >= 2**32:
+                    raise PackValueError("String is too large")
+                self._pack_raw_header(n)
+                return self._buffer.write(obj)
+            if check(obj, memoryview):
+                n = len(obj) * obj.itemsize
+                if n >= 2**32:
+                    raise PackValueError("Memoryview is too large")
+                self._pack_bin_header(n)
+                return self._buffer.write(obj)
+            if check(obj, float):
+                if self._use_float:
+                    return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bf", 0xca, obj))
+                return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">Bd", 0xcb, obj))
+            if check(obj, ExtType):
+                code = obj.code
+                data = obj.data
+                assert isinstance(code, int)
+                assert isinstance(data, bytes)
+                L = len(data)
+                if L == 1:
+                    self._buffer.write(b'\xd4')
+                elif L == 2:
+                    self._buffer.write(b'\xd5')
+                elif L == 4:
+                    self._buffer.write(b'\xd6')
+                elif L == 8:
+                    self._buffer.write(b'\xd7')
+                elif L == 16:
+                    self._buffer.write(b'\xd8')
+                elif L <= 0xff:
+                    self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BB", 0xc7, L))
+                elif L <= 0xffff:
+                    self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xc8, L))
+                else:
+                    self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xc9, L))
+                self._buffer.write(struct.pack("b", code))
+                self._buffer.write(data)
+                return
+            if check(obj, list_types):
+                n = len(obj)
+                self._pack_array_header(n)
+                for i in xrange(n):
+                    self._pack(obj[i], nest_limit - 1)
+                return
+            if check(obj, dict):
+                return self._pack_map_pairs(len(obj), dict_iteritems(obj),
+                                               nest_limit - 1)
+            if not default_used and self._default is not None:
+                obj = self._default(obj)
+                default_used = 1
+                continue
+            raise TypeError("Cannot serialize %r" % (obj, ))
+
+    def pack(self, obj):
+        try:
+            self._pack(obj)
+        except:
+            self._buffer = StringIO()  # force reset
+            raise
+        ret = self._buffer.getvalue()
+        if self._autoreset:
+            self._buffer = StringIO()
+        elif USING_STRINGBUILDER:
+            self._buffer = StringIO(ret)
+        return ret
+
+    def pack_map_pairs(self, pairs):
+        self._pack_map_pairs(len(pairs), pairs)
+        ret = self._buffer.getvalue()
+        if self._autoreset:
+            self._buffer = StringIO()
+        elif USING_STRINGBUILDER:
+            self._buffer = StringIO(ret)
+        return ret
+
+    def pack_array_header(self, n):
+        if n >= 2**32:
+            raise PackValueError
+        self._pack_array_header(n)
+        ret = self._buffer.getvalue()
+        if self._autoreset:
+            self._buffer = StringIO()
+        elif USING_STRINGBUILDER:
+            self._buffer = StringIO(ret)
+        return ret
+
+    def pack_map_header(self, n):
+        if n >= 2**32:
+            raise PackValueError
+        self._pack_map_header(n)
+        ret = self._buffer.getvalue()
+        if self._autoreset:
+            self._buffer = StringIO()
+        elif USING_STRINGBUILDER:
+            self._buffer = StringIO(ret)
+        return ret
+
+    def pack_ext_type(self, typecode, data):
+        if not isinstance(typecode, int):
+            raise TypeError("typecode must have int type.")
+        if not 0 <= typecode <= 127:
+            raise ValueError("typecode should be 0-127")
+        if not isinstance(data, bytes):
+            raise TypeError("data must have bytes type")
+        L = len(data)
+        if L > 0xffffffff:
+            raise PackValueError("Too large data")
+        if L == 1:
+            self._buffer.write(b'\xd4')
+        elif L == 2:
+            self._buffer.write(b'\xd5')
+        elif L == 4:
+            self._buffer.write(b'\xd6')
+        elif L == 8:
+            self._buffer.write(b'\xd7')
+        elif L == 16:
+            self._buffer.write(b'\xd8')
+        elif L <= 0xff:
+            self._buffer.write(b'\xc7' + struct.pack('B', L))
+        elif L <= 0xffff:
+            self._buffer.write(b'\xc8' + struct.pack('>H', L))
+        else:
+            self._buffer.write(b'\xc9' + struct.pack('>I', L))
+        self._buffer.write(struct.pack('B', typecode))
+        self._buffer.write(data)
+
+    def _pack_array_header(self, n):
+        if n <= 0x0f:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack('B', 0x90 + n))
+        if n <= 0xffff:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xdc, n))
+        if n <= 0xffffffff:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xdd, n))
+        raise PackValueError("Array is too large")
+
+    def _pack_map_header(self, n):
+        if n <= 0x0f:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack('B', 0x80 + n))
+        if n <= 0xffff:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xde, n))
+        if n <= 0xffffffff:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xdf, n))
+        raise PackValueError("Dict is too large")
+
+    def _pack_map_pairs(self, n, pairs, nest_limit=DEFAULT_RECURSE_LIMIT):
+        self._pack_map_header(n)
+        for (k, v) in pairs:
+            self._pack(k, nest_limit - 1)
+            self._pack(v, nest_limit - 1)
+
+    def _pack_raw_header(self, n):
+        if n <= 0x1f:
+            self._buffer.write(struct.pack('B', 0xa0 + n))
+        elif self._use_bin_type and n <= 0xff:
+            self._buffer.write(struct.pack('>BB', 0xd9, n))
+        elif n <= 0xffff:
+            self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xda, n))
+        elif n <= 0xffffffff:
+            self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xdb, n))
+        else:
+            raise PackValueError('Raw is too large')
+
+    def _pack_bin_header(self, n):
+        if not self._use_bin_type:
+            return self._pack_raw_header(n)
+        elif n <= 0xff:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack('>BB', 0xc4, n))
+        elif n <= 0xffff:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BH", 0xc5, n))
+        elif n <= 0xffffffff:
+            return self._buffer.write(struct.pack(">BI", 0xc6, n))
+        else:
+            raise PackValueError('Bin is too large')
+
+    def bytes(self):
+        return self._buffer.getvalue()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self._buffer = StringIO()

src/borg/_msgpack/pack.h

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+/*
+ * MessagePack for Python packing routine
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Naoki INADA
+ *
+ *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *    limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "sysdep.h"
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#define inline __inline
+#endif
+
+typedef struct msgpack_packer {
+    char *buf;
+    size_t length;
+    size_t buf_size;
+    bool use_bin_type;
+} msgpack_packer;
+
+typedef struct Packer Packer;
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_write(msgpack_packer* pk, const char *data, size_t l)
+{
+    char* buf = pk->buf;
+    size_t bs = pk->buf_size;
+    size_t len = pk->length;
+
+    if (len + l > bs) {
+        bs = (len + l) * 2;
+        buf = (char*)PyMem_Realloc(buf, bs);
+        if (!buf) {
+            PyErr_NoMemory();
+            return -1;
+        }
+    }
+    memcpy(buf + len, data, l);
+    len += l;
+
+    pk->buf = buf;
+    pk->buf_size = bs;
+    pk->length = len;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#define msgpack_pack_append_buffer(user, buf, len) \
+        return msgpack_pack_write(user, (const char*)buf, len)
+
+#include "pack_template.h"
+
+// return -2 when o is too long
+static inline int
+msgpack_pack_unicode(msgpack_packer *pk, PyObject *o, long long limit)
+{
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+    assert(PyUnicode_Check(o));
+
+    Py_ssize_t len;
+    const char* buf = PyUnicode_AsUTF8AndSize(o, &len);
+    if (buf == NULL)
+        return -1;
+
+    if (len > limit) {
+        return -2;
+    }
+
+    int ret = msgpack_pack_raw(pk, len);
+    if (ret) return ret;
+
+    return msgpack_pack_raw_body(pk, buf, len);
+#else
+    PyObject *bytes;
+    Py_ssize_t len;
+    int ret;
+
+    // py2
+    bytes = PyUnicode_AsUTF8String(o);
+    if (bytes == NULL)
+        return -1;
+
+    len = PyString_GET_SIZE(bytes);
+    if (len > limit) {
+        Py_DECREF(bytes);
+        return -2;
+    }
+
+    ret = msgpack_pack_raw(pk, len);
+    if (ret) {
+        Py_DECREF(bytes);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    ret = msgpack_pack_raw_body(pk, PyString_AS_STRING(bytes), len);
+    Py_DECREF(bytes);
+    return ret;
+#endif
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif

src/borg/_msgpack/pack_template.h

@@ -0,0 +1,785 @@
+/*
+ * MessagePack packing routine template
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008-2010 FURUHASHI Sadayuki
+ *
+ *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *    limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN__)
+#define TAKE8_8(d)  ((uint8_t*)&d)[0]
+#define TAKE8_16(d) ((uint8_t*)&d)[0]
+#define TAKE8_32(d) ((uint8_t*)&d)[0]
+#define TAKE8_64(d) ((uint8_t*)&d)[0]
+#elif defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__)
+#define TAKE8_8(d)  ((uint8_t*)&d)[0]
+#define TAKE8_16(d) ((uint8_t*)&d)[1]
+#define TAKE8_32(d) ((uint8_t*)&d)[3]
+#define TAKE8_64(d) ((uint8_t*)&d)[7]
+#endif
+
+#ifndef msgpack_pack_append_buffer
+#error msgpack_pack_append_buffer callback is not defined
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+ * Integer
+ */
+
+#define msgpack_pack_real_uint8(x, d) \
+do { \
+    if(d < (1<<7)) { \
+        /* fixnum */ \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_8(d), 1); \
+    } else { \
+        /* unsigned 8 */ \
+        unsigned char buf[2] = {0xcc, TAKE8_8(d)}; \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+    } \
+} while(0)
+
+#define msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d) \
+do { \
+    if(d < (1<<7)) { \
+        /* fixnum */ \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_16(d), 1); \
+    } else if(d < (1<<8)) { \
+        /* unsigned 8 */ \
+        unsigned char buf[2] = {0xcc, TAKE8_16(d)}; \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+    } else { \
+        /* unsigned 16 */ \
+        unsigned char buf[3]; \
+        buf[0] = 0xcd; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)d); \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3); \
+    } \
+} while(0)
+
+#define msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d) \
+do { \
+    if(d < (1<<8)) { \
+        if(d < (1<<7)) { \
+            /* fixnum */ \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_32(d), 1); \
+        } else { \
+            /* unsigned 8 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[2] = {0xcc, TAKE8_32(d)}; \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+        } \
+    } else { \
+        if(d < (1<<16)) { \
+            /* unsigned 16 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[3]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xcd; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3); \
+        } else { \
+            /* unsigned 32 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[5]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xce; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (uint32_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5); \
+        } \
+    } \
+} while(0)
+
+#define msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d) \
+do { \
+    if(d < (1ULL<<8)) { \
+        if(d < (1ULL<<7)) { \
+            /* fixnum */ \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_64(d), 1); \
+        } else { \
+            /* unsigned 8 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[2] = {0xcc, TAKE8_64(d)}; \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+        } \
+    } else { \
+        if(d < (1ULL<<16)) { \
+            /* unsigned 16 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[3]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xcd; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3); \
+        } else if(d < (1ULL<<32)) { \
+            /* unsigned 32 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[5]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xce; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (uint32_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5); \
+        } else { \
+            /* unsigned 64 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[9]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xcf; _msgpack_store64(&buf[1], d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 9); \
+        } \
+    } \
+} while(0)
+
+#define msgpack_pack_real_int8(x, d) \
+do { \
+    if(d < -(1<<5)) { \
+        /* signed 8 */ \
+        unsigned char buf[2] = {0xd0, TAKE8_8(d)}; \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+    } else { \
+        /* fixnum */ \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_8(d), 1); \
+    } \
+} while(0)
+
+#define msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d) \
+do { \
+    if(d < -(1<<5)) { \
+        if(d < -(1<<7)) { \
+            /* signed 16 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[3]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xd1; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (int16_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3); \
+        } else { \
+            /* signed 8 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[2] = {0xd0, TAKE8_16(d)}; \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+        } \
+    } else if(d < (1<<7)) { \
+        /* fixnum */ \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_16(d), 1); \
+    } else { \
+        if(d < (1<<8)) { \
+            /* unsigned 8 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[2] = {0xcc, TAKE8_16(d)}; \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+        } else { \
+            /* unsigned 16 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[3]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xcd; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3); \
+        } \
+    } \
+} while(0)
+
+#define msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d) \
+do { \
+    if(d < -(1<<5)) { \
+        if(d < -(1<<15)) { \
+            /* signed 32 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[5]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xd2; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (int32_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5); \
+        } else if(d < -(1<<7)) { \
+            /* signed 16 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[3]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xd1; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (int16_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3); \
+        } else { \
+            /* signed 8 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[2] = {0xd0, TAKE8_32(d)}; \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+        } \
+    } else if(d < (1<<7)) { \
+        /* fixnum */ \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_32(d), 1); \
+    } else { \
+        if(d < (1<<8)) { \
+            /* unsigned 8 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[2] = {0xcc, TAKE8_32(d)}; \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+        } else if(d < (1<<16)) { \
+            /* unsigned 16 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[3]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xcd; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3); \
+        } else { \
+            /* unsigned 32 */ \
+            unsigned char buf[5]; \
+            buf[0] = 0xce; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (uint32_t)d); \
+            msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5); \
+        } \
+    } \
+} while(0)
+
+#define msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d) \
+do { \
+    if(d < -(1LL<<5)) { \
+        if(d < -(1LL<<15)) { \
+            if(d < -(1LL<<31)) { \
+                /* signed 64 */ \
+                unsigned char buf[9]; \
+                buf[0] = 0xd3; _msgpack_store64(&buf[1], d); \
+                msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 9); \
+            } else { \
+                /* signed 32 */ \
+                unsigned char buf[5]; \
+                buf[0] = 0xd2; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (int32_t)d); \
+                msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5); \
+            } \
+        } else { \
+            if(d < -(1<<7)) { \
+                /* signed 16 */ \
+                unsigned char buf[3]; \
+                buf[0] = 0xd1; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (int16_t)d); \
+                msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3); \
+            } else { \
+                /* signed 8 */ \
+                unsigned char buf[2] = {0xd0, TAKE8_64(d)}; \
+                msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+            } \
+        } \
+    } else if(d < (1<<7)) { \
+        /* fixnum */ \
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_64(d), 1); \
+    } else { \
+        if(d < (1LL<<16)) { \
+            if(d < (1<<8)) { \
+                /* unsigned 8 */ \
+                unsigned char buf[2] = {0xcc, TAKE8_64(d)}; \
+                msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2); \
+            } else { \
+                /* unsigned 16 */ \
+                unsigned char buf[3]; \
+                buf[0] = 0xcd; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)d); \
+                msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3); \
+            } \
+        } else { \
+            if(d < (1LL<<32)) { \
+                /* unsigned 32 */ \
+                unsigned char buf[5]; \
+                buf[0] = 0xce; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (uint32_t)d); \
+                msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5); \
+            } else { \
+                /* unsigned 64 */ \
+                unsigned char buf[9]; \
+                buf[0] = 0xcf; _msgpack_store64(&buf[1], d); \
+                msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 9); \
+            } \
+        } \
+    } \
+} while(0)
+
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_uint8(msgpack_packer* x, uint8_t d)
+{
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint8(x, d);
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_uint16(msgpack_packer* x, uint16_t d)
+{
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_uint32(msgpack_packer* x, uint32_t d)
+{
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_uint64(msgpack_packer* x, uint64_t d)
+{
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_int8(msgpack_packer* x, int8_t d)
+{
+    msgpack_pack_real_int8(x, d);
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_int16(msgpack_packer* x, int16_t d)
+{
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_int32(msgpack_packer* x, int32_t d)
+{
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_int64(msgpack_packer* x, int64_t d)
+{
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+}
+
+
+//#ifdef msgpack_pack_inline_func_cint
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_short(msgpack_packer* x, short d)
+{
+#if defined(SIZEOF_SHORT)
+#if SIZEOF_SHORT == 2
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+#elif SIZEOF_SHORT == 4
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(SHRT_MAX)
+#if SHRT_MAX == 0x7fff
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+#elif SHRT_MAX == 0x7fffffff
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#else
+if(sizeof(short) == 2) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+} else if(sizeof(short) == 4) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+} else {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+}
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_int(msgpack_packer* x, int d)
+{
+#if defined(SIZEOF_INT)
+#if SIZEOF_INT == 2
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+#elif SIZEOF_INT == 4
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(INT_MAX)
+#if INT_MAX == 0x7fff
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+#elif INT_MAX == 0x7fffffff
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#else
+if(sizeof(int) == 2) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+} else if(sizeof(int) == 4) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+} else {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+}
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_long(msgpack_packer* x, long d)
+{
+#if defined(SIZEOF_LONG)
+#if SIZEOF_LONG == 2
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG == 4
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(LONG_MAX)
+#if LONG_MAX == 0x7fffL
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+#elif LONG_MAX == 0x7fffffffL
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#else
+if(sizeof(long) == 2) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+} else if(sizeof(long) == 4) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+} else {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+}
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_long_long(msgpack_packer* x, long long d)
+{
+#if defined(SIZEOF_LONG_LONG)
+#if SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 2
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 4
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(LLONG_MAX)
+#if LLONG_MAX == 0x7fffL
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+#elif LLONG_MAX == 0x7fffffffL
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#else
+if(sizeof(long long) == 2) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int16(x, d);
+} else if(sizeof(long long) == 4) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int32(x, d);
+} else {
+    msgpack_pack_real_int64(x, d);
+}
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_unsigned_short(msgpack_packer* x, unsigned short d)
+{
+#if defined(SIZEOF_SHORT)
+#if SIZEOF_SHORT == 2
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+#elif SIZEOF_SHORT == 4
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(USHRT_MAX)
+#if USHRT_MAX == 0xffffU
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+#elif USHRT_MAX == 0xffffffffU
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#else
+if(sizeof(unsigned short) == 2) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+} else if(sizeof(unsigned short) == 4) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+} else {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+}
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_unsigned_int(msgpack_packer* x, unsigned int d)
+{
+#if defined(SIZEOF_INT)
+#if SIZEOF_INT == 2
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+#elif SIZEOF_INT == 4
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(UINT_MAX)
+#if UINT_MAX == 0xffffU
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+#elif UINT_MAX == 0xffffffffU
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#else
+if(sizeof(unsigned int) == 2) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+} else if(sizeof(unsigned int) == 4) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+} else {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+}
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_unsigned_long(msgpack_packer* x, unsigned long d)
+{
+#if defined(SIZEOF_LONG)
+#if SIZEOF_LONG == 2
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG == 4
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(ULONG_MAX)
+#if ULONG_MAX == 0xffffUL
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+#elif ULONG_MAX == 0xffffffffUL
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#else
+if(sizeof(unsigned long) == 2) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+} else if(sizeof(unsigned long) == 4) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+} else {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+}
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_unsigned_long_long(msgpack_packer* x, unsigned long long d)
+{
+#if defined(SIZEOF_LONG_LONG)
+#if SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 2
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+#elif SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 4
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(ULLONG_MAX)
+#if ULLONG_MAX == 0xffffUL
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+#elif ULLONG_MAX == 0xffffffffUL
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+#else
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+#endif
+
+#else
+if(sizeof(unsigned long long) == 2) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint16(x, d);
+} else if(sizeof(unsigned long long) == 4) {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint32(x, d);
+} else {
+    msgpack_pack_real_uint64(x, d);
+}
+#endif
+}
+
+//#undef msgpack_pack_inline_func_cint
+//#endif
+
+
+
+/*
+ * Float
+ */
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_float(msgpack_packer* x, float d)
+{
+    union { float f; uint32_t i; } mem;
+    mem.f = d;
+    unsigned char buf[5];
+    buf[0] = 0xca; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], mem.i);
+    msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5);
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_double(msgpack_packer* x, double d)
+{
+    union { double f; uint64_t i; } mem;
+    mem.f = d;
+    unsigned char buf[9];
+    buf[0] = 0xcb;
+#if defined(__arm__) && !(__ARM_EABI__) // arm-oabi
+    // https://github.com/msgpack/msgpack-perl/pull/1
+    mem.i = (mem.i & 0xFFFFFFFFUL) << 32UL | (mem.i >> 32UL);
+#endif
+    _msgpack_store64(&buf[1], mem.i);
+    msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 9);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Nil
+ */
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_nil(msgpack_packer* x)
+{
+    static const unsigned char d = 0xc0;
+    msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &d, 1);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Boolean
+ */
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_true(msgpack_packer* x)
+{
+    static const unsigned char d = 0xc3;
+    msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &d, 1);
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_false(msgpack_packer* x)
+{
+    static const unsigned char d = 0xc2;
+    msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &d, 1);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Array
+ */
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_array(msgpack_packer* x, unsigned int n)
+{
+    if(n < 16) {
+        unsigned char d = 0x90 | n;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &d, 1);
+    } else if(n < 65536) {
+        unsigned char buf[3];
+        buf[0] = 0xdc; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)n);
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3);
+    } else {
+        unsigned char buf[5];
+        buf[0] = 0xdd; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (uint32_t)n);
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Map
+ */
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_map(msgpack_packer* x, unsigned int n)
+{
+    if(n < 16) {
+        unsigned char d = 0x80 | n;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_8(d), 1);
+    } else if(n < 65536) {
+        unsigned char buf[3];
+        buf[0] = 0xde; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)n);
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3);
+    } else {
+        unsigned char buf[5];
+        buf[0] = 0xdf; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (uint32_t)n);
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Raw
+ */
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_raw(msgpack_packer* x, size_t l)
+{
+    if (l < 32) {
+        unsigned char d = 0xa0 | (uint8_t)l;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, &TAKE8_8(d), 1);
+    } else if (x->use_bin_type && l < 256) {  // str8 is new format introduced with bin.
+        unsigned char buf[2] = {0xd9, (uint8_t)l};
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2);
+    } else if (l < 65536) {
+        unsigned char buf[3];
+        buf[0] = 0xda; _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)l);
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3);
+    } else {
+        unsigned char buf[5];
+        buf[0] = 0xdb; _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (uint32_t)l);
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * bin
+ */
+static inline int msgpack_pack_bin(msgpack_packer *x, size_t l)
+{
+    if (!x->use_bin_type) {
+        return msgpack_pack_raw(x, l);
+    }
+    if (l < 256) {
+        unsigned char buf[2] = {0xc4, (unsigned char)l};
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2);
+    } else if (l < 65536) {
+        unsigned char buf[3] = {0xc5};
+        _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)l);
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3);
+    } else {
+        unsigned char buf[5] = {0xc6};
+        _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (uint32_t)l);
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 5);
+    }
+}
+
+static inline int msgpack_pack_raw_body(msgpack_packer* x, const void* b, size_t l)
+{
+    if (l > 0) msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, (const unsigned char*)b, l);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ext
+ */
+static inline int msgpack_pack_ext(msgpack_packer* x, char typecode, size_t l)
+{
+    if (l == 1) {
+        unsigned char buf[2];
+        buf[0] = 0xd4;
+        buf[1] = (unsigned char)typecode;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2);
+    }
+    else if(l == 2) {
+        unsigned char buf[2];
+        buf[0] = 0xd5;
+        buf[1] = (unsigned char)typecode;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2);
+    }
+    else if(l == 4) {
+        unsigned char buf[2];
+        buf[0] = 0xd6;
+        buf[1] = (unsigned char)typecode;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2);
+    }
+    else if(l == 8) {
+        unsigned char buf[2];
+        buf[0] = 0xd7;
+        buf[1] = (unsigned char)typecode;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2);
+    }
+    else if(l == 16) {
+        unsigned char buf[2];
+        buf[0] = 0xd8;
+        buf[1] = (unsigned char)typecode;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 2);
+    }
+    else if(l < 256) {
+        unsigned char buf[3];
+        buf[0] = 0xc7;
+        buf[1] = l;
+        buf[2] = (unsigned char)typecode;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 3);
+    } else if(l < 65536) {
+        unsigned char buf[4];
+        buf[0] = 0xc8;
+        _msgpack_store16(&buf[1], (uint16_t)l);
+        buf[3] = (unsigned char)typecode;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 4);
+    } else {
+        unsigned char buf[6];
+        buf[0] = 0xc9;
+        _msgpack_store32(&buf[1], (uint32_t)l);
+        buf[5] = (unsigned char)typecode;
+        msgpack_pack_append_buffer(x, buf, 6);
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+
+#undef msgpack_pack_append_buffer
+
+#undef TAKE8_8
+#undef TAKE8_16
+#undef TAKE8_32
+#undef TAKE8_64
+
+#undef msgpack_pack_real_uint8
+#undef msgpack_pack_real_uint16
+#undef msgpack_pack_real_uint32
+#undef msgpack_pack_real_uint64
+#undef msgpack_pack_real_int8
+#undef msgpack_pack_real_int16
+#undef msgpack_pack_real_int32
+#undef msgpack_pack_real_int64

src/borg/_msgpack/sysdep.h

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*
+ * MessagePack system dependencies
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008-2010 FURUHASHI Sadayuki
+ *
+ *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *    limitations under the License.
+ */
+#ifndef MSGPACK_SYSDEP_H__
+#define MSGPACK_SYSDEP_H__
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1600
+typedef __int8 int8_t;
+typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
+typedef __int16 int16_t;
+typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
+typedef __int32 int32_t;
+typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
+typedef __int64 int64_t;
+typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)  // && _MSC_VER >= 1600
+#include <stdint.h>
+#else
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#define _msgpack_atomic_counter_header <windows.h>
+typedef long _msgpack_atomic_counter_t;
+#define _msgpack_sync_decr_and_fetch(ptr) InterlockedDecrement(ptr)
+#define _msgpack_sync_incr_and_fetch(ptr) InterlockedIncrement(ptr)
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__*10 + __GNUC_MINOR__) < 41)
+#define _msgpack_atomic_counter_header "gcc_atomic.h"
+#else
+typedef unsigned int _msgpack_atomic_counter_t;
+#define _msgpack_sync_decr_and_fetch(ptr) __sync_sub_and_fetch(ptr, 1)
+#define _msgpack_sync_incr_and_fetch(ptr) __sync_add_and_fetch(ptr, 1)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+/* numeric_limits<T>::min,max */
+#ifdef max
+#undef max
+#endif
+#ifdef min
+#undef min
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#else
+#include <arpa/inet.h>  /* __BYTE_ORDER */
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN__) && !defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__)
+#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#define __LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
+#define __BIG_ENDIAN__
+#elif _WIN32
+#define __LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+#endif
+#endif
+
+
+#ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#  if defined(ntohs)
+#    define _msgpack_be16(x) ntohs(x)
+#  elif defined(_byteswap_ushort) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400)
+#    define _msgpack_be16(x) ((uint16_t)_byteswap_ushort((unsigned short)x))
+#  else
+#    define _msgpack_be16(x) ( \
+        ((((uint16_t)x) <<  8) ) | \
+        ((((uint16_t)x) >>  8) ) )
+#  endif
+#else
+#  define _msgpack_be16(x) ntohs(x)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#  if defined(ntohl)
+#    define _msgpack_be32(x) ntohl(x)
+#  elif defined(_byteswap_ulong) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400)
+#    define _msgpack_be32(x) ((uint32_t)_byteswap_ulong((unsigned long)x))
+#  else
+#    define _msgpack_be32(x) \
+        ( ((((uint32_t)x) << 24)               ) | \
+          ((((uint32_t)x) <<  8) & 0x00ff0000U ) | \
+          ((((uint32_t)x) >>  8) & 0x0000ff00U ) | \
+          ((((uint32_t)x) >> 24)               ) )
+#  endif
+#else
+#  define _msgpack_be32(x) ntohl(x)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_byteswap_uint64) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400)
+#  define _msgpack_be64(x) (_byteswap_uint64(x))
+#elif defined(bswap_64)
+#  define _msgpack_be64(x) bswap_64(x)
+#elif defined(__DARWIN_OSSwapInt64)
+#  define _msgpack_be64(x) __DARWIN_OSSwapInt64(x)
+#else
+#define _msgpack_be64(x) \
+    ( ((((uint64_t)x) << 56)                         ) | \
+      ((((uint64_t)x) << 40) & 0x00ff000000000000ULL ) | \
+      ((((uint64_t)x) << 24) & 0x0000ff0000000000ULL ) | \
+      ((((uint64_t)x) <<  8) & 0x000000ff00000000ULL ) | \
+      ((((uint64_t)x) >>  8) & 0x00000000ff000000ULL ) | \
+      ((((uint64_t)x) >> 24) & 0x0000000000ff0000ULL ) | \
+      ((((uint64_t)x) >> 40) & 0x000000000000ff00ULL ) | \
+      ((((uint64_t)x) >> 56)                         ) )
+#endif
+
+#define _msgpack_load16(cast, from) ((cast)( \
+        (((uint16_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[0]) << 8) | \
+        (((uint16_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[1])     ) ))
+
+#define _msgpack_load32(cast, from) ((cast)( \
+        (((uint32_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[0]) << 24) | \
+        (((uint32_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[1]) << 16) | \
+        (((uint32_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[2]) <<  8) | \
+        (((uint32_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[3])      ) ))
+
+#define _msgpack_load64(cast, from) ((cast)( \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[0]) << 56) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[1]) << 48) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[2]) << 40) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[3]) << 32) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[4]) << 24) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[5]) << 16) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[6]) << 8)  | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(from))[7])     )  ))
+
+#else
+
+#define _msgpack_be16(x) (x)
+#define _msgpack_be32(x) (x)
+#define _msgpack_be64(x) (x)
+
+#define _msgpack_load16(cast, from) ((cast)( \
+        (((uint16_t)((uint8_t*)from)[0]) << 8) | \
+        (((uint16_t)((uint8_t*)from)[1])     ) ))
+
+#define _msgpack_load32(cast, from) ((cast)( \
+        (((uint32_t)((uint8_t*)from)[0]) << 24) | \
+        (((uint32_t)((uint8_t*)from)[1]) << 16) | \
+        (((uint32_t)((uint8_t*)from)[2]) <<  8) | \
+        (((uint32_t)((uint8_t*)from)[3])      ) ))
+
+#define _msgpack_load64(cast, from) ((cast)( \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)from)[0]) << 56) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)from)[1]) << 48) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)from)[2]) << 40) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)from)[3]) << 32) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)from)[4]) << 24) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)from)[5]) << 16) | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)from)[6]) << 8)  | \
+        (((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)from)[7])     )  ))
+#endif
+
+
+#define _msgpack_store16(to, num) \
+    do { uint16_t val = _msgpack_be16(num); memcpy(to, &val, 2); } while(0)
+#define _msgpack_store32(to, num) \
+    do { uint32_t val = _msgpack_be32(num); memcpy(to, &val, 4); } while(0)
+#define _msgpack_store64(to, num) \
+    do { uint64_t val = _msgpack_be64(num); memcpy(to, &val, 8); } while(0)
+
+/*
+#define _msgpack_load16(cast, from) \
+    ({ cast val; memcpy(&val, (char*)from, 2); _msgpack_be16(val); })
+#define _msgpack_load32(cast, from) \
+    ({ cast val; memcpy(&val, (char*)from, 4); _msgpack_be32(val); })
+#define _msgpack_load64(cast, from) \
+    ({ cast val; memcpy(&val, (char*)from, 8); _msgpack_be64(val); })
+*/
+
+
+#endif /* msgpack/sysdep.h */

src/borg/_msgpack/unpack.h

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+/*
+ * MessagePack for Python unpacking routine
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Naoki INADA
+ *
+ *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *    limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE  (1024)
+#include "unpack_define.h"
+
+typedef struct unpack_user {
+    bool use_list;
+    bool raw;
+    bool has_pairs_hook;
+    PyObject *object_hook;
+    PyObject *list_hook;
+    PyObject *ext_hook;
+    const char *encoding;
+    const char *unicode_errors;
+    Py_ssize_t max_str_len, max_bin_len, max_array_len, max_map_len, max_ext_len;
+} unpack_user;
+
+typedef PyObject* msgpack_unpack_object;
+struct unpack_context;
+typedef struct unpack_context unpack_context;
+typedef int (*execute_fn)(unpack_context *ctx, const char* data, Py_ssize_t len, Py_ssize_t* off);
+
+static inline msgpack_unpack_object unpack_callback_root(unpack_user* u)
+{
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_uint16(unpack_user* u, uint16_t d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    PyObject *p = PyInt_FromLong((long)d);
+    if (!p)
+        return -1;
+    *o = p;
+    return 0;
+}
+static inline int unpack_callback_uint8(unpack_user* u, uint8_t d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    return unpack_callback_uint16(u, d, o);
+}
+
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_uint32(unpack_user* u, uint32_t d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    PyObject *p = PyInt_FromSize_t((size_t)d);
+    if (!p)
+        return -1;
+    *o = p;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_uint64(unpack_user* u, uint64_t d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    PyObject *p;
+    if (d > LONG_MAX) {
+        p = PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong((unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)d);
+    } else {
+        p = PyInt_FromLong((long)d);
+    }
+    if (!p)
+        return -1;
+    *o = p;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_int32(unpack_user* u, int32_t d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    PyObject *p = PyInt_FromLong(d);
+    if (!p)
+        return -1;
+    *o = p;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_int16(unpack_user* u, int16_t d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    return unpack_callback_int32(u, d, o);
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_int8(unpack_user* u, int8_t d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    return unpack_callback_int32(u, d, o);
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_int64(unpack_user* u, int64_t d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    PyObject *p;
+    if (d > LONG_MAX || d < LONG_MIN) {
+        p = PyLong_FromLongLong((PY_LONG_LONG)d);
+    } else {
+        p = PyInt_FromLong((long)d);
+    }
+    *o = p;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_double(unpack_user* u, double d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    PyObject *p = PyFloat_FromDouble(d);
+    if (!p)
+        return -1;
+    *o = p;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_float(unpack_user* u, float d, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    return unpack_callback_double(u, d, o);
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_nil(unpack_user* u, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{ Py_INCREF(Py_None); *o = Py_None; return 0; }
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_true(unpack_user* u, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{ Py_INCREF(Py_True); *o = Py_True; return 0; }
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_false(unpack_user* u, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{ Py_INCREF(Py_False); *o = Py_False; return 0; }
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_array(unpack_user* u, unsigned int n, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    if (n > u->max_array_len) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "%u exceeds max_array_len(%zd)", n, u->max_array_len);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    PyObject *p = u->use_list ? PyList_New(n) : PyTuple_New(n);
+
+    if (!p)
+        return -1;
+    *o = p;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_array_item(unpack_user* u, unsigned int current, msgpack_unpack_object* c, msgpack_unpack_object o)
+{
+    if (u->use_list)
+        PyList_SET_ITEM(*c, current, o);
+    else
+        PyTuple_SET_ITEM(*c, current, o);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_array_end(unpack_user* u, msgpack_unpack_object* c)
+{
+    if (u->list_hook) {
+        PyObject *new_c = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(u->list_hook, *c, NULL);
+        if (!new_c)
+            return -1;
+        Py_DECREF(*c);
+        *c = new_c;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_map(unpack_user* u, unsigned int n, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    if (n > u->max_map_len) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "%u exceeds max_map_len(%zd)", n, u->max_map_len);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    PyObject *p;
+    if (u->has_pairs_hook) {
+        p = PyList_New(n); // Or use tuple?
+    }
+    else {
+        p = PyDict_New();
+    }
+    if (!p)
+        return -1;
+    *o = p;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_map_item(unpack_user* u, unsigned int current, msgpack_unpack_object* c, msgpack_unpack_object k, msgpack_unpack_object v)
+{
+    if (u->has_pairs_hook) {
+        msgpack_unpack_object item = PyTuple_Pack(2, k, v);
+        if (!item)
+            return -1;
+        Py_DECREF(k);
+        Py_DECREF(v);
+        PyList_SET_ITEM(*c, current, item);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    else if (PyDict_SetItem(*c, k, v) == 0) {
+        Py_DECREF(k);
+        Py_DECREF(v);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_map_end(unpack_user* u, msgpack_unpack_object* c)
+{
+    if (u->object_hook) {
+        PyObject *new_c = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(u->object_hook, *c, NULL);
+        if (!new_c)
+            return -1;
+
+        Py_DECREF(*c);
+        *c = new_c;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_raw(unpack_user* u, const char* b, const char* p, unsigned int l, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    if (l > u->max_str_len) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "%u exceeds max_str_len(%zd)", l, u->max_str_len);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    PyObject *py;
+
+    if (u->encoding) {
+        py = PyUnicode_Decode(p, l, u->encoding, u->unicode_errors);
+    } else if (u->raw) {
+        py = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(p, l);
+    } else {
+        py = PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(p, l, u->unicode_errors);
+    }
+    if (!py)
+        return -1;
+    *o = py;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_bin(unpack_user* u, const char* b, const char* p, unsigned int l, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    if (l > u->max_bin_len) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "%u exceeds max_bin_len(%zd)", l, u->max_bin_len);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    PyObject *py = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(p, l);
+    if (!py)
+        return -1;
+    *o = py;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int unpack_callback_ext(unpack_user* u, const char* base, const char* pos,
+                                      unsigned int length, msgpack_unpack_object* o)
+{
+    PyObject *py;
+    int8_t typecode = (int8_t)*pos++;
+    if (!u->ext_hook) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AssertionError, "u->ext_hook cannot be NULL");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (length-1 > u->max_ext_len) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "%u exceeds max_ext_len(%zd)", length, u->max_ext_len);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    // length also includes the typecode, so the actual data is length-1
+#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION == 2
+    py = PyObject_CallFunction(u->ext_hook, "(is#)", (int)typecode, pos, (Py_ssize_t)length-1);
+#else
+    py = PyObject_CallFunction(u->ext_hook, "(iy#)", (int)typecode, pos, (Py_ssize_t)length-1);
+#endif
+    if (!py)
+        return -1;
+    *o = py;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#include "unpack_template.h"

src/borg/_msgpack/unpack_define.h

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * MessagePack unpacking routine template
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008-2010 FURUHASHI Sadayuki
+ *
+ *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *    limitations under the License.
+ */
+#ifndef MSGPACK_UNPACK_DEFINE_H__
+#define MSGPACK_UNPACK_DEFINE_H__
+
+#include "msgpack/sysdep.h"
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+#ifndef MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE
+#define MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE 32
+#endif
+
+
+// CS is first byte & 0x1f
+typedef enum {
+    CS_HEADER            = 0x00,  // nil
+
+    //CS_                = 0x01,
+    //CS_                = 0x02,  // false
+    //CS_                = 0x03,  // true
+
+    CS_BIN_8             = 0x04,
+    CS_BIN_16            = 0x05,
+    CS_BIN_32            = 0x06,
+
+    CS_EXT_8             = 0x07,
+    CS_EXT_16            = 0x08,
+    CS_EXT_32            = 0x09,
+
+    CS_FLOAT             = 0x0a,
+    CS_DOUBLE            = 0x0b,
+    CS_UINT_8            = 0x0c,
+    CS_UINT_16           = 0x0d,
+    CS_UINT_32           = 0x0e,
+    CS_UINT_64           = 0x0f,
+    CS_INT_8             = 0x10,
+    CS_INT_16            = 0x11,
+    CS_INT_32            = 0x12,
+    CS_INT_64            = 0x13,
+
+    //CS_FIXEXT1           = 0x14,
+    //CS_FIXEXT2           = 0x15,
+    //CS_FIXEXT4           = 0x16,
+    //CS_FIXEXT8           = 0x17,
+    //CS_FIXEXT16          = 0x18,
+
+    CS_RAW_8             = 0x19,
+    CS_RAW_16            = 0x1a,
+    CS_RAW_32            = 0x1b,
+    CS_ARRAY_16          = 0x1c,
+    CS_ARRAY_32          = 0x1d,
+    CS_MAP_16            = 0x1e,
+    CS_MAP_32            = 0x1f,
+
+    ACS_RAW_VALUE,
+    ACS_BIN_VALUE,
+    ACS_EXT_VALUE,
+} msgpack_unpack_state;
+
+
+typedef enum {
+    CT_ARRAY_ITEM,
+    CT_MAP_KEY,
+    CT_MAP_VALUE,
+} msgpack_container_type;
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* msgpack/unpack_define.h */

src/borg/_msgpack/unpack_template.h

@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+/*
+ * MessagePack unpacking routine template
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008-2010 FURUHASHI Sadayuki
+ *
+ *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *    limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef USE_CASE_RANGE
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define USE_CASE_RANGE
+#endif
+#endif
+
+typedef struct unpack_stack {
+    PyObject* obj;
+    Py_ssize_t size;
+    Py_ssize_t count;
+    unsigned int ct;
+    PyObject* map_key;
+} unpack_stack;
+
+struct unpack_context {
+    unpack_user user;
+    unsigned int cs;
+    unsigned int trail;
+    unsigned int top;
+    /*
+    unpack_stack* stack;
+    unsigned int stack_size;
+    unpack_stack embed_stack[MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE];
+    */
+    unpack_stack stack[MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE];
+};
+
+
+static inline void unpack_init(unpack_context* ctx)
+{
+    ctx->cs = CS_HEADER;
+    ctx->trail = 0;
+    ctx->top = 0;
+    /*
+    ctx->stack = ctx->embed_stack;
+    ctx->stack_size = MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE;
+    */
+    ctx->stack[0].obj = unpack_callback_root(&ctx->user);
+}
+
+/*
+static inline void unpack_destroy(unpack_context* ctx)
+{
+    if(ctx->stack_size != MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE) {
+        free(ctx->stack);
+    }
+}
+*/
+
+static inline PyObject* unpack_data(unpack_context* ctx)
+{
+    return (ctx)->stack[0].obj;
+}
+
+static inline void unpack_clear(unpack_context *ctx)
+{
+    Py_CLEAR(ctx->stack[0].obj);
+}
+
+template <bool construct>
+static inline int unpack_execute(unpack_context* ctx, const char* data, Py_ssize_t len, Py_ssize_t* off)
+{
+    assert(len >= *off);
+
+    const unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)data + *off;
+    const unsigned char* const pe = (unsigned char*)data + len;
+    const void* n = p;
+
+    unsigned int trail = ctx->trail;
+    unsigned int cs = ctx->cs;
+    unsigned int top = ctx->top;
+    unpack_stack* stack = ctx->stack;
+    /*
+    unsigned int stack_size = ctx->stack_size;
+    */
+    unpack_user* user = &ctx->user;
+
+    PyObject* obj = NULL;
+    unpack_stack* c = NULL;
+
+    int ret;
+
+#define construct_cb(name) \
+    construct && unpack_callback ## name
+
+#define push_simple_value(func) \
+    if(construct_cb(func)(user, &obj) < 0) { goto _failed; } \
+    goto _push
+#define push_fixed_value(func, arg) \
+    if(construct_cb(func)(user, arg, &obj) < 0) { goto _failed; } \
+    goto _push
+#define push_variable_value(func, base, pos, len) \
+    if(construct_cb(func)(user, \
+        (const char*)base, (const char*)pos, len, &obj) < 0) { goto _failed; } \
+    goto _push
+
+#define again_fixed_trail(_cs, trail_len) \
+    trail = trail_len; \
+    cs = _cs; \
+    goto _fixed_trail_again
+#define again_fixed_trail_if_zero(_cs, trail_len, ifzero) \
+    trail = trail_len; \
+    if(trail == 0) { goto ifzero; } \
+    cs = _cs; \
+    goto _fixed_trail_again
+
+#define start_container(func, count_, ct_) \
+    if(top >= MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE) { goto _failed; } /* FIXME */ \
+    if(construct_cb(func)(user, count_, &stack[top].obj) < 0) { goto _failed; } \
+    if((count_) == 0) { obj = stack[top].obj; \
+        if (construct_cb(func##_end)(user, &obj) < 0) { goto _failed; } \
+        goto _push; } \
+    stack[top].ct = ct_; \
+    stack[top].size  = count_; \
+    stack[top].count = 0; \
+    ++top; \
+    /*printf("container %d count %d stack %d\n",stack[top].obj,count_,top);*/ \
+    /*printf("stack push %d\n", top);*/ \
+    /* FIXME \
+    if(top >= stack_size) { \
+        if(stack_size == MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE) { \
+            size_t csize = sizeof(unpack_stack) * MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE; \
+            size_t nsize = csize * 2; \
+            unpack_stack* tmp = (unpack_stack*)malloc(nsize); \
+            if(tmp == NULL) { goto _failed; } \
+            memcpy(tmp, ctx->stack, csize); \
+            ctx->stack = stack = tmp; \
+            ctx->stack_size = stack_size = MSGPACK_EMBED_STACK_SIZE * 2; \
+        } else { \
+            size_t nsize = sizeof(unpack_stack) * ctx->stack_size * 2; \
+            unpack_stack* tmp = (unpack_stack*)realloc(ctx->stack, nsize); \
+            if(tmp == NULL) { goto _failed; } \
+            ctx->stack = stack = tmp; \
+            ctx->stack_size = stack_size = stack_size * 2; \
+        } \
+    } \
+    */ \
+    goto _header_again
+
+#define NEXT_CS(p)  ((unsigned int)*p & 0x1f)
+
+#ifdef USE_CASE_RANGE
+#define SWITCH_RANGE_BEGIN     switch(*p) {
+#define SWITCH_RANGE(FROM, TO) case FROM ... TO:
+#define SWITCH_RANGE_DEFAULT   default:
+#define SWITCH_RANGE_END       }
+#else
+#define SWITCH_RANGE_BEGIN     { if(0) {
+#define SWITCH_RANGE(FROM, TO) } else if(FROM <= *p && *p <= TO) {
+#define SWITCH_RANGE_DEFAULT   } else {
+#define SWITCH_RANGE_END       } }
+#endif
+
+    if(p == pe) { goto _out; }
+    do {
+        switch(cs) {
+        case CS_HEADER:
+            SWITCH_RANGE_BEGIN
+            SWITCH_RANGE(0x00, 0x7f)  // Positive Fixnum
+                push_fixed_value(_uint8, *(uint8_t*)p);
+            SWITCH_RANGE(0xe0, 0xff)  // Negative Fixnum
+                push_fixed_value(_int8, *(int8_t*)p);
+            SWITCH_RANGE(0xc0, 0xdf)  // Variable
+                switch(*p) {
+                case 0xc0:  // nil
+                    push_simple_value(_nil);
+                //case 0xc1:  // never used
+                case 0xc2:  // false
+                    push_simple_value(_false);
+                case 0xc3:  // true
+                    push_simple_value(_true);
+                case 0xc4:  // bin 8
+                    again_fixed_trail(NEXT_CS(p), 1);
+                case 0xc5:  // bin 16
+                    again_fixed_trail(NEXT_CS(p), 2);
+                case 0xc6:  // bin 32
+                    again_fixed_trail(NEXT_CS(p), 4);
+                case 0xc7:  // ext 8
+                    again_fixed_trail(NEXT_CS(p), 1);
+                case 0xc8:  // ext 16
+                    again_fixed_trail(NEXT_CS(p), 2);
+                case 0xc9:  // ext 32
+                    again_fixed_trail(NEXT_CS(p), 4);
+                case 0xca:  // float
+                case 0xcb:  // double
+                case 0xcc:  // unsigned int  8
+                case 0xcd:  // unsigned int 16
+                case 0xce:  // unsigned int 32
+                case 0xcf:  // unsigned int 64
+                case 0xd0:  // signed int  8
+                case 0xd1:  // signed int 16
+                case 0xd2:  // signed int 32
+                case 0xd3:  // signed int 64
+                    again_fixed_trail(NEXT_CS(p), 1 << (((unsigned int)*p) & 0x03));
+                case 0xd4:  // fixext 1
+                case 0xd5:  // fixext 2
+                case 0xd6:  // fixext 4
+                case 0xd7:  // fixext 8
+                    again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_EXT_VALUE, 
+                                              (1 << (((unsigned int)*p) & 0x03))+1,
+                                              _ext_zero);
+                case 0xd8:  // fixext 16
+                    again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_EXT_VALUE, 16+1, _ext_zero);
+                case 0xd9:  // str 8
+                    again_fixed_trail(NEXT_CS(p), 1);
+                case 0xda:  // raw 16
+                case 0xdb:  // raw 32
+                case 0xdc:  // array 16
+                case 0xdd:  // array 32
+                case 0xde:  // map 16
+                case 0xdf:  // map 32
+                    again_fixed_trail(NEXT_CS(p), 2 << (((unsigned int)*p) & 0x01));
+                default:
+                    goto _failed;
+                }
+            SWITCH_RANGE(0xa0, 0xbf)  // FixRaw
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_RAW_VALUE, ((unsigned int)*p & 0x1f), _raw_zero);
+            SWITCH_RANGE(0x90, 0x9f)  // FixArray
+                start_container(_array, ((unsigned int)*p) & 0x0f, CT_ARRAY_ITEM);
+            SWITCH_RANGE(0x80, 0x8f)  // FixMap
+                start_container(_map, ((unsigned int)*p) & 0x0f, CT_MAP_KEY);
+
+            SWITCH_RANGE_DEFAULT
+                goto _failed;
+            SWITCH_RANGE_END
+            // end CS_HEADER
+
+
+        _fixed_trail_again:
+            ++p;
+
+        default:
+            if((size_t)(pe - p) < trail) { goto _out; }
+            n = p;  p += trail - 1;
+            switch(cs) {
+            case CS_EXT_8:
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_EXT_VALUE, *(uint8_t*)n+1, _ext_zero);
+            case CS_EXT_16:
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_EXT_VALUE,
+                                          _msgpack_load16(uint16_t,n)+1,
+                                          _ext_zero);
+            case CS_EXT_32:
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_EXT_VALUE,
+                                          _msgpack_load32(uint32_t,n)+1,
+                                          _ext_zero);
+            case CS_FLOAT: {
+                    union { uint32_t i; float f; } mem;
+                    mem.i = _msgpack_load32(uint32_t,n);
+                    push_fixed_value(_float, mem.f); }
+            case CS_DOUBLE: {
+                    union { uint64_t i; double f; } mem;
+                    mem.i = _msgpack_load64(uint64_t,n);
+#if defined(__arm__) && !(__ARM_EABI__) // arm-oabi
+                    // https://github.com/msgpack/msgpack-perl/pull/1
+                    mem.i = (mem.i & 0xFFFFFFFFUL) << 32UL | (mem.i >> 32UL);
+#endif
+                    push_fixed_value(_double, mem.f); }
+            case CS_UINT_8:
+                push_fixed_value(_uint8, *(uint8_t*)n);
+            case CS_UINT_16:
+                push_fixed_value(_uint16, _msgpack_load16(uint16_t,n));
+            case CS_UINT_32:
+                push_fixed_value(_uint32, _msgpack_load32(uint32_t,n));
+            case CS_UINT_64:
+                push_fixed_value(_uint64, _msgpack_load64(uint64_t,n));
+
+            case CS_INT_8:
+                push_fixed_value(_int8, *(int8_t*)n);
+            case CS_INT_16:
+                push_fixed_value(_int16, _msgpack_load16(int16_t,n));
+            case CS_INT_32:
+                push_fixed_value(_int32, _msgpack_load32(int32_t,n));
+            case CS_INT_64:
+                push_fixed_value(_int64, _msgpack_load64(int64_t,n));
+
+            case CS_BIN_8:
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_BIN_VALUE, *(uint8_t*)n, _bin_zero);
+            case CS_BIN_16:
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_BIN_VALUE, _msgpack_load16(uint16_t,n), _bin_zero);
+            case CS_BIN_32:
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_BIN_VALUE, _msgpack_load32(uint32_t,n), _bin_zero);
+            case ACS_BIN_VALUE:
+            _bin_zero:
+                push_variable_value(_bin, data, n, trail);
+
+            case CS_RAW_8:
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_RAW_VALUE, *(uint8_t*)n, _raw_zero);
+            case CS_RAW_16:
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_RAW_VALUE, _msgpack_load16(uint16_t,n), _raw_zero);
+            case CS_RAW_32:
+                again_fixed_trail_if_zero(ACS_RAW_VALUE, _msgpack_load32(uint32_t,n), _raw_zero);
+            case ACS_RAW_VALUE:
+            _raw_zero:
+                push_variable_value(_raw, data, n, trail);
+
+            case ACS_EXT_VALUE:
+            _ext_zero:
+                push_variable_value(_ext, data, n, trail);
+
+            case CS_ARRAY_16:
+                start_container(_array, _msgpack_load16(uint16_t,n), CT_ARRAY_ITEM);
+            case CS_ARRAY_32:
+                /* FIXME security guard */
+                start_container(_array, _msgpack_load32(uint32_t,n), CT_ARRAY_ITEM);
+
+            case CS_MAP_16:
+                start_container(_map, _msgpack_load16(uint16_t,n), CT_MAP_KEY);
+            case CS_MAP_32:
+                /* FIXME security guard */
+                start_container(_map, _msgpack_load32(uint32_t,n), CT_MAP_KEY);
+
+            default:
+                goto _failed;
+            }
+        }
+
+_push:
+    if(top == 0) { goto _finish; }
+    c = &stack[top-1];
+    switch(c->ct) {
+    case CT_ARRAY_ITEM:
+        if(construct_cb(_array_item)(user, c->count, &c->obj, obj) < 0) { goto _failed; }
+        if(++c->count == c->size) {
+            obj = c->obj;
+            if (construct_cb(_array_end)(user, &obj) < 0) { goto _failed; }
+            --top;
+            /*printf("stack pop %d\n", top);*/
+            goto _push;
+        }
+        goto _header_again;
+    case CT_MAP_KEY:
+        c->map_key = obj;
+        c->ct = CT_MAP_VALUE;
+        goto _header_again;
+    case CT_MAP_VALUE:
+        if(construct_cb(_map_item)(user, c->count, &c->obj, c->map_key, obj) < 0) { goto _failed; }
+        if(++c->count == c->size) {
+            obj = c->obj;
+            if (construct_cb(_map_end)(user, &obj) < 0) { goto _failed; }
+            --top;
+            /*printf("stack pop %d\n", top);*/
+            goto _push;
+        }
+        c->ct = CT_MAP_KEY;
+        goto _header_again;
+
+    default:
+        goto _failed;
+    }
+
+_header_again:
+        cs = CS_HEADER;
+        ++p;
+    } while(p != pe);
+    goto _out;
+
+
+_finish:
+    if (!construct)
+        unpack_callback_nil(user, &obj);
+    stack[0].obj = obj;
+    ++p;
+    ret = 1;
+    /*printf("-- finish --\n"); */
+    goto _end;
+
+_failed:
+    /*printf("** FAILED **\n"); */
+    ret = -1;
+    goto _end;
+
+_out:
+    ret = 0;
+    goto _end;
+
+_end:
+    ctx->cs = cs;
+    ctx->trail = trail;
+    ctx->top = top;
+    *off = p - (const unsigned char*)data;
+
+    return ret;
+#undef construct_cb
+}
+
+#undef SWITCH_RANGE_BEGIN
+#undef SWITCH_RANGE
+#undef SWITCH_RANGE_DEFAULT
+#undef SWITCH_RANGE_END
+#undef push_simple_value
+#undef push_fixed_value
+#undef push_variable_value
+#undef again_fixed_trail
+#undef again_fixed_trail_if_zero
+#undef start_container
+
+template <unsigned int fixed_offset, unsigned int var_offset>
+static inline int unpack_container_header(unpack_context* ctx, const char* data, Py_ssize_t len, Py_ssize_t* off)
+{
+    assert(len >= *off);
+    uint32_t size;
+    const unsigned char *const p = (unsigned char*)data + *off;
+
+#define inc_offset(inc) \
+    if (len - *off < inc) \
+        return 0; \
+    *off += inc;
+
+    switch (*p) {
+    case var_offset:
+        inc_offset(3);
+        size = _msgpack_load16(uint16_t, p + 1);
+        break;
+    case var_offset + 1:
+        inc_offset(5);
+        size = _msgpack_load32(uint32_t, p + 1);
+        break;
+#ifdef USE_CASE_RANGE
+    case fixed_offset + 0x0 ... fixed_offset + 0xf:
+#else
+    case fixed_offset + 0x0:
+    case fixed_offset + 0x1:
+    case fixed_offset + 0x2:
+    case fixed_offset + 0x3:
+    case fixed_offset + 0x4:
+    case fixed_offset + 0x5:
+    case fixed_offset + 0x6:
+    case fixed_offset + 0x7:
+    case fixed_offset + 0x8:
+    case fixed_offset + 0x9:
+    case fixed_offset + 0xa:
+    case fixed_offset + 0xb:
+    case fixed_offset + 0xc:
+    case fixed_offset + 0xd:
+    case fixed_offset + 0xe:
+    case fixed_offset + 0xf:
+#endif
+        ++*off;
+        size = ((unsigned int)*p) & 0x0f;
+        break;
+    default:
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Unexpected type header on stream");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    unpack_callback_uint32(&ctx->user, size, &ctx->stack[0].obj);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+#undef SWITCH_RANGE_BEGIN
+#undef SWITCH_RANGE
+#undef SWITCH_RANGE_DEFAULT
+#undef SWITCH_RANGE_END
+
+static const execute_fn unpack_construct = &unpack_execute<true>;
+static const execute_fn unpack_skip = &unpack_execute<false>;
+static const execute_fn read_array_header = &unpack_container_header<0x90, 0xdc>;
+static const execute_fn read_map_header = &unpack_container_header<0x80, 0xde>;
+
+#undef NEXT_CS
+
+/* vim: set ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 expandtab  */